Table of Content

25 April 2013, Volume 32 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

Secondary geological hazard assessment and hazard mitigation countermeasures in Lushan, Ya'an Earthquake, Sichuan Province LAN Hengxing, ZHOU Chenghu, GAO Xing, CHENG Weiming, WANG Zhihua, YANG Zhihua, LI Langping, WU Yuming 2013, 32 (4):  499-504.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (35034KB) ( )   Save A strong earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 struck the Lushan County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province on April 20th 2013 at 8:02 AM. This seismic area is extremely prone to the secondary geological hazard due to its rugged geomorphology, adverse geological conditions caused by high seismic intensity and intensive precipitation. Important data have been collected in Lushan seismic area including topological data, geological data, tectonic data, historical geohazards, seismic intensity, rainfall data, satellite images, etc.. We conducted the comprehensive hazard assessment on secondary geological hazards including: (1) Hazard assessment and spatial distribution of secondary geohazard induced by seismic force; (2) Spatial distribution and developing trend of secondary geohazard induced by precipitation; (3) Comprehensive secondary geohazard assessment in Lushan seismic area induced by earthquake superposed by precipitation. Based on the assessment result, vital influencing regions are identified that need intensive monitoring and mitigation. This work is expected to provide important suggestions for both the emergency rescue and the reconstruction of the Lushan seismic area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Temporal and spatial differences in the level of low carbon economic development among the provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin WANG Xi, QIN Yaochen, LU Fengxian, ZHANG Dai, JIANG Xiangya 2013, 32 (4):  505-513.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1548KB) ( )   Save Evaluation of the levels of low carbon economic development and the investigation of their spatial differences are an important step from basic (theoretical) to applied (practical) research on low carbon economy. The essence of establishing an evaluation index system is to specify the content of low carbon development in details and a criterion system for assessment in order to provide necessary theoretical support for low carbon economic development and its regulation. With reference to DPSIR (driving forces-pressure-state-impact-response) model, using carbon emission intensity, per capita carbon emission, etc. among 25 indices, an evaluation index system based on PSIR model was established to study the levels of low carbon development and their temporal and spatial differences for the major provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin from 1991 to 2010. The results indicate that, in the region under study, temporally all provinces are progressing toward low carbon economy with fluctuations; spatially the levels of the development in different provinces vary, with the highest level in Shandong and relatively lower levels in Shanxi and Henan. But the progress is faster in the provinces with lower levels of low carbon economy. With regard to the impacting factors, with the exception of pressure sub-system, all other sub-systems show highly positive correlation with low carbon economic development, with variations in the different areas of the region. In general, changes of the pressure sub-system have greatest impact on low carbon economic development, suggesting that carbon emission intensity is being continuously lowered, industrial structure continuously optimized, and the pressure on resources and the environment reduced. However, the contribution of technological progress to low carbon economic development is relatively small. References | Related Articles | Metrics

An empirical analysis of the increment of CO2 emission from energy consumption in Beijing: Based on LMDI technique of IDA method ZHANG Wang, ZHOU Yueyun 2013, 32 (4):  514-521.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (641KB) ( )   Save Based on increment decomposition of the Log-Mean Divisia Index(LMDI), an empirical analysis is conducted on the driving factors of the increment of carbon dioxide emissions from energy consumption in 6 industrial sectors and from households in Beijing from 1995 to 2010. The results are shown as following: the determining factor that affects the increase of CO2 emission is the expansion of industrial scales; the dominant factor to reduce CO2 emission is the reduction of energy consumption intensity; the changes of the structure of industry and energy consumption have relatively less contribution to CO2 emission change. With regard to industrial sectors, the industrial carbon emissions have shown the most significant reduction,while carbon emissions in other sectors, such as services, transportation,storage and postal service have clearly increased. The continuing expansion of population scales is the main cause of the increase of households' carbon emissions, followed by per capita energy consumption intensity; carbon emissions coefficients and change in the structure of energy consumption in our daily lives have little contribution to the reduction of carbon emissions. Finally, based on the above analysis, the paper puts forward concise proposals for energy saving and reduction of carbon emissions in the future in Beijing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evolution of China's industrial structure and regional disparities in energy consumption intensity WANG Fei, DONG Suocheng, MAO Qiliang 2013, 32 (4):  522-531.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1454KB) ( )   Save To implement China's 12th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Consumption Reduction, it is necessary to analyze the factors that impact energy consumption intensity across the regions in China. Many scholars have studied the changes of China's energy consumption intensity and provincial differences. This paper aims to investigate the impact of energy-consuming characteristic of industry structure on the disparities of the regional energy consumption intensity. The paper analyzes the change tendency of the national energy consumption intensity from 1985 to 2008. It has been found that the disparities of regional energy consumption intensity are consistent with the pattern of uneven economic development. The energy consumption of the developed areas with low-intensity continues the downward trend, while in the undeveloped areas with high-intensity there is only an indistinct downward trend. By using industrial characteristic bias (ICB) index to describe the characteristic of industry energy consumption and the data of 29 manufacturing industries in the year 2008, the paper offers a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the regional energy consumption intensity and industrial structure. The results show that the regional energy consumption intensity is closely related to the industry structure which in turn is influenced by the evolving regional specialization. The industry structure of high energy consumption causes the high energy intensity of the region. In addition, the paper also employed regression analysis model to analyze the impact of energy-consuming characteristic of industry structure on the disparities of the regional energy consumption intensity. The analysis showed that the change of the regional industry structure which was brought about by the evolution of regional specialization in recent years made a significant impact on the pattern of the disparities of the energy consumption intensity in different regions of China. In recent years, the central and western regions undertook the high energy-consuming industries from the eastern region because of the resources superiority. So the industry structure of the eastern region has become biased toward lower energy-consumption, while the industry structure of the western region shows higher energy-consuming characteristic. At the end, this paper brings forward some suggestions on the energy conservation and consumption reduction policies. The government should have a correct understanding of the laws of the industrial structure evolution and economic development stages. When making the policies of saving energy and breaking down the target of consumption reduction, the government should not set definite goals but take effective measures in different regions based on the changes in the characteristics of the region's energy consumption intensity, in order to make good use of regional advantages, strengthen regional cooperation, optimize energy resource allocation and reach the target of energy conservation and consumption reduction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Parameter uncertainty of HIMS model and its influence factor analysis LIU Lifang, LIU Changming, WANG Zhonggen, JIANG Yan, ZHANG Yongqiang, SANG Yanfang, WANG Hu 2013, 32 (4):  532-537.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (902KB) ( )   Save Parameter uncertainty of hydrological model and its influence factor analysis have important significance in hydrological forecasting for ungauged basins. In this paper, the parameter uncertainty of HIMS model was examined by employing generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) method based on the simulation results of daily rainfall runoff data from the three catchments in Australia, and the influence factors of HIMS model parameters were discussed. It was found that parameters of HIMS model were all sensitivity parameters. And then the parameters distribution of HIMS model and the physical attributions in different catchments were compared. The results showed that the value of soil moisture storage capacity (Wsm) in the catchment was related to the precipitation, forest coverage and available water capacity in lay 1. As the precipitation, forest coverage and available water capacity in lay 1 rising, the value of Wsm increased. The larger values of runoff generation coefficient (R) and (r) in the catchment were due to the large soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and high forest coverage. The value of actual evapotranspiration coefficient (ε) was large in the catchment with low temperature and forest coverage. The value of Muskingum model coefficient (C2) was large when soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and forest coverage were high. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review on parallel computing of distributed hydrological models LIU Junzhi, ZHU A-Xing, QIN Chengzhi, CHEN Lajiao, WU Hui, JIANG Jingchao 2013, 32 (4):  538-547.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (846KB) ( )   Save High resolution distributed hydrological simulations over large watersheds require very large amounts of computations, which cannot be provided by sequential computation techniques on which existing hydrological models were developed. So parallel computing of distributed hydrological models is needed. In this paper, we first analyzed the parallelizability of distributed hydrological models from three angles (spatial, temporal and sub-process) and pointed out that spatial domain decomposition is the preferred approach to parallel computing of distributed hydrological models. According to spatial relationships among simulation units, distributed hydrological models, as well as simulation methods for hydrological processes, are classified into different types. Then, current studies on parallel computing of distributed hydrological models were introduced. For most current studies on parallel computing using spatial domain decomposition methods, sub-basin was adopted as the basic scheduling unit for parallel computing. The temporal-spatial discretization method proved the feasibility of parallel computing utilizing parallelization from the temporal angle. Last, the key technologies and future research directions were discussed in the following aspects: 1) parallel algorithms; 2) parallel computing framework for integrated watershed system simulations; 3) high performance input/output for parallel computing of distributed hydrological models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Variation of West Kunlun Mountains glacier during 1990-2011 LI Chengxiu, YANG Taibao, TIAN Hongzhen 2013, 32 (4):  548-559.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (6460KB) ( )   Save Mountain glaciers are a potential climate indicator because they are sensitive to climate changes. The water released from Kunlun Mountains glaciers is the major source of stream flow to the Tarim Basin and nearly 6.3milion people who live in the oasis of Tarim Basin rely on the glacier runoff. Remote sensing has proved to be the best method of investigating the extent of glacial variations in remote mountainous areas. Using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information system (GIS) technologies, we analyzed glacier changes in the Western Kunlun Mountains on the Northwestern Tibetan Plateau. The satellite images (Landsat TM, ETM+) from 1990 to 2011 were used to extract the extent of the glaciers. The results indicated that there was no significant change in glacier area in the study area as a whole, and the glacier area decreased about 16.83 km2 (0.65%) over the 22 years. But the glacier changes were not homogeneous. The changes in single glacier area have differed among the study regions, and some glaciers advanced while other glaciers retreated. ZhongFeng glacier advanced at 661 m/a from 2002 to 2004 and we infer that the ZhongFeng glacier is a surge glacier. Chongce glacier advanced at 200 m/a from 1991 to 1998 and the glacier area increased 9.47 km2. This glacier is characteristic of surge glacier. The temperature showed an increasing trend from 1960 to 2010, while precipitation increased slightly. The Guliya ice core indicates that the temperature and precipitation increased after twenty century. The increase in air temperature resulted in the slight glacier recession. The low retreat rate of the glaciers may be due to two factors: the large scale of the glaciers and the increasing precipitation accompanied by strengthening westerlies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Spatial diversity characteristics of comprehensive control ability for water environmental pollution in the Huaihe River Basin ZHOU Liang, XU Jiangang, JIANG Jinliang, YUAN Yanhua, SUN Dongqi 2013, 32 (4):  560-569.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (10883KB) ( )   Save The social-economic web survey and water environmental data of 35 cities in 2010 of Huaihe River Basin are adopted in the study.On the basis of highlighting the dominant factors and the operational principle, entropy value method system is chosen to construct the comprehensive evaluation system of prevention and control for water pollution. Entropy weight method is adopted to evaluate water pollution control ability of cities and the GIS spatial analysis method is used to explore the overall and partial spatial difference, characteristics and laws of water pollution prevention and control in Huaihe River Basin, and classify the prevention and control ability of the basin.The results show that: ① The prevention and control ability for water pollution is generally low in Huaihe River Basin, and presents significant spatial difference. The basin on the whole shows step trend of the prevention and control ability, main stream higher than tributary, downstream higher than midstream, midstream higher than upstream. ② In the basin, the control ability of the economically developed area is obviously higher than that of the less developed regions, the capital cities much higher than the ordinary cities. ③ The comprehensive control ability for water pollution of the river basin highly matches with the actual measurement of water quality spatial distribution. Generally, water quality is good in the regions with high control ability, and poor in the regions with low control ability. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review of spatial optimization algorithms in BMPs placement at watershed scale WU Hui, LIU Yongbo, ZHU A-Xing, YANG Dianhua, LIU Junzhi 2013, 32 (4):  570-579.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (598KB) ( )   Save Best Management Practices (BMPs) are practical, cost-effective for reducing nutrients, pesticides, animal waste, and other pollutant loadings from their source area to receiving water bodies. It is essential to combine environmental benefits and economic cost in the design of BMPs placement within a watershed, and the optimization of BMPs placement has become one of the forefront and hot spot of current agricultural environment studies. The optimal BMP selection is, therefore, to utilize watershed modeling techniques and optimization algorithms for obtaining a cost-effective BMP placement within a watershed. This paper provides a systematic review on the current BMPs optimization studies. Firstly, we briefly introduce the BMPs and hydrologic models for BMPs assessment. Next, the current methods of BMPs optimization both in China and abroad are summarized. Finally, the key problems and future perspectives in the field of BMPs optimization, including BMPs interactions in space, computational bottlenecks, and uncertainties, are discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evaporation study in Beijing Section of the Yongding River ZHANG Shifeng, WANG Cuicui, MENG Xiujing, HUA Dong, MEN Baohui, LI Zhifei 2013, 32 (4):  580-586.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (2616KB) ( )   Save Evaporation study in Beijing section of the Yongding River is of great significance to the ecological corridor construction since the Yongding River is recognized as the mother river of Beijing. Several methods are used to calculate water surface evaporation, potential evaporation and actual evaporation in Beijing, China. The research result indicates that water surface evaporation in Beijing is 1182 mm, potential evaporation is 969 mm, and actual evaporation from 1999 to 2009 was 494 mm, while the actual evaporation is 371 mm in the mountainous area, and 425 mm in the plain area when no irrigation is applied. Comparison study is undertaken to the adaptability of the different evaporation method and formula. The Hongjialian formula developed by the Chinese academy of Sciences is applicable to the free water evaporation, and the results of Shichengxi formula and Zaikov formula are close to the measured result. Meanwhile the result by Penman formula is bigger. The cause of which is due to the dynamic part estimate in Penman formula. The correlation analysis and root-mean-square error (RMSE) is used to verify the research results. The average value and RMSE analysis show that the Hongjialian formula is the best way to simulate the water surface evaporation although the correlation analysis shows that the Shichengxi formula is a suitable way. The applicable Potential evaporation method is Presley-Taylor in this study. The results of UN-FAO formula, Hargreves formula, and equilibrium method are not suitable to the result in Beijing. As to the actual evaporation, the Fubaopu method is adapted to the research since it is verified by water balance result. While Zhanglu method and Turc method can be adjusted to each other, but the result of Takahashi Kouichiro is very close to the Fubaopu's result. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Identification of impact of climate change on annual runoff in typical basins of different climate zones MENG Dejuan, MO Xingguo 2013, 32 (4):  587-594.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (2109KB) ( )   Save Influences of climate factors on runoff are obvious, while the sensitivities of runoff to climate factors show significant variability in spatial distribution. In this paper, three basins are chosen including Songhua River Basin (SRB), Ziya River Basin (ZRB) and Xitiao River Catchment (XRC) which are located in semi-humid and humid area. In these basins, annual runoff is simulated with a Budyko-type equation, and contribution of each climate factor to runoff and potential evapotranspiration change is separated by Attribution Analysis, and finally, the differences among typical basins are evaluated. It showed that precipitation change contributed more than potential evapotranspiration to runoff change during 1960-2008. Moreover, contribution of climate factors to potential evapotranspiration ranked as temperature (T)>wind speed (U)>vapor pressure (ea)>sunshine duration (S) in SRB and ZRB, and T>S>U>ea in XRC. Due to the integrated action of climate factors, annual runoff decreased with the change rate of -0.48 mm a-2 and -1.51 mm a-2 in SRB and ZRB respectively, and it increased with change rate of 1.42 mm a-2 in XRC. This paper can not only deepen the understanding of the mechanism how the climate change affect runoff, and also provide the scientific basis for water resources management in basins'scale under the changing climate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Formation of the Yellow River terraces around the Ordos Plateau and its relationship with uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau CHEN Xiaolong, FAN Tianlai, ZHANG Fu, FAN Yuxin 2013, 32 (4):  595-605.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (2985KB) ( )   Save Tectonic movement and climatic change are two fundamental factors for the formation of river terraces. However no consistent point of view was reached at present to end the argument between climatic change and tectonic movement which was considered to be the dominant factor controlling the formation of river terraces. By focusing on the river terraces flowing along the Yellow River around the Ordos Plateau, this paper attempts to figure out the controlling factor to the formation of the Yellow River terraces through chronological comparison among which of river terraces formation, uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and transition period from glacial to interglacial. The comparison indicates a fact that most of terraces along the present Yellow River channel around the Ordos Plateau were formed synchronously with tectonic movements around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, no clear relations can be found between the transitional time span from glacial to interglacial period and formation of the Yellow River terraces. Such a comparison supports the idea that the driving force for the formation of river terraces around the Ordos Plateau was tectonic movements instead of climatic change. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review on modeling of tropical cyclone rainfall LI Ying, FANG Weihua 2013, 32 (4):  606-617.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (527KB) ( )   Save China is one of the countries severely suffering from tropical cyclone (TC) disaster. Accurate rainfall modeling is of great significance for TC disaster risk assessment. From the perspective of TC disaster risk assessment, the methods of rainfall modeling can be classified into three categories, such as extreme rainfall modeling based on extreme value theory, stochastic space-time rainfall modeling based on ground station data, and TC rainfall event modeling based on stochastic TC tracks. This paper analyzes the demand of rainfall modeling for TC disaster risk assessment, and then reviews the principles, procedures, improvements and features of the three types of models. It is concluded that TC rainfall modeling for disaster risk assessment needs to integrate both the common features in rainfall modeling and the special requirements for TC rainfall simulation, in order to achieve a good balance among accuracy of TC rainfall, reliability of statistical results and computational costs. TC rainfall modeling should be based upon extreme value theory for long-term catastrophe risk analysis, and stochastic models are ideal for site-specific rainfall time series simulation, while stochastic TC rainfall event simulation, as the most advanced method, still needs further study in the areas such as rainfall mechanism and spatial structure, etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Spatial differences of agri-technique diffusion environment in Northwestern China: A case study of counties in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia region YU Zhengsong, LI Tongsheng, LI Xianbo, SUN Dongqi 2013, 32 (4):  618-626.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (1381KB) ( )   Save The agricultural technology diffusion is a complex system which is composed of technology centers, technology receivers and diffusion environment. The diffusion environment is a multidimensional synthesis, and as a external influence factor of the agricultural technology diffusion, it plays an important role in the diffusion. The development level and the spatial pattern effect the direction, speed and the mode of the diffusion. Therefore, the special analysis of the agricultural technology diffusion environment for the specific regions is meaningful to the understanding of these regions'agri-technique diffusion. The quantification and evaluation of the agri-technique diffusion environment can provide many beneficial references to the diffusion. This paper take the 169 counties in Shaanxi-Gansu- Ningxia region as the research objects, choose the 12 main indices, and use the principal component analysis to description the gap among the 169 counties. Then uses the spatial analysis provided by GeoDa to reveal the spatial characteristics. The result shows that there are three main factors affect the agri-technique diffusion environment, includes the agriculture output efficiency and cultural atmosphere, agricultural resources conditions, agricultural input level; the agri-technique diffusion environment in 169 counties has significant differences and geographical spatial agglomeration;“ hot-spots”counties concentrate on Guanzhong region, Hexi corridor and the irrigated area by Yellow River in north Ningxia province, the most“cold-spots”counties are located in middle and north part of Gansu province; the space differentiations of the environment of agri-technique diffusion of Northwest China are mainly caused by the spatial differences of the natural conditions and the social economy and culture. The results of the study tell us that we must do something to optimize the agri-technique diffusion environment: using the space connection to achieve collaborative optimization; paying more attention to the ecological environment construction and developing sustainable agriculture; promoting rural social culture construction and optimizing the social environment of the diffusion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Uncertainty of ensemble winter wheat yield simulation in North China based on CMIP5 YANG Xuan, TANG Xu, CHEN Baode, TAN Yan, TIAN Zhan 2013, 32 (4):  627-636.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (7957KB) ( )   Save The uncertainty of the influence of climate change on the North China's winter wheat yield is estimated by using the ensemble climate projections of CMIP5 and the probability of increase or reduction of the wheat yield in main production areas is analyzed. We combined 54 runs of projections from 15 global climate models of CMIP5 under different greenhouse gas emission scenarios in 2006-2030. Meanwhile, the CERES-Wheat was employed to stimulate the North China's winter wheat yield in the future. The results indicate that the projection of precipitation and solar radiation in future climate by the climate models has the largest uncertainty. Take the three representative points as an example: although in some years the yield will increases slightly, the fluctuation of winter wheat yield from year to year can be significant. An increased risk of lower yield is inevitable. And the probabilistic distributions of winter wheat yield in Middle and Eastern China during 2011-2030 over 2000, 4000, 6000, 8000, and 10000 kg/hm2 are elaborated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Agricultural region type identification and its spatio-temporal evolution characteristics:A case study of sampling belt along G106 in China LU Shasha, GUAN Xingliang, LIU Yansui, HE Chao 2013, 32 (4):  637-648.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (9847KB) ( )   Save By the methods of Land Use Dynamic Degree, Land Use Advantage Degree, Gravity Center Curve and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis, and based on the data of 1996, 2000and 2009 of 151 spatial units in transect area along G106,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristic of the agricultural region type and its driving force were identified. The results are shown as follows: (1) from 1988 to 2009, the socio-economic conditionsfor agricultural developmenthad a gradual regional distribution pattern, dropping from northern counties to southern counties. (2) Thechanges of farmland use structure, mode and intensity were significant.Cultivated land sharplydecreased by 326.17×103 hm2.Cultivated lands in northern counties and mountainous and hilly areas decreased faster than that in southern counties andtraditional agricultural areas; garden land and forest land gradually concentrated to the advantageous areas; and pastureland changed inconspicuously. The reclamation index was declined; the population supporting capacity of cultivated landwas increased; andthe irrigated landoccupied a large proportion. (3) Agriculture remained the main sector, followed by animal husbandry, forestry and fishery. The fruit and vegetable output occupieda large proportion. The gravity trajectory of output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery showed that the eastern plain counties tooksuperior agricultural development advantages to the western mountainous and hilly counties,while the western mountainous and hilly counties took comparative advantage in animal husbandry development over the eastern plains counties. Forestry development underwent an increasing trend from southern counties to northern counties, and fishery development concentrated in southern counties. (4) Agricultural input and output efficiency increased year by year. (5) It is concluded that natural resource endowments, demographic change, economic growth, technological innovation and policy regime were the main drivers of agricultural region type spatio-temporal pattern changein transect area along G106. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Comprehensive evaluation and spatial distinction of land use efficiency around Bohai Rim in China WANG Guogang, LIU Yansui, FANG Fang 2013, 32 (4):  649-656.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (6191KB) ( )   Save Multi-function of land use determined its diverse efficiency. While, there are fewer studies which evaluated land use efficiency based on comprehensive measurement at the regional scale. It is time to carry out similar studies. The arm of this paper is to compare the main benefit of land use at different counties around Bohai Rim. At first; we constructed evaluation index system of land use efficiency, benefit measurement index, and coupling degree models. And then, we analyzed social, economic and ecological benefits of land use and its temporal- spatial coordination characteristics at the county level around Bohai Rim, which is chosen as a case study area. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. (1) It is quite obvious that land use benefits presented characteristics of spatial distinction and agglomeration. High economic value zone distributed in coastal area and inland plain area, while high ecological value zone in the basin of northwest Hebei mountains, Hebei Bashang Plateau, and mountain areas of Liaoning. (2) Based on the analysis of coupling degree models, the stage of running areas had the most numbers, which is accounting for 63.9% of the total units. (3) Coupling degree indexes showed that minor imbalance areas occupied leading position, the second is the primary coordinating regional, which are accounting for 51.09% and 31.76% of the total areas, respectively. So, it needs to put forward to control these regional problems. These measures, including dividing land use zone which can make the leading function of county land use clearly, making different land use policy, enhancing land management and planning, establishing and perfecting interest coordination and compensation mechanisms, are comprehensive ways to solve the coordination of land use benefits. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Research progress and tendency of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China HE Renwei, LIU Shaoquan, CHEN Guojie, XIE Fangting, YANG Xiaojia, LIANG Lan 2013, 32 (4):  657-670.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (985KB) ( )   Save Carrying on the research of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household has great significance to eliminating poverty and promoting the social and economic sustainable development in rural areas. Based on consulting extensive related literature, this paper elaborates the definition of sustainable livelihoods firstly and briefly describes foreign research progress of it. Then, the research progress of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China is summarized from the research contents, research technologies and methodologies. The summary of recent research achievements concerns five topics: (1) research on livelihood assets; (2) research on livelihood strategies; (3) research on livelihood vulnerability; (4) research on transforming structures and processes of the institutions,organizations,policies and legislation; and (5) research on the interrelation between the livelihood of peasant household and the ecological environment. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the domestic research progress of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household above, this paper argues that the main trends of Chinese future research on sustainable livelihoods for peasant household should be as follows: (1) interdisciplinary, integrated and systematic research on sustainable livelihoods for peasant household; (2) integrated research using new technologies and dynamic research; (3) research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household and poverty; (4) research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household under the new situation of rural-urban transformation in China; and (5) research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in the key areas. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration and driving mechanism: A cass study of Bailin village in Chongqing LI Xiaoqing, WANG Cheng, WANG Liping, JIANGWei, XIONG Chuanming 2013, 32 (4):  671-680.  doi: 10.11820/dlkxjz.2013.04.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (1136KB) ( )   Save Rural settlement integration as the important content of the integration of rural governance.At the time, it should be contact with the rural residential building at last long time,in the space it should must the needs of different farmer's production and life demand, and we must consider the space levels of the village. So the coupling of respect the farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration and give play to the effect of rural residential integration related to the improvement of farmers'production and living conditions, and it has became the focus of rural settlement integration and effectively solve the people's livelihood problem. This study took Bailin Village in Chongqing as an example, adopting the methods of‘PRA+3S', constructed a database integrated the spatial characteristics of‘farmers-land'and development trend of future livelihood dynamic to quantize farmers'livelihood assets, analyzed different types of farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration and dynamic mechanism. The results of this study showed that: Different types of farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration have significant differences, generally the order of 5 types of farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration strength is: non-agricultural specialization development type (72.82%)>non-agricultural diversification farmer type(49.66%)>part-time development type(44.44%)>agricultural specialization type(36.84%)>agricultural diversification development type (37.33%); Farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration is the driving asymptotic outcome of the push-pull power from farmers'economy, living environment, social interaction and policy factors, it embodies the result of game between farmers'endogenous power and external environment; The farmers'future livelihood source and income changes, living conditions, neighborhood relations, perception of social status are the important driving mechanism of forming farmers'rural settlement integration aspiration, and farmers'future livelihood security is the key of rural settlement integration. References | Related Articles | Metrics