Digital empowerment for the deep integration of rural culture and tourism is an important initiative for the upgrading of rural industries and the comprehensive revitalization of the rural areas in the context of the digital economy. Taking Wusi Village in Zhejiang Province as an example, this study applied the actor network theory to explore the process and mechanism of the deep integration of rural culture and tourism based on digital empowerment. The results show that: 1) The deep integration of rural culture and tourism based on digital empowerment in Wusi Village is a dynamic process in which multiple subjects participate and play with each other in three stages: initial exploration, rapid development, and deep integration. In the process of the deep integration of rural culture and tourism based on digital empowerment in Wusi Village, the village committee continues to play a key role, the role of market players such as cultural and tourism enterprise is gradually increasing, and the degree of association of rural residents with the network of actors is gradually deepening. 2) The deep integration of rural culture and tourism based on digital empowerment in Wusi Village is driven by a dynamic circular mechanism consisting of the rural core system and the peripheral system as the integration basis, digital technology and digital platform as the integration support, governmental, societal, and local forces formed by the interaction of multiple actors as the integration actor, and the deep integration of the rural cultural and tourism resources, products, industries, factors, markets, and values as the integration content. 3) The high-level cyclic development of the deep integration of rural culture and tourism based on digital empowerment is the result of the release of strong effects of both the mechanisms of action and reaction of the integration support and integration actor, and that of the integration actor and integration content. This study provides a theoretical basis and empirical experience for the high-quality development of rural digital cultural tourism, the upgrading of rural industries, and comprehensive rural revitalization.

Scene theory provides a new theoretical perspective for deepening research of cultural and tourism integration. This study used the scene theory as a theoretical analysis tool, summarizing the research value of cultural and tourism scenes, proposing the theoretical connotation and logic of cultural and tourism scenes, and identifying the research direction of cultural and tourism scenes. The research findings are as follows: 1) The research value of cultural and tourism scenes is reflected in placing the cultural and tourism industries in the same dynamic and complete system, and the differentiated scenes formed are conducive to implementing heterogeneous cultural and tourism integrative development strategies. 2) The theoretical connotation of cultural and tourism scenes includes four parts: First, concrete substance is an important foundation for the existence of cultural and tourism scenes. Second, the unique cultural value is contained in cultural and tourism scenes. Third, cultural values are the core components of cultural and tourism scenes. Last, the construction of cultural and tourism scenes becomes the driving force for culture and tourism integration. 3) The theoretical logic of cultural and tourism scenes is formed by the interaction of three dimensions: local originality, symbolic perception, and value expression. 4) Future research on cultural and tourism scenes should focus on the theoretical connotation and contemporary value of cultural and tourism scenes, the expression of cultural value in cultural and tourism scenes, the pattern recognition and operation mechanism of cultural and tourism scenes, and the application of digital technology in cultural and tourism scenes. The research can provide a theoretical basis and scenario application reference for promoting the development of culture and tourism integration.

Rhythmmanalysis, as an important theory in geographic research, has received extensive attention in the international academic community, but has not yet been fully emphasized in the Chinese academic community. This article first defined the connotation of Henri Lefebvre's concept of rhythm, and explained the theoretical connotation and inner connection of polyrhytmia, arrhythmia, eurhythmia, dressage, and isorhythmia in the theory of rhythm analysis; second, it systematically reviewed the rhythm research of the international geography community in the dimensions of the subject, the place, and the mobility. The article further discussed the deep insight of rhythm analysis in understanding the interactions between human activities and geographical space. Third, the article explored two theoretical perspectives of rhythm analysis—a localized time and a temporalized place—and explained the differences and connections between them in terms of research focus. Ultimately, rhythmanalysis, as a humanistic research method, pays attention to the comprehensive development of individuals, offering new theoretical perspectives and research methodologies for issues such as life rhythm, cultural rhythm, and ecological rhythm within the context of contemporary China. The article posits that the localization and modernization of the theory of rhythm analysis will provide a scientific guidance for the theoretical innovation of human geography practice in China, and is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of society and the comprehensive development of human beings.

Administrative divisions are an important part of the national system of governance, and the related adjustments have become an important tool for optimizing the administrative management system, improving the effectiveness of national governance, and promoting regional spatial reorganization. Among these adjustments, county-to-district conversion, as an important part of China's county-level administrative division adjustment from 1997, has become a hot topic that has attracted much attention in the study of administrative division. Based on existing studies, this article analyzed the change of county (city) abolition and establishment of districts from the aspects of progress, occurrence logic, assessment method, and multiple impacts in a comprehensive manner. We found that the number of counties (cities) converted to districts in China experienced a fluctuating increase and then a rapid decrease, followed by a rapid increase and then a gradual decrease, with an overall M-shaped temporal pattern, and 2000-2002 and 2014-2016 were the two peak periods of conversion. National policies provided the necessary conditions for county-to-district conversion, local demands promoted the implementation of the conversion, and the final adjustment was often the result of the game between multiple actors. The research methods became more diversified, but the relevant basic theories and methodological studies are relatively weak, and there is still a big gap between the status quo and the requirements of governance modernization. The conclusions of the existing studies on the economic and social benefits of county-to-district conversion are inconsistent, while that on the impact of ecological benefits is relatively uniform, that is, the quality of the regional ecological environment has been improved by the county-to-district conversion. In summary, this article argued that in the future there is an urgent need to strengthen the theoretical and methodological research on the setting up of administrative districts, reveal in depth the positive and negative effects of county-to-district conversion on the development of cities and regions, strengthen the analysis of the driving mechanism of county-to-district conversion, and examine the triggering conditions of county-to-district conversion, in order to provide references for the scientific improvement of decision making of local governments as well as the optimization and adjustment of the national policies on county-to-district conversion.

The digital economy has become the first driving force for the innovation-driven development of the cultural and tourism industry. Based on data from 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2011 to 2021, this study found that the digital economy can promote high-quality synergistic development of the cultural and tourism industry, the conclusion that remains valid after robustness tests. The digital economy has been a more significant driving factor within Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, between large cities and between large and small and medium-sized cities, and between the core areas and between core and non-core areas. There is no significant correlation between the national smart tourism pilot cities and non-pilot cities in terms of high-quality synergistic development of the digital economy and the cultural and tourism industry. Mechanism tests showed that the digital economy can promote high-quality synergistic development of the cultural and tourism industry through channels such as promoting cultural and tourism product innovation and enhancing market potential. Further research found that the development of the digital economy in the Shanghai metropolitan area has narrowed the gap in the development of the cultural and tourism industry in various cities, while the existence of the "digital divide" in non-metropolitan areas has exacerbated the imbalance in the cultural and tourism industry. The conclusions have important implications for various types of subjects to cultivate the digital economy as a new force for the development of the cultural and tourism industry, and thus optimize the spatial pattern of high-quality synergistic development of the cultural and tourism industry enabled by the digital economy.

Under the background of high-quality urban development in Chinese-style modernization, building open, diverse, and resilient livable community life circles has become an important aspect of the sustainable development of future cities and the improvement of residents' quality of life and sense of well-being. The spatial and temporal optimization of facilities in community life circles is an important direction for urban renewal and transformation. This study took the Dangdai-Yimei community life circle—an area located in the suburb of Beijing—as a case study area, and combined spatial syntactic modeling with spatiotemporal characteristics of residents' daily activities. By conducting a spatial environment evaluation at the scale of urban community life circle, we put forward recommendations for spatial optimization. The study found that space with high availability in spatial syntactic measurement results is usually rarely used in residents' daily life due to access control management, behavioral needs, work arrangements and other factors. The fact that residents indirectly use facilities in other communities reveals the need for sharing of space between communities. Within the community life circle, there are shortcomings such as inadequate facility allocation and insufficient public spaces. Shopping facilities are located far from residential areas, leading to fewer shopping activities within the community life circle. The lack of leisure spaces forces residents to use the major transportation hub as leisure spaces. Finally, the low activity of working professionals within the community life circle during weekday evenings reflects the inadequacy of spatial flexibility planning. We recommend that in the future, human behavioral needs should be integrated with the spatial structure characteristics of the built environment in communities. This includes advocating for increased openness and sharing between communities within community life circles, diversifying the functions of public spaces, and appropriately adding flexible activity spaces. These efforts aim to create more livable and harmonious living activity spaces.

Exploring the impact of urban morphology on the thermal environment is crucial for implementing sustainable urban planning and improving thermal conditions of cities. However, current research on the multiscale analysis of the heterogeneity in urban morphology's thermal environmental effects at the community scale is still insufficient, and the process of effectively integrating research findings into urban planning and management practices also faces numerous challenges. This study focused on the Nankai District, a typical high-density urban area in Tianjin Municipality, and used the building vector data and Landsat 8 remote sensing imagery to quantify urban morphology and land surface temperatures during the summer at the community scale. It integrated the multiscale geographically weighted regression and K-means clustering methods to investigate the spatial heterogeneity of urban morphology's impact on land surface temperatures and to perform cluster zoning. The results revealed that: 1) The summer land surface temperatures in Nankai District exhibited a high in the north and low in the south distribution with significant spatial autocorrelation, forming high-high and low-low aggregation patterns. 2) The multiscale geographically weighted regression model significantly outperformed ordinary least squares and geographically weighted regression models in fitting and explaining the relationship between urban morphology and land surface temperatures. 3) The impact of urban morphology factors on summer land surface temperatures showed multiscale spatial heterogeneity, with influences ranking from highest to lowest as follows: building density > normalized difference vegetation index > floor area ratio > building volume density, where building density and building volume density contributed to higher temperatures, whereas the normalized difference vegetation index and floor area ratio had a notable cooling effect. 4) Clustering based on the spatial heterogeneity of urban morphology indicators affecting summer land surface temperatures allowed the study area to be divided into three distinct regions, which enabled the formulation of differentiated planning strategies. The findings of this study provide a basis for optimizing community thermal environments. Moreover, effectively integrating multiscale geographically weighted regression and K-means clustering methods offers new perspectives and methodological frameworks for urban thermal environment research and related fields.

Global warming has led to accelerated changes in the global hydrological cycle, resulting in an increasing number of extreme events and compound events in which multiple extreme events occur simultaneously or consecutively, and are more hazardous than a single extreme event. The Yangtze River Basin has always been one of the areas with the most frequent extreme weather and climate events and disasters in China and has also experienced more severe compound events in recent years due to global changes, which has seriously constrained ecological protection and high-quality development in the region. The Yangtze River Basin is one of the most populous and economically developed regions in China, and climate change and human activities have significantly affected the distribution of water and heat conditions in the region. Therefore, taking the Yangtze River Basin as an example and based on long-term historical observations and CMIP6 model prediction data, this study adopted the compound drought and heatwave magnitude index (CDHMI) to identify compound drought and heatwave events (CDHEs) in the Yangtze River Basin, used cumulative probability density curves to classify the intensity of CDHEs, and explored the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of the compound drought and heatwave events as well as the future trends. Meanwhile, to ensure the accuracy of the data, the applicability of the 23 CMIP6 models in the Yangtze River Basin was assessed using three evaluation metrics, which improved the credibility of future CDHEs predictions. Finally, the spatial changes of CDHEs in the Yangtze River Basin under different future scenarios were characterized based on a multi-model ensemble of 23 CMIP6 data. The results of the study show that: 1) During the historical period, the frequency and duration of CDHEs showed a non-significant increasing trend. The frequency and duration of CDHEs were the highest in July, at 0.511 times and 3.59 days, respectively. The frequency of mild CDHEs was the highest in the historical period, with an annual average frequency of 0.4 times, which mainly occurred in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the Hengduan Mountains, and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. 2) Among the 23 CMIP6 models, INM-CM4-8, ACCESS-ESM1-5, NESM3, NorESM2-LM, and INM-CM5-0 are the five most suitable models for the Yangtze River Basin after bias correction. 3) In the future, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin will be the areas with high frequency and long duration of CDHEs, and the annual average frequency and duration of CDHEs by the NorESM2-LM model are the highest. The results of the five models and multi-modal ensemble also show small differences between scenarios in the short term and medium term and significant differences in the long term. In the long term of SSP5-8.5, the average annual frequency of CDHEs would increase by 2.3 times and 1.8 times, respectively, compared to the short term and medium term under the same scenario. The duration was 29.9 days and 21.3 days higher than that of SSP1-2.6 and SSP2-4.5 during the same period. The average annual frequency of mild CDHEs is the highest for all three scenarios, and all severity events should peak at SSP5-8.5. This findings can provide scientific and technical support to actively mitigate future climate change risks in the Yangtze River Basin.

The study of administrative center relocation integrates perspectives from a wide range of fields, including geography, history, economics, politics, and environmental studies. Exploring the historical development and future trends of administrative center relocation is crucial for enhancing the scientific, normative, and effective setting of administrative divisions and for promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. This study systematically analyzed relevant Chinese and international publications through a comprehensive literature review and bibliometric analysis, elucidating the conceptual attributes, thematic evolution, main research findings, and future development trends of administrative center relocation research. The study found that the motivations for relocating administrative centers are deeply rooted in supporting national strategic development. There is an interactive relationship between research findings and national policies, effectively promoting the deepening and expansion of the field of administrative division studies. The historical continuity and interdisciplinary nature of research on administrative center relocation provide rich perspectives and methodologies for the study. Given the differences in the stages of socioeconomic development and administrative systems between international and Chinese contexts, international experiences imply that China needs to adopt a dialectical approach based on its specific national conditions to develop a research path with distinctive Chinese characteristics. This involves critically analyzing international case studies and adapting the lessons learned to fit China's unique sociopolitical and economic landscape. In the process of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, it is essential to strengthen the evaluation of the effects and underlying mechanisms of administrative center relocation. This includes a thorough scientific assessment of relocation plans, focusing on their feasibility, potential benefits, and risks. By employing effective administrative division measures, regional sustainable development can be promoted, and the efficiency of national spatial governance can be enhanced. The conclusions of this study can provide theoretical references and practical guidance for research on the relocation of administrative centers in China, promoting in-depth academic research and methodological innovation in this field.

The social integration of the migrant population is an important indicator of the effectiveness of the household registration system reform and new urbanization, and is of great practical significance for the implementation of high-quality population development in the new era. Based on the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data, this study investigated the subjective social integration degree of China's migrant population from a binary analysis perspective of individual integration intention and perceived acceptance degree. It explored the spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors using the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. The following conclusions are drawn. 1) The subjective social integration degree of the migrant population was relatively low in the southeastern coastal and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau regions and relatively high in the northern, central, and Sichuan-Chongqing regions. The spatial patterns of individual integration intention and perceived acceptance degree were similar to the subjective social integration degree of the migrant population. 2) The subjective social integration of the migrant population was influenced by a combination of individual internal factors and external city factors. Individual integration intention showed a positive effect in southern and northwestern China and a negative effect in Shandong Province and surrounding areas, while perceived acceptance degree showed a global positive effect decreasing from north to south. Subjective social integration was also affected by a global gradient of age and distance of migration and a locally significant effect of gender, ethnic diversity, and economic level. The scale of spatial heterogeneity in the effects of the variables varied significantly, with spatial heterogeneity more pronounced for individual integration intention, perceived acceptance degree, and gender. 3) The effect of individual integration intention on subjective social integration degree was moderated by the negative spatial moderating effects of marriage, educational level, and migration time, as well as the positive spatial moderating effect of public services. The effect of perceived acceptance degree on subjective social integration degree was moderated by the negative spatial moderating effects of age and education level as well as the positive spatial moderating effects of marriage and public services. The study revealed the spatially nonstationary mechanism of subjective social integration of the migrant population, which provides more precise and optimized policies for the governance of the migrant population in each region based on the perspective of social integration.

To support the safe and effective growth of regions, resilient city networks should be built in metropolitan areas. Current research is focused on understanding how disaster risk propagates in city networks and assessing network resilience. This study developed a multiplex city network model composed of facility and function based on the fundamental concept of the city network, and investigated the functional, physical, and geographic relationships across networks. Second, we examined the resilience of the multiplex city network in terms of both the structure and function and the network as a whole and local areas. Third, we illustrated how disaster risks spread in the multiplex city network from three perspectives—propagation path, propagation process, and propagation impact, which establish a logical relationship between disaster impact and network resilience. Lastly, we proposed a three-step framework for assessing the resilience of multiplex city networks: modeling the multiplex city network, simulating risk propagation of the network, and using indicastors to measure the network's resilience. The feasibility and validity of the framework were verified by the case study of resilience assessment of the "road-people's flow" multiplex city network in the Wuhan metropolitan area under the impact of flooding. The case results demonstrate that as disaster risks spread through the network, certain cities' structural and functional status will alter, drawing attention to these changes as a means of enhancing network resilience. For instance, some cities and network paths will have much less connectedness and as a result, these cities should improve their own preparedness during the latent phase of disasters and recovery capacity during the mitigation phase. Certain cities and paths have an absorptive capability during the risk outbreak period that helps keep the city network operating as intended. This research offered a fresh look at the theory and methodology of city network resilience assessment that considers disaster risk transmission. It concentrated on the real requirements for the development of regional network security. By examining and altering the interactions between cities, the suggested framework can contribute to making city networks more resilient.

As China's economic and trade cooperation with Southeast Asia and other regions becomes increasingly close, accelerating the construction of the new western land-sea corridor and enhancing the quality and efficiency of logistics development is of great significance for promoting economic development and high-level opening-up in the inland areas of western China. This study focused on 30 urban units within the core coverage area of the new western land-sea corridor. Based on long-term statistical data, it employed the back propagation (BP) neural network model to predict the railway and highway freight volumes of each city after the completion of the main corridor. An improved gravity model was used to simulate the freight connections between cities under future corridor capacity conditions. Additionally, social network analysis was applied to compare the railway and highway logistics network structures before and after the completion of the corridor. The results indicate that: 1) The construction of the new western land-sea corridor helps reduce the railway and highway distances between cities in the core coverage area, increasing the total freight volume of each city. 2) Upon completion of the corridor, logistics connections between seaports and landports, such as Fangchenggang and Kunming facing Southeast Asia, and cities such as Chongqing and various provincial capitals, will be significantly strengthened. This will also promote the flow of goods to prefecture-level cities, leading to a hierarchical and integrated development pattern in the logistics network. 3) In terms of the distance reduction effect, changes in freight volume, and shifts in logistics network structure, the construction of the corridor has a stronger impact on the railway logistics network compared to the highway network. By comparing the changes in land logistics network patterns before and after the construction of the corridor, this study provides scientific insights for optimizing corridor layout, upgrading logistics networks, and promoting high-quality regional economic development.

The world is currently experiencing unprecedented changes, with frequent geopolitical conflicts, major public health incidents, extreme natural hazards and disasters, and other emergencies. The risks of the global grain supply chain are becoming increasingly prominent, and enhancing the resilience of the global grain supply chain has become a fundamental way to ensure the security and stability of the global grain supply chain. This study measured the resilience of international grain supply chains by identifying multidimensional supply chain network resilience measurement indicators based on the perspective of complex network. The characteristics of change of resilience and node anti-interference ability were analyzed. The results show that: 1) The global supply chains of rice and corn have a higher level of resilience, followed by the global supply chain of wheat, and the global supply chain of soybean has the lowest level of resilience. 2) The global supply chain networks of the four types of grain products are all resilient networks with fast recovery capacity and adaptability and their resilience levels have all improved. However, there are differences in their improvement levels, with soybeans, rice, wheat, and corn in descending order. 3) In the global supply chain network of the four types of grain products, China's anti-interference level is higher than the world average, but lower than the United States, and the anti-interference level of wheat and corn needs to be improved. The results of this study have important practical and theoretical significance for clarifying the resilience level and characteristics of change of the global grain supply chain, which may help enhance China's position and anti-interference ability in the global grain supply chain network.

When selecting investment locations, evaluating a region's or country's investment environment is crucial for enterprises. However, existing research often falls short of meeting the current practical needs of businesses. To address this gap, we conducted a field research and developed a comprehensive indicator system to assess Vietnam's investment environment across six key dimensions: factor endowment, infrastructure, industrial development, market conditions, financial environment, and institutional context. Based on this framework, we categorized Vietnam's investment environment, analyzed the key regions for investment and priority investment areas, and proposed four specific investment strategies. The study yielded vital findings: 1) Vietnam's investment environment across multiple dimensions—factor endowment, infrastructure, industrial development, market conditions, financial environment, and institutional context—generally falls within average to medium levels. There is a notable spatial distribution pattern where some areas show high local values, but the overall investment environment remains relatively poor. 2) The investment environment in Vietnam exhibits a clear spatial imbalance. Provinces such as Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi, Hai Phong, Binh Duong, Dong Nai, and Ba Ria-Vung Tau stand out, ranking above the national average. 3) Vietnam's investment environment can be categorized into five types: priority investment zones, key investment zones, general investment zones, potential investment zones, and cautious investment zones. The spatial distribution of these zones aligns with Vietnam's key economic regions, which are in the north and the south. 4) Investment preferences vary by region. The northern critical economic zone develops industries like electronics, machinery manufacturing, and new energy. In contrast, the southern critical economic zone focuses on industries such as textiles and garments, food processing, and high-tech sectors. This research provides a scientific basis for enterprise investment decisions in Vietnam, fosters China-Vietnam economic and trade cooperation, and supports the long-term development of a resilient China-Vietnam community with a shared future.

With the increased rate of urbanization, health problems resulting from the distant separation of jobs and housing as well as increased reliance on motorized travel have become increasingly prominent. As a healthy and sustainable mode of transportation, active travel holds significant positive potential for achieving the peak emission and carbon neutrality goals and realizing the Healthy China strategy. The impact of active travel on residents' physical health has garnered significant interest among scholars in geography, transportation, and urban planning. However, research on its impact on psychological health and well-being is still in an early stage. This study aimed to contribute to this area by providing a systematic summary of the empirical effects surrounding the relationship between urban active travel and psychological health and well-being, drawing on relevant journal publications in China and internationally. The results of our review show that the majority of the studies have confirmed the positive impacts of active travel on psychological health and well-being. However, these impacts were also moderated by personal and spatial factors, resulting in heterogeneity. Furthermore, this study found that the impact path of active travel on psychological health and well-being is complex, involving the joint action of multiple direct and indirect factors. The main action paths include: the direct effect of intrinsic characteristics, the mediation effect of individual physiological functions, the moderating effect of the physical environment, and the mediation effect of the social environment. In addition, psychological health and well-being can also have a feedback effect on active travel behaviors by influencing travel willingness. Finally, based on the current status of the research conducted, this article also put forward relevant recommendations for improvement, especially to provide new ideas for conducting similar research in China. These findings offer insights for promoting active travel through policy measures and urban planning strategies, and facilitating the research and development of healthy cities in China.

Nearby urbanization is a new urbanization development path relative to remote urbanization, which refers to the process in which the rural population migrates to small and medium-sized cities and towns near their home areas for employment and residence rather than to distant places. Under the background of new-type urbanization, the regional difference of nearby urbanization constitutes a significant part of China's overall regional urbanization disparities, and it will profoundly affect China's urbanization process and the coordinated development of the economy and society. In this study, we used Theil index nested decomposition and the spatial Markov chain model to analyze the overall difference and decomposition of China's nearby urbanization development, and describe the regional convergence pattern of China's nearby urbanization development in detail, focusing on the impact of spatial effects on the nearby urbanization. The results show that: 1) From 2000 to 2020, the overall difference of nearby urbanization level in China showed a trend of continuous narrowing, consistent with the gradual narrowing of the development direction of the country's regional nearby urbanization gap. The overall difference of the urbanization rate within provinces was the largest, followed by the urbanization rate within counties, and the urbanization rate within towns was the smallest. 2) From the perspective of scale decomposition, local urbanization and its three subtypes (provincial urbanization, county urbanization, and town urbanization) showed the largest differences within provinces. By comparing the inter-provincial differences in the four regions, the western region had the largest inter-provincial differences, while the other regions showed relatively small differences. Comparing the intra-provincial differences of the four regions, the differences in the western and central provinces were large, while the differences in the eastern and northeastern provinces were small. 3) With regard to convergence patterns, there were spatial convergence clubs for nearby urbanization and its decompostions in China. The development of nearby urbanization in China showed obvious spatial linkage effect with the surrounding environment, and there was a certain spatial spillover effect. The results imply that the regional inequality of nearby urbanization in China follows the neoclassical convergence hypothesis and will narrow in the long term. Overall, the regional inequality of nearby urbanization in China from 2000 to 2020 stemmed mainly from inter-provincial inequality, especially in the central and western regions. With the improvement of the development level and radiation capacity of central cities in central and western China, we should strengthen support for the economic development of secondary regional node cities and improvement of public service facilities in small towns. This study provides a scientific support for comprehensively grasping the regional differences of urbanization in China and scientifically formulating the strategic measures of differentiated urbanization.