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  • Original Articles
    LI Xiao jian, LI Qing chun
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    This paper reviews the main concepts on economic geography developed by Paul Krugman since the 1980s. Special attentions are given to three areas of his contributions: new trade theory, criticism on the five traditions of economic geography and spatial models of economic development. Finally, some comparisons are provided between Krugman’s ideas and the conventional economic geography.
  • Original Articles
    HU Shi xiong, JIN Chang xing
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    The progresses of experimental devices and skills on overland flow and hillslope processes are summarized in this paper. It shows that the tendency of rainfall simulated device and equipment is automation, large scale for whole slope experiment and mini type for field simulation. The content of experiment focus on rainfall splash, soil crusting processes, overland flow, rill erosion, gully erosion, and the benefit of soil erosion control. On the basis of reviewing abroad and domestic recent development of field plot experiment, the problems and futures of researching on these fields are put forward from experimental device and skill, experimental content, field plot observation. The main problems of experiment device include the apparatus of observing the velocity and depth of overland flow, and the laser mircoreliefmete. The field plot data should pay more attention to the processes of runoff and sediment yield, so as to study the mechanism of slope erosion and build the process based model of water erosion prediction. The problem urgent to be solved is the comparability between the field and laboratory data.
  • Original Articles
    SUN Feng hua
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    This paper employs the viewpoints of philosophy, geography, demography and developmental economics. It not only analyses and evaluates the theories of shift of rural surplus labour both in China and abroad, but also induces and summarizes experiential moulds of shift of rural surplus labour. Its purpose is to provide scientific theoretical bases and practial experiences to solve the problem of shift of rural surplus labour in China.
  • Original Articles
    SUN Bo, ZHAO Qi guo
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    Being important for evaluation of soil degradation, monitoring and assessment of soil quality is a sound basis for updating the designs of sustained soil management system. But now there is a lack of uniform indexes for evaluating soil quality changes, and the methods to integrate the main soil properties with soil management practice are also meager for the same purpose. In this paper, principles of selecting indexes for red soil quality evaluation are put forward firstly. And then an index system applicable to evaluating dynamic changes in red soil quality is approached from chemical, physical and biological aspects. Indexes used to conduct research on evaluation of red soil quality in hilly region of South China are reviewed. Besides, the methods from land assessment are chosen for evaluation of red soil quality, and some new methods for soil quality assessment in the world are outlined, too.
  • Original Articles
    BAI Yong ping
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    With the implementation of strategic decision of constructing the industrial belt along Beijing-Kowloon Railway in Ganzhou Prefecture, a large amount of investment from domestic and foreign has been made in this area. Based on factor analysis model , this paper focuses on the systematic analysis of various factors of investment environment of 7 county (or cities) within the range of industrial belt through selecting 6 aspects、32 factors and 58 indexes which can basically represent investment environment of the research area. The result shows that the systematic differentiation of infrastructure, economy and market is greater than that of society, resources and location. On the basis of this, regulation strategies about improving of investment environment of the industrial belt such as improving infrastructure, exploiting natural resources and tourist resources, enhancing circulation of commodities, introducing from outside investment, promoting reform of economic system and strengthening external propaganda are put forward.
  • Original Articles
    ZHANG Xian feng, CUI Wei hong
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    The dynamic monitoring of land use is an important routine work of land managers. Generally speaking, it consists of five components: ① actively identify the changes of land use; ② accurately and rapidly collect the spatial and attribute data of changing areas; ③ automatically update the land use spatial database; ④ computer based manage and organize land use information; ⑤ query, visualize and map the land data. Unfortunately, in most areas of China, land use maps are updated in traditional manual way, in which paper and cards are main media for data representation. Obviously it lacks flexibility in data management and needs a long term mapping period. Secondly, in traditional way land use change can’t be identified actively. Furthermore, it is time consuming and cost consuming in routine surveying ways. In order to satisfy the practical use, a new approach to dynamic monitoring of land use change is proposed based on the integration of RS, GIS and GPS technologies. Remote sensing technology, which has made great progress in many applied fields, can provide an efficient means for active identification of land use change. Because the resolution of remotely sensed data is not enough for mapping land use map at a large scale, differential GPS is necessary for accurately collecting change data in the field. The GPS receivers Magellan ProMark X-CM are selected to organize differential GPS system, which includes one base station and several mobile surveying GPS receivers. Considering cost, those data GPS received are based on post differential processing way, not real time kinematic. The error of post processing data is less than 2 meters, so they can satisfy mapping requirement at 1∶10 000 scale. By integrating both RS and GPS data into GIS, change data layer can be created. By means of spatial analysis tools of GIS, the change layer can be overlaid with historical land use data, and dynamic change information will be abstracted. This approach to dynamic monitoring of land use is a fully digital operation, so it makes best use of computer and GIS to manage, display, query and map the land use data. In our pilot area of Jiaoqu County in Inner Mongolia, the procedure is established and carried out. Compared with the traditional way, our new approach saves time about 60% and labors 50%. The resultant data collected by GPS are more accurate than those collected in traditional way. The users are very satisfied with our research work and they decided to adopt this new approach to accomplish the annual land use dynamic updating of Baotou City.
  • Original Articles
    WANG Xiao dong, CUI Wei hong
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    The Digital Earth(DE) is based on Geographical Information Science (GISci), which is formed by the promotion of research into Global Change (GC) and Sustainable Development (SD) strategy. On the other hand, DE will accelerate the development of GISci. DE will deeply affect human society’s pattern of politics, economic, science and technology. It is difficult to give a clear definition of DE at present. But the core of DE should be recognized as a distributed, multi scale and 4 5 dimension GIS. TGIS is a key technology for implementing DE. At the moment, TGIS model can be researched according to two thoughts of comprehensive and decomposed model. Finally, TDBDML, a TGIS prototype based on decomposed thought, is described in detail.
  • Original Articles
    LI Jian xin, TANG Deng yin
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    Establishing protection zones for drinking water resources in China has become possible since May 11, 1984 after the Law on Wastewater Prevention and Treatment was issued. Only a few groundwater protection zones have been established in China, and not all of them have been worked out properly in reality due to the problem of lack of experiences. There are two regulations for the protection of drinking water resources in China, the Drinking Water Hygiene Protection Zones (DWHPZs) and the Drinking Water Protection Zones (DWPZs), which were issued according the Drinking Water Hygiene Standards of 1976 and the Law on Wastewater Prevention and Treatment of 1984, respectively. The DWHPZs have one protection zone, while the DWPZs have three zones. In 1989 the Chinese National Environmental Agency in association with other Ministries issued the Regulation on Pollution Prevention and Treatment of Drinking Water Protection Zones. According to this regulation, a groundwater protection zone should be divided into three subzones. Zone Ⅰ is the pumping area or is some time of travel zone, Zone Ⅱ should have enough travel time, and zone Ⅲ should include the main recharge areas. Generally speaking, there are two types of zone delineating methods, the modern computer modeling method, and the experienced method like the famous 50-day travel time methodology which was found by Dr. Knorr in Germany. It is difficult for many people to apply the computer modeling method, because there is no software available and/or yet much research work needed, especially the geo and biochemical research about the time of travel zone. Therefore the experienced method is used quite popularly. In this case, the only problem is how to use the experienced method in practise. A practical example of the experienced method in England is introduced. In 1990s a project of government was carried out to research the scientific background to land surface zoning for groundwater protection. Inner Zone Ⅰ is defined by a 50-day travel time from any point below the water table to the source and, additionally, as a minimum 50 m radius from the source. Outer Zone Ⅱ is defined by the 400-day travel time or 25% of the source catchment area. Source Catchment Zone Ⅲ is defined as the area needed to support the protected yield from long time groundwater recharge (effective rainfall).
  • Original Articles
    CHEN Ya ning, YANG Si quan
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    The degree of association is a measurement of associativity among things or factors. In this paper, based on calculating the degree of association between the reference sequence U0 and the comparison sequence Ui of evaluation quotas of natural disaster, the model of grey association for evaluation of natural disaster is established and is applied to the disastrous degree evaluation of Xinjiang “96 7” floods. By using the model, the disastrous grade belonging of some regions in the Xinjiang “96 7” floods and the sequence of disastrous grade are made out. The results show: using the model of grey association for evaluation of natural disaster not only can avoid the arbitrariance of artificial judgement, but also can accord with the facts well. So, the model of grey association is a scientific and practical way to evaluate the disastrous condition of natural disaster.
  • Original Articles
    NIU Ya fei
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    The paper analyses the characteristics of nature environment in the Plateau of Qing Tibet and values of environment of the Plateau of Qing Tibet for protecting environment of other regions of the world, especially for the around regions. The quality of environment of the Plateau of Qing Tibet will affect not only the Plateau of Qing Tibet but also around regions. The improvement of environment in the Plateau of Qing Tibet will bring not only environmental benefit to the Plateau of Qing Tibet, meanwhile, can also improve the environment of the around regions. It is very important to protect environment of the Plateau of Qing Tibet for improving environment of the around regions. At present, the Plateau of Qing Tibet is confronting serious environmental deterioration, because of the rapid population growth, low level of the agricultural production and shortage of the investment funds. The paper analyses the obstruction to resolve the problems of environmental deterioration in the aspects of nature and population factors. There have been many plans and steps for improving environment in the Plateau of Qing Tibet, but the effects are little. It is necessary to evaluate the methods and policies of protecting environment in the Plateau of Qing Tibet. The author puts forward the new point of view to estimate the advantage of natural resources and raises suitable industries on the basis of natural and social conditions of the Plateau of Qing Tibet.
  • Original Articles
    WEN Yun chao
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    After undergoing annihilating and reviving, the geopolitics has taken large development in the west world since the 1970s. However, it has been fettered longtime at divers quarters in China, among them including the confusion of understanding. In this paper the auther clarifies first the concept of “geo” in the word of geopolitics from the angles of geopolitical history and China’s interpretation of this word, from the relationship between geopolitics and geography. Then the auther expounds its research content, such as geopolitics, geoeconomics, geoculture, geostrategy and so on. Finally, the auther probes further the concept and intension of the word “geosuperiority” and points out that differentiating the “geosuperiority” from the general geographic superiority has an important practical significance.
  • Original Articles
    ZHANG Xiao ping
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    By employing the theories of the regional economics, the geography of enterprise and the economics of industrial organization, and taking First Tractor Company Limited (FTCL) as an example, this paper analyzes the changing networks of large state-owned enterprise. The study is further linked to the impact of the enterprise’s networks on the regional economic development. The study indicates that the networks of FTCL become more complex than before, due to the reforms taken by the enterprise since 1978. Along with the expansions of the enterprise’s networks, extensive impacts are brought about, such as those on regional economic growth, on industrial structure and on traditional ideas. The affected regions include not only the region where the enterprise is located, but also other regions which have linkages with the enterprise. Finally, the author proposes some reasonable suggestions regarding the development of enterprise and regional economic development.
  • Original Articles
    SUN Xian guo, CAO Kang lin, WANG Peng
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    The lower possession per capita of cultivated land resource is one of the important problems in Guangdong Province for all time and the trends of decrease will continue with further development of economy. In this paper, the spatial and temporal characteristics of the change of cultivated land resources were analysed using the statistics from 1949 to 1990, and 4 types were separated according to the grading of the cultivated land area and the cultivated land area per capital by yearly average variation. Type Ⅰ is the regions of most serious decrease in cultivated area including Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Dongguan and Zhongshan. Type Ⅱ is those of more serious decrease in cultivated area, including Foshan, Jiangmen, Huizhou, Shantou, Chaozhou, Jieyang and Shanwei. Type Ⅲ is those of slight decrease in cultivated area, including Yunfu, Zhaoqing, Maoming, Shaoguan, Yangjiang, Qingyuan, Heyuan and Meizhou. Type Ⅳ is those of no decrease in cultivated area, including Zhanjiang. The characteristics of the spatial distribution of those regions are linked to economic development and population growth. Regions of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ are located at the core area, around the beaches of the Pearl River Mouth, while regions of types Ⅲ and Ⅳ located at the Eastern, Western and Northern of the province where economy is developing and population growth is slow.