In the process of rapid urbanization, regional human-environment relationships in rural areas have become increasingly complex, and these areas are facing the challenge of integrating limited resources to realize industrial transformation and development. From the perspective of the factor-structure-function transformation of the rural territorial system, this study elucidated the conceptual connotation and driving force of rural industrial restructuring. On this basis, it classified the typical patterns of rural industrial restructuring according to the development direction of the dominant industries, with a specific focus on Guangxi. The study then proceeded to construct the guarantee mechanism for rural industrial restructuring. The following four main conclusions were reached: 1) Rural industrial restructuring can be comprehended as the process of optimizing spatial layout, extending the industrial chain, and enhancing the industrial system through industrial cultivation, adjustment, upgrading, and transformation. This process is grounded in the integration of the basic factors of industrial development—such as labor, land, and capital—in the context of local development conditions and external market environment. Rural industrial restructuring is characterized by the diversification of subjects and business forms, aiming to achieve both the benign and balanced development of rural industries internally and the value output externally. 2) In the practice of industrial restructuring, external driving forces and endogenous development forces of the rural territorial system interact with each other to jointly promote the coupling and coordination of various factors related to industrial development. 3) Rural industrial restructuring comprises five typical patterns, including the specialization of agricultural production, the industrialization of traditional culture, the tourism-driven development, the agglomeration of manufacturing, and service-oriented commerce and logistics. 4) In terms of policy, emphasis should be placed on guiding the concentration of key factors of production in rural areas by breaking down institutional barriers; building modern rural industrial systems by optimizing the industrial structure and improving the industrial layout; and improving the benefit linkage mechanism by adhering to the principle that the central position of farmers should not be compromised. Through a comprehensive approach, an institutional arrangement can be made for promoting rural industrial restructuring and facilitating the revitalization of rural industries.

Suburban villages with superior ecological endowments can often realize rural development by virtue of landscape resources and spillover effect of big cities. But due to the rapid urbanization and urban "siphon effect", suburban villages often experience hollow problems such as labor emigration and industrial decay. Taking Yangjiamen, a traditional village in the Songshan Scenic Area, as a case study site, and based on the actor network theory, this study analyzed the process and mechanism of rural transformation by means of semi-structured interviews and participatory observation, and examined how endogenous impetus promoted rural revitalization. The results show that the case study village went through three stages of development: rural resources concentrated in the hands of rural sages, diversified industrial development feeding back to rural residents, and government-led enterprise-resident participation in diversified development, and experienced the change of rural sage→government-led→diversified governance of social networks. The dynamic mechanism changed from endogenous forces to endogenous development forces combined with external forces. This process has promoted the transformation and development of rural population, land, industry, and society, and realized the revitalization of talents, industries, organizations, culture, and ecology. This study provides some theoretical reference and practical guidance for rural revitalization in suburban hollow villages with superior ecological resource endowments.

Green finance is also called environmental finance or sustainability finance. As an important kind of financial development, green finance focuses on the win-win situation between the environment and economic growth by supporting the environmental protection industry. On the other hand, the green low-carbon transformation development can form diversified green capital needs, which will induce financial institutions to adjust products and services structure, innovate green finance service models and application scenarios with ecological concepts, and this will promote the development of green finance. Therefore, the concept and practice of green financial development and green low-carbon transformation are highly consistent, and there is an inherent logic of coordination and mutual promotion. However, there is limited literature on the coupling and coordination relationship between green financial development and green low-carbon transformation, and the research on influencing factors needs more in-depth discussions. To reveal the status of coupling and coordination between green financial development and green low-carbon transformation, this study used the entropy method to measure the level of green financial development and green low-carbon transformation, and introduced the coupling and coordination degree model, geodetector, and ArcGIS technology to explore the spatial and temporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of coupling and coordination between green financial development and green low-carbon transformation based on the data of Hunan Province from 2013 to 2021. The results show that the coupling and coordination degree between green financial development and green low-carbon transformation in Hunan Province was on the rise year by year, and continued to improve over time. The status was transiting to a coordinated stage step by step. The coupling and coordination degree in various regions showed a relatively consistent trend with the entire province. The coupling and coordination degree exhibited spatial agglomeration characteristics and presented a green development pattern radiating from Changsha City to the surrounding areas. The spatial differentiation of the coupling and coordination degree was obvious, greater in the eastern region than the western region, and in the northern region than the southern region. However, the growth speed in the western and southern regions was higher than that in the eastern and northern regions. The geodetector test results show that the coupling and coordination degree was influenced by factors of economic development, financial development scale, green R&D investment, digital infrastructure, and regional openness. Among them, the explanatory power of green R&D investment and financial development scale was greater than other factors, and both of them were the driving factors for the coupling and coordination between green financial development and green low-carbon transformation. The research may enable governments to clearly understand the integrated pattern of green financial development and green low-carbon transformation, so as to provide a decision-making reference for the integrated development of green financial development and green low-carbon transformation, and a reliable theoretical basis for cultivating new quality productivity according to local conditions to promote high-quality development.

Urban-rural economic circulation is an important part of the macro economic circulation in China. Optimizing urban-rural economic circulation is a fundamental project for building a new development pattern. This study analyzed the connotation of urban-rural economic circulation from four dimensions: supply and demand relationship, industrial linkage, factor flow, and circulation carrier, and constructed an evaluation index system, taking 2010-2020 as the study period and the Jianghan Plain as the case study area. It comprehensively applied the entropy weighting method and the obstacle degree model to reveal the characteristics of change of the spatiotemporal pattern of urban-rural economic circulation in the study area, and explored the path of its optimization. The results show that: 1) During the study period, the level of urban-rural economic circulation in the Jianghan Plain region was low but continued to grow unevenly. The composite and sub-dimensional indices (supply and demand relationship, industrial linkage, factor flow, and circulation carrier) of urban-rural economic circulation grew from 0.2164, 0.0616, 0.0534, 0.0641, and 0.0373 to 0.4095, 0.1308, 0.0850, 0.0990, and 0.0947, with an average annual growth rate of 8.92%, 11.24%, 5.93%, 5.45%, and 15.35%, respectively. 2) During the same period, the urban-rural economic circulation in the study area generally showed a low level of aggregation, regional differences increased slightly, and the spatial coefficient of variation increased from 0.2055 to 0.2126. The high-value areas of supply and demand relationship and circulation carrier index of the urban-rural economic circulation gradually aggregated to the main transportation arteries and the urban areas along the routes, and the spatial coefficient of variation decreased from 0.3166 and 0.5665 to 0.2636 and 0.4705, but the industrial linkage and factor flow spatial distribution characteristics were not as distinct. 3) The obstacle degree of urban-rural economic circulation in the study area showed a decreasing trend year by year, and the sub-dimension obstacle degree ranked as industrial linkage (28.20%) > circulation carrier (27.89%) > factor flow (23.98%) > supply and demand relationship (19.93%), and the top four indicator obstacle degree ranked as night-light index (11.23%) > proportion of built-up area (10.79%) > output value of agricultural services (10.65%) > loan balance of financial institutions per unit of GDP (9.82%). 4) The optimization of the urban-rural economic circulation in the Jianghan Plain region can be divided into three types and six sub-districts, including single obstacle type, double obstacle type, and triple obstacle type, and according to the different types of obstacles in each district, the appropriate development strategies for the optimization of the urban-rural economic circulation were proposed respectively. The results of this study can provide some theoretical guidance and practical inspiration for the development of urban-rural economic circulation in the new era.

In the context of a new technological revolution and the rise of public health awareness, wearable technology has experienced rapid development and widespread adoption, deeply integrating into the practice of urban resident leisure-time physical activities. However, the current theoretical exploration on the spatiotemporal effects and mechanism of residents' activities lags far behind the actual development needs. From an interdisciplinary perspective, this study focused on the comprehensive and systematic theoretical research of geography. The initial step of this study involved a quantitative analysis of the literature using the CiteSpace 5.7 software, providing insights into the general research trend and direction in the field. Then, the study summarized the changes in urban resident leisure-time physical activities under the influence of wearable technology from three perspectives: digital decision making, new spatiotemporal characteristics, and diversified experiences. The research implications underscore the need to deepen the understanding of the decision-making mechanism of resident leisure-time physical activity, strengthen the analysis of complex spatiotemporal rules of leisure-time physical activity, and emphasize research on satisfaction with leisure-time physical activity experiences in multiple situations. Furthermore, the article proposed a research framework for urban resident leisure-time physical activity under the influence of wearable technology. It stressed the importance of the crossover and integration of multidisciplinary theories, with a call to enrich analyses across five dimensions: research subject, technology, activity, space, and time. Additionally, the article argued for innovating research methods, expanding research content, and strengthening the application of health-oriented spatial planning practices. This comprehensive approach may enhance the understanding of the dynamic relationship between wearable technology, urban spaces, and resident leisure-time physical activities, and provide valuable references for urban spatial planning practices guided by residents' activity needs in the digital health era.

Against the background of the current high degree of urban-rural spatial reconfiguration, the new constructed characteristics of happiness and its urban-rural heterogeneity of humans, which are the actors and ultimate target of development, are of great significance to the balanced and effective enhancement of the dividends of happiness in China's urban-rural development. This research introduced capital as a tool into the study of happiness in human geography, and used data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to design an analytical framework for the construction of happiness by multidimensional capital from the three dimensions of economy, culture, and society. The Probit regression model was used to empirically analyze and explore the constructed characteristics of happiness and its urban-rural differences in the context of high mobility in 2018 from the perspectives of level and structure. The results show that: 1) Chinese residents' happiness was at a high level and relatively balanced between urban and rural areas, and the constructs of urban and rural residents' happiness are diversified under the "level" perspective, that is, the basic effect of economic capital, the transformative effect of cultural capital, and the strong sensitivity of social capital contributed to the enhancement of happiness in urban and rural areas. 2) Having considered the integrity of capital "structure" and ecological niche, the impact of multidimensional capital on the construction of happiness has evolved from one-way enhancement effect to uncertainty and structuralized characteristics, especially the strengthening or missing effects caused by the dominant or deficient local ecological niche, which makes the capital dimension more complex in the construction of happiness. 3) There were significant urban-rural differences in the response strength of residents' happiness to various dimensions of capital, among which social capital showed the strongest sensitivity and the most significant urban-rural differences in the construction of happiness, which indicates that China's current new-type urbanization process should pay attention to the reproduction mechanism and effect of urban-rural social capital. The results of the study are conducive to revealing the modern and local characteristics of the happiness construct in China, and provide a basis for balanced and effective policy formulation to enhance the happiness of Chinese urban and rural residents.

Music geography is an interdisciplinary subject between geography, musicology, culture studies, and other disciplines. Compared with the well-established music geography in Western countries, music geography in China is still in the embryonic phase. This study attempted to provide a literature review for the progress of music geography research outside China by having a close look at its origin, development paths, essential debates, frameworks, and approaches, based on an in-depth bibliometric analysis. First, this study found that international research on music geography has extended its scope from the perspective of cultural geography to an interdisciplinary discourse and received great attention from economic geography, political geography, and urban geography. Second, the core themes of international music geography research can be generally classified into five branches: music regions and cultural diffusion, industrial clusters and networks, temporal-spatial phenomena and influences of music performance, music-based identity and cultural politics, and music geography as a special urban soundscape. In terms of theories and approaches, international music geography research can be divided into four main branches: cultural geography, geopolitics, economic geography, and urban geography, which are respectively influenced by the non-representational theory of new cultural geography, popular geopolitics and the relational turn of economic geography, and other important trends. Lastly, this article proposed that there is a great necessity to pay more attention to music research by Chinese geographers as it serves as an ideal case and instrument to inquire into geographical issues such as local identity, authenticity, and sense of place, local-global connections, creative production networks, temporary projects, urban planning, and social well-being.

At present, the regional spatial system of traditional villages is hollowing out, and the integration of living-production-ecological system, as a good state of regional spatial system development, can be used as a guiding goal to solve the problem of hollowing out the countryside. Exploring the driving factors and processes of typical traditional tourism-driven villages to achieve the integration of living-production-ecological system can provide a reference for the governance of traditional village hollowing out. In this study, we defined the concept of tourism-driven traditional villages' living-production-ecological system integration from the perspective of theory of practice. We took Dehang Village in Hunan Province as an example, decomposed the relevant variables that affect the traditional villages' living-production-ecological system integration relying on the theory of rootedness, and then constructed the motivation mechanism of the tourism-driven traditional villages' living-production-ecological system integration by using the method of system dynamics. The conclusions are as follows: 1) The ecological subsystem is the fundamental basis for the integration of the living-production-ecological system and consists of two circuits: humanized ecological practices and primitive ecological practices. 2) The production subsystem is the material driving force for the integration, including the three circuits of tourism industry development, tourism industry innovation, and tourism production resistance. 3) The subsystem of living is the key guarantee for the integration and consists of three circuits, namely, the practice of material life, the practice of spiritual life, and the construction of political life. 4) Ecological protection restricts the disorderly expansion of production and living, ecological product creation promotes tourism industry development and improves residents' lives, and residents' living practices in turn counter-promote tourism production innovation and ecological protection, with the three subsystems interacting with each other, and superimposing their functions. Summarizing the system dynamics of Dehang Village's spatial system to achieve the integration of living-production-ecological system under the cycle of multiple causal bonds and causal loops can provide a reference for traditional villages of the same type.

With the rapid development of tourism and the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the relationship between tourism development and the realization of rural revitalization has received increasing attention. Encouraging rural residents to participate in governance in an orderly manner is an important issue for rural revitalization in the new era. Rural tourism can break spatial isolation and reconstruct the rural society, while rural residents' concepts and behaviors are profoundly shaped by their social networks. Therefore how tourism drives residents' participation in rural governance from the perspective of social network reconstruction deserves in-depth study. Based on the social embeddedness theory, this study explored whether the path of "developing rural tourism-restructuring rural social network-promoting residents' participation in rural governance" is valid and its mechanism through two progressive studies. The study found that: 1) The development of tourism can enhance the scale and heterogeneity of the rural kinship-geographic-industrial network and the network position of rural residents, increase the communication frequency and trust intensity of residents in the network, promote information sharing, and reconstruct the rural social network from the dimensions of structure and relationship. Social network affects residents' level of participation in rural governance from the four channels of information acquisition, collective supervision, role model guidance, and community consciousness. 2) The rural governance participation level of residents who participate in tourism operation is strongly promoted by industrial and geographic networks, and the rural governance participation level of residents who do not participate in tourism operation is strongly influenced by geographic and kinship networks. 3) Resident participation in rural governance activities are characterized by participation in cultural issues > participation in environmental protection > participation in political issues > participation in economic development > participation in social services.

In the process of rapid urbanization, the imbalance of human-environment relationship caused by the emigration of rural population has exacerbated the problem of rural hollowing out. It is of great practical significance to measure the hollowing out of the countryside and put forward strategies to rectify the problem by focusing on rural revitalization. Taking Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province as an example, this study used population transfer rate to measure the hollowing level of villages and used the entropy weight TOPSIS method to evaluate the development potential of villages. Combining these two methods, this study identified the type of village development and put forward the differential remediation strategies of hollowing villages. The results show that: 1) Baiquan County's rural hollowing level is 0.6529, and the degree of hollowing is severe. The hollowing at the township level is moderate and high, and the villages are dominated by high and heavy hollowing. Rural population loss is mainly due to the uneven development of urban and rural areas, few rural employment opportunities, low level of rural social security, among other factors. 2) The average development potential of villages in Baiquan County is 0.2279, the overall level is low, and the spatial distribution difference is significant. The development potential of villages around the county seat and along the main transportation routes and major rivers is generally higher than the villages in remote areas. The level of industrial development (0.5026) is significantly higher than that of civilization (0.2703) and ecological environment (0.1472), and low levels of governance (0.0317) and affluence of residents (0.0482) have become shortcomings of village development potential. 3) Villages of Baiquan County can be divided into four types—I: high potential low hollowing, II: high potential high hollowing, III: low potential low hollowing, and IV: low potential high hollowing. Overall the county is dominated by high potential high hollowing, and the development of southern villages is better than the rest of the county. In the future, village development should be guided by the rural revitalization strategies, with a shift of focus towards categories I and II, as well as southern villages and towns. The villages should improve homesteads, ecological land, cultivated land, and other related systems to promote their internal structure adjustment; cultivate cooperatives, family farms, and other new types of management, so as to explore the planning and upgrading of characteristic industries; build a new system of "central town-central village-rural community-village" to enhance urban-rural interaction and promote factor aggregation and resource sharing; and increase environmental regulation, enhance social security, and attract the return of talents, thus realizing village hollowing governance and rural revitalization in the county.

Ron Johnston is a world-renowned human geographer and historian of geographic thought. In his fruitful life, he made unparalleled contribution to the discipline of human geography. His contribution is not only reflected in his empirical research in urban geography, political geography, and political science with many academic journal papers, but also in his pioneering research on the history of geographical thought and quantitative research methods, and classic works such as Geography and Geographers. He published more than 40 academic monographs, including Philosophy and Human Geography, On Human Geography, and Putting Votes into Their Place: Geography and Elections in Great Britain, edited or coedited more than 40 academic monographs, including A Dictionary of Human Geography, The Future of Geography, and A Century of British Geography. As a university faculty, teaching is one of the three academic works. Johnston acted as course instructor for undergraduate courses such as Urban Geography, Urbanization, Internal Structure of the City, Philosophy and Methodology of Human Geography, Political Geography, State and Economic Restructuring, Contemporary Economic and Political Issues, Geography of Election, Research Methods, Multivariate Statistical Analysis, The State and the Environment, An Introduction to Geography, and for graduate courses, including Urban Geography, Urban Internal Structure, and Multivariate Statistics/Computing. As an advisor, Johnston supervised 47 graduate students. He wrote several important textbooks, including Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Geography: A Primer on the General Linear Model and Geography of Elections. He also set us a good example in terms of academic service. He coedited both Progress in Human Geography and Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space for 25 years (1979-2004), and served on countless editorial boards. He also often served as an external reviewer, participating in the evaluation of dissertations, research fund proposals, professional training programs, book manuscripts, RAE (research assessment exercise), REF (research excellence framework), professional title promotion, and so on. He published many book reviews to build healthy academic community culture. Ron Johnston's diligence, persistence, kindness, and warm and academic service spirit will always inspire us to move forward. We, as Chinese counterparts, can learn a lot from Ron Johnston as a professor and a member of the academic community.

Flow elements are not only an important force for the temporal differentiation and reorganization of rural vulnerability, but also an important perspective in the study of urban and rural reconstruction. By constructing a social-ecological system vulnerability evaluation indicator system of "sensitivity-adaptability", the dynamic change characteristics of vulnerability and the impact of flow factors of 184 administrative villages in Qingpu District of Shanghai Municipality from 1998 to 2018 were analyzed by means of sequential polygonal area method, spatial exploration and analysis, and fixed effect spatial error model. The results show that: 1) During the study period, the social-ecological system vulnerability of the district increased from 0.521 to 0.622, and the vulnerability level increased from low grade to medium grade. The spatio-temporal patterns show that vulnerability first increased and then decreased, and was high in the east and low in the west. 2) The relative length of the social-ecological system vulnerability temporal path movement in the district showed a trend of gradual decline from the central region to the surrounding areas from 1998 to 2018. The mobility curvature of the vulnerability time path was relatively small, showing the spatial pattern of high in the north and south and low in the central area, and the flow index for vulnerability spatio-temporal transition was 0.509, indicating that the spatial agglomeration structure had relatively high transfer activity in this region. 3) Population flow had become the leading factor for enhancing vulnerability and the coefficient of impact was 0.022, and capital flow and commercial flow were the key to reducing vulnerability. The effect of outflow on vulnerability was generally higher than on inflow, and the most significant effect of population outflow on vulnerability increase was 0.018, while the vulnerability reduction capacity of capital inflow was -0.009. "Sensitivity synergy-adaptive trade off" had become the dominant mode of flow factor impact on vulnerability in Qingpu District. The flow factors had a more significant impact on economic sensitivity and economic adaptability.

Overseas agricultural industry parks are an innovative way of China's overseas investment, and land use is one of the core issues in its development. Agricultural industry park A is a national-level overseas industrial park that has passed the assessment of the Ministry of Commerce. Its land use and cooperative planting model have important reference value for other overseas parks and the high-quality development of the Belt and Road region. Using interviews, field research, and evolutionary game methods and taking agricultural industry park A as an example, this study conducted a game analysis on the behavioral motivations of park and local farmers in the process of land acquisition, and explored the optimal land use model of overseas agricultural industry parks. The research found that: 1) Plantations have a large demand for land, high investment cost, long payback cycle, and high risk and sensitivity of investment. 2) Park A has formed a development model of "multiple plantations in one park, cooperative development, and construction of the whole industrial chain". 3) Land acquisition game between the park and the local farmers and the Indonesian government's special policies for plantations combined to form a cooperative planting land use model of 80% self-operated land and 20% jointly-operated land. 4) Land acquisition in Indonesia is difficult and affected by many factors, such as private land ownership, difficulties in determining land ownership, and Western neo-colonialism public opinion. The development experience of park A in the exploration of overseas land investment has certain reference value for the land acquisition and use of Chinese agricultural industry parks in other countries with private ownership of land.

In recent years, under the background of a series of national development strategies and the transformation of economic geography patterns, the connections between cities, towns, and rural areas in China have become increasingly close, bringing about a more diversified population distribution than before. However, there are still few studies that simultaneously involve the spatial analysis of cities, towns, and rural areas, as well as the evolution patterns and underlying mechanism of population distribution in regions with different levels of development. Based on the data of the sixth and seventh national censuses (provincial data of Jiangsu Province), this study explored the spatiotemporal evolution of city, town, and rural population distribution and revealed the influencing factors of the comprehensive attraction of city-town-rural areas to the floating population in Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2020. The results show that: 1) In the past 10 years, Jiangsu Province maintained a population spatial distribution pattern of dense in the south and sparse in the north, but the changes in the size of the resident population and floating population have shown noticeable geographical differences, which is manifested in the continued high growth rate of resident population in south Jiangsu, but the high growth rate of floating population is concentrated in central and north Jiangsu. 2) In the past 10 years, the high-value area of the ratio of floating population to resident population was still concentrated in south Jiangsu. The proportion increased in all cities and some towns in central and north Jiangsu, as well as slightly in some rural areas in south Jiangsu. 3) Comprehensive exploration of changes in the population distribution of the city-town-rural areas has found that although the trend of common growth of resident population in the three types of space was not obvious, the ratio of floating population to resident population in more than half of counties and cities showed the characteristics of city-town-rural area common growth. The increase in the comprehensive index of city-town-rural area attraction to floating population in central and north Jiangsu exceeded that of south Jiangsu. 4) Public affair investment of the government and regional industrial development had a significant positive impact on the comprehensive attraction of city-town-rural areas to floating population, which had a stronger effect in economically developed areas and areas with stronger industrial base. In contrast, advanced industrial structure only had a positive effect in south Jiangsu. Based on the correlation between the change in population distribution and the level of regional urbanization, as well as the analysis of its spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors in city-town-rural areas, this study put forward specific suggestions for the urban-rural integrated development of the population in different counties and cities.

Prospectively exploring the role of accessibility on the evolution of industrial space driven by transportation integration will provide a reference for industrial site selection, functional positioning, and the formulation of related policy systems. Taking the producer service industry in the Yangtze River Delta region as an example, this study constructed a spatial accessibility model to measure county accessibility values, and used GIS spatial analysis and spatial Durbin model to measure the intensity of the impact of accessibility on industrial spatial patterns and trends of change, which can reveal the mechanism of accessibility's effect on the spatial evolution of producer services driven by transportation integration. The results indicate that: 1) In 2010 and 2020, the high-value areas and high-growth areas of producer services in all and sub-sectors showed hierarchical distribution and distribution near central cities. 2) Driven by transportation integration, the accessibility level of cities in peripheral areas and core cities in the Yangtze River Delta region has been greatly improved. The accessibility pattern presents a flat core-periphery structure from east to west, which has direct effects and indirect effects on the spatial pattern of the producer service industry. Among the direct effects, comprehensive transportation accessibility has a stronger effect on the spatial pattern of producer services, and high-speed rail accessibility has a significant impact on the development pattern of producer services. In the indirect effects, accessibility has an important impact on the spatial pattern of producer services through factors such as spatial agglomeration, spatial competition, and market potential. 3) The positive and negative effects of spatial agglomeration and spatial competition factors in neighboring counties on the spatial pattern of local producer service industries have increased. Market potential is the dominant factor in the location selection of producer service enterprises. Only when counties and districts have sufficient market potential can high-level accessibility play a key role in attracting producer service enterprises. 4) Accessibility not only has the "centrifugal force" that promotes the proliferation of producer service industry enterprises, but also has the "centripetal force" that promotes the agglomeration of producer service industry enterprises. The two jointly affect the spatial location choices and relocation decisions of enterprises. Thus, faced with the increasing level of regional transportation integration, various regions can plan and locate producer service industrial clusters in transportation hub areas according to local conditions based on the sensitivity of different industries to accessibility and their location preferences.

The development of information and communication technology and the penetration of mobile smart devices enable information dissemination and social interaction to overcome the barriers of geographical distance, greatly expanding the scope and depth of interaction between individuals and space. The fusion of real and virtual spaces has led to a new paradigm of individual behavior patterns and research on cyber-mobility. The study of personal mobilities in both physical and virtual spaces has received growing attention by contemporary scholars in geography, sociology, and economics. This article reviewed the geographical research on cyber-mobility from the geographical societal perspectives by Aharon Kellerman, a professor of human geography at the University of Haifa. Based on advanced research and understanding of the time-space framework of personal mobility and geographical interpretations of cyberspace, Kellerman delved into exploring the ways of personal mobilities and spatiotemporal behavior patterns of individuals in the process of using the internet from the dual perspectives of individual "social people" and "incarnations", and further participated in the research in the fields of human behavior patterns, virtual community, virtual activity space, and so on. His theory and empirical research help Chinese scholars to deepen their understanding of the role of virtual space and network technology from both micro and macro perspectives, and the relationship between real and virtual spaces, and to further explore the interactions between individuals and real space and cyberspace and urban space reconstruction.

Analyzing the intrinsic relationship between the function and value of arable land and the construction of a livable, workable, and beautiful countryside, and systematically diagnosing the degree of synergy of multifunction and value of arable land are of great practical significance for rural hollowing governance, and for comprehensively advancing rural revitalization. Based on the characteristics of arable land resources in typical areas of the main grain-producing region of China, this study explored the level of coupling and coordination of multifunction and value of arable land in Liaoning Province from 2005 to 2020 and its functioning mechanism from the perspective of multifunctionality and value coupling of arable land using the comprehensive evaluation model, coupling and coordination model, exploratory spatial analysis, and geographically-weighted regression method, and put forward the differentiated governance paths to solve the problem of rural hollowing accordingly. The research found that from 2005 to 2020: 1) The multifunctional coupling and coordination degree of arable land in Liaoning Province rose steadily, showing a pattern of better in the northwest than in the southeast, with some room for improvement. 2) The value coupling and coordination degree of arable land in Liaoning Province was in a steady state, forming a pattern of high in the core and low in the two wings, with large differences between cities. 3) The coupling and coordination degree of arable land multifunction and value in Liaoning Province demonstrated a low-speed growth, and the spatial clustering effects of the two were slowly increasing, with a good synergistic relationship being established on the whole. 4) The influence of the multifunctionality of arable land on its value in Liaoning Province was characterized by significant heterogeneity, that is, non-synchronous trends of change, non-equilibrium spatial and temporal differentiation, and path dependence of the dynamic correlation between the two. The purpose of this study was to analyze the coupling and coordination of the functions and values of arable land to explore the path of rural hollowing governance, promote the synergistic development of people-land-industry on the countryside of the main grain-producing region, and provide references for consolidating the foundation of food security and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

Specialized villages (SVs), as a special form of economic development in agricultural areas, are considered an important lever for rural revitalization. In recent years, many SVs have shown a highly intensive development trend, with the emergence and increase of large specialized households, causing some small specialized households to abandon characteristic production projects. The proportion of specialized households engaging in specialized production in SVs has decreased, and labor outflow has become apparent. Based on the data of two censuses of SVs in Henan Province and the data of field investigation of SVs in typical case areas conducted from 2022 to 2023, this study used the spatial autocorrelation and hot spot analysis methods to analyze the characteristics of labor outflow from different types of SVs. Geographic detectors were used to detect, identify, and analyze the dominant factors of labor outflow from SVs. This study found that: 1) Overall, the outflow of labor from SVs in various regions of Henan Province has significantly increased. 2) The spatial agglomeration characteristics of labor outflow in agricultural SVs were obvious, while the labor outflow in industrial SVs did not show spatial agglomeration characteristics, and the labor outflow in service and other SVs showed a spatial agglomeration trend. 3) The outflow of labor force from agricultural SVs were increasing in various regions, while the outflow of labor force from industrial SVs were most obvious in the eastern region of the province. The outflow of labor force from service industry and other SVs were relatively complex. 4) The quantitative analysis results indicate that the rate of specialized households, location characteristics, arable land resources, and human resources are the main factors affecting the outflow of the labor force from SVs. 5) This study indicates that the mechanism of labor outflow in SVs is relatively complex, and villages and industries are important material carriers that attract labor force. The interaction of centrifugal force generated in the process of industrial development and centripetal force generated by policies and norms leads to a dynamic state of labor loss and return.

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and increasing income, household energy consumption has become an important growth point of energy consumption in China. Grasping the spatiotemporal characteristics of household energy consumption and identifying the influencing factors and development trends of household energy consumption will help to accelerate the construction of a modern energy system, promote low-carbon energy transformation, and achieve the dual carbon goals. This study took household energy consumption as the research object and systematically explored its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics in China. Furthermore, it used the spatial econometric models, grey prediction, and scenario analysis to examine the influencing factors and development trends of household energy consumption. The study found that: 1) From the perspective of spatiotemporal characteristics, household energy consumption showed an upward trend from 1995 to 2021. Meanwhile, the gap in energy consumption between urban and rural households was gradually widening, but their per capita household energy consumption showed a trend of convergence. 2) From the perspective of proportion and structure, household energy consumption accounts for about one tenth of the total energy consumption, and the household energy consumption structure showed a trend of diversification and clean development. 3) From the perspective of influencing factors, energy intensity, population size, household size, education level, economic development, urbanization rate, and car ownership were important influencing factors for household energy consumption, but the degree of impact varied. 4) From the perspective of future trends, China's household energy consumption will continue to grow by 2040, and under the scenario of steady development, the growth rate is slower, indicating that the implementation of government policies and the popularization of green consumption concept among residents have a positive effect on controlling the growth of household energy consumption. Based on the results of this research, this article argued that the energy consumption structure should be adjusted by increasing the proportion of natural gas consumption, the energy consumption structure of rural households should be optimized, and the energy development policy should be further improved and the consumption concept of residents should be changed to control the excessive growth of household energy consumption.

Geocooperation between neighboring countries globally facilitates forest conversion and land use change across border zones especially in the tropics. Compared with the disturbance of specific tropical forest types, research on border forest disturbance and its mechanism of response to geocooperation between countries still lags behind. Geoeconomic cooperation and competition among the countries of Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA) and their neighbors (including Bangladesh, China, India, and Malaysia) as well as major extraterritorial powers have developed over three decades. However, the COVID-19 pandemic delayed geoeconomic cooperation and border development. A pressing question is whether the process of border forest disturbance was affected accordingly. With the Sentinel-2 10 m 2017-2021 land cover products, forest disturbance process in the 13 border zones between MSEA and their neighbors from two driving mechanisms of agricultural expansion and built-up area enlargement were examined using GIS spatial analysis, including forest conversion flow and kernel density. The main conclusions are: 1) Forest is the dominant land cover type in all border zones of MSEA and their neighbors, followed by cropland and rangeland, and built-up area is critical in the surrounding areas of border ports. 2) Forest disturbance represented the primary form of border land cover and landscape changes, with the area accounting for nearly 50%. Changes in cropland and rangeland have contributed to agricultural land expansion (90%) and built-up area growth (10%). 3) Agricultural land expansion and built-up area enlargement of port areas were the principal and secondary driving mechanisms of border forest disturbance, respectively. The former contributed to over 70%, while the latter accounted for 3% of the changes, yet showing an increasing trend year by year and notable national differences in direct and indirect effects on border forest disturbance. 4) The COVID-19 pandemic weakened forest disturbance in all border zones, particularly in Cambodia and its border with Laos, exhibiting synchronous and asynchronous effects on the slow-down of forest disturbance on both sides of the borders.

Understanding the degree of rural tourism gentrification, balancing the relationship between stakeholders such as native rural residents, new rural residents, and returned rural residents, and truly realizing the sharing of development dividends are the key to achieving the comprehensive rural revitalization and rural tourism sustainable development. As one of the important representations of rural space value reshaping, tourism-driven rural gentrification has attracted great attention in the context of rural revitalization. From the perspective of the influencing effect of rural tourism gentrification, this study analyzed the spatial restructuring characteristics of Hanwang Village in different periods of tourism gentrification development based on field research data and spatial interpretation results. Combined with the semi-structured interview data, this study also analyzed the mechanism of spatial restructuring by using the actor-network theory. The results show that: 1) According to the tourism construction and development process, the tourism gentrification process in Hanwang Village can be divided into four stages, including traditional agriculture transformation, sightseeing agriculture exploitation, rural tourism development, and cultural and tourism integration transition. Different stages of spatial restructuring present different characteristics. 2) The process of tourism-driven rural gentrification has successively changed the land use distribution, industrial structure, population composition, and cultural atmosphere of Hanwang Village, and alleviated some of the problems of rural hollowing, which had a profound impact on the village space. 3) The transformation of the interests and goals of heterogeneous actors, such as governments at all levels, village residents, tourists, investors, art practitioners, and tourism resources, as well as the connection and cooperation between them, have an effect on the spatial restructuring of Hanwang Village. This study took Hanwang Village in Xuzhou City as a case study, and mainly focused on the impact of tourism-driven rural gentrification development on rural spatial restructuring, the behavioral logic of various stakeholders in the process of spatial restructuring, and the relationship with rural hollowing, so as to provide theoretical and empirical references for the study of tourism-driven rural revitalization development and rural gentrification effect, and solving the problems of hollow villages.

The world is undergoing unprecedented changes that have not been seen in a century, with an era of uncertainty and precarity beginning to emerge. Over the past 20 years, the concept of precarity has rapidly become a topic of great interest in Western human geography. This article first explained the basic connotations of precarity in terms of labor conditions, ontological experience, and class categories based on the classic literature of Western social science. It then reviewed the research trajectory of precarity in Western human geography and found that the geographical research on precarity exhibits a significant critical thinking approach. It focuses on the impact of structured environments of precarity on individuals and their responses within such environments, forming two main research threads: one is the study of precarity in labor conditions under specific historical circumstances, focusing on the structural mechanisms of precarious employment and the agency of the precariat; the other is the study of precarity as an ontological experience of human life, focusing on the impact of precarity caused by geopolitics and the politics of everyday urban life on residents and the political consequences that arise. Finally, the article suggests that research on precarity in the Chinese context can be carried out by integrating the economic situations of emerging economies, the new normal of the economy, flexible capital accumulation, and international politics. This article aimed to promote the field of human geography in China to extend into the realm of precarity, preparing for research in understanding social risks brought about by precarity and achieving long-term stable development of the social economic system.

Suburban areas are a typical area for rural multi-functional development. With the rapid advancement of non-agricultural development, urbanization, and industrialization, the development of suburban villages faces diversified needs, resulting in spatial mismatch and functional confusion, which urgently needs scientific guidance and regulation. Therefore, we selected Tongshan District of Xuzhou City, a typical suburban area, as the study area, and village area as the basic spatial unit and used a total of 319 administrative villages as samples. By constructing a multi-function evaluation indicator system for the area, we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of change of rural economic development, agricultural production, ecological conservation, and living security during 2009-2019. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the interaction among the four functions. In order to further explain the spatial heterogeneity of functional interactions, the geographically weighted regression model was introduced to explore the spatial heterogeneity of functional interaction, and regression coefficient was used to further determine the small-scale functional interactions. On this basis, the article summarized the type of functional change and the regulation path of suburban rural development. The results show that: 1) At the village level, in the 10 years between 2009 and 2019, the differentiation of quantitative structure and the agglomeration of spatial pattern of regional multi-function change coexisted. 2) According to the correlation and interaction evolution process of rural regional functions, the overall relationship and local relationship of functional interaction evolution were consistent, but there were some differences, which can be summarized into five functional evolution types. 3) The evolution path of rural regional functions showed dynamic and complex characteristics, which can be divided into four paths: functional integration development, dominant function leading development, dual function coordinated promotion development, and multi-function comprehensive development.

The integrated development of urban and rural areas is an important measure for achieving comprehensive rural revitalization in China, and policymakers are particularly concerned about this issue. The initial intention of establishing the land bill system in Chongqing Municipality was to promote coordinated and integrated development between urban and rural areas, but there has been a lack of corresponding evaluation. Based on the panel data from 70 cities between 1998 and 2020, land bill transaction data from 2008 to 2020, and a survey of farming households in outflow areas of land bill, this study systematically evaluated the impact of the land bill system in Chongqing Municipality on the integrated development of urban and rural areas through spatial analysis and synthetic control methods. This study found that the land bill system promoted urban-rural integration in Chongqing, manifested by an increase in the per capita disposable income in rural areas, the supply of urban construction land, the supply of the non-agricultural labor force, and regional per capita GDP. The pressures of farmland loss and income disparity between urban and rural residents have significantly decreased. The land bill, as a "lever", couples the elements of people-land-industry-capital in rural areas, which is conducive to building interactive relationships among the internal elements of the urban-rural regional system, and further promotes the integrated development of urban and rural areas. Considering that the land bill system has been piloted in many parts of the country, it is necessary to further explore ways to improve the linkage between collective-operated construction land near cities and the land bill system in remote suburbs, in order to promote the balanced adjustment of urban and rural integrated development. At the same time, the government should actively expand the service functions of the land bill system in rural revitalization and ecological restoration, moderately increase land supply, and restore rural idle land to ecological land, thereby synergistically promoting the development of ecological civilization.

Traditional household travel survey provides the basic data for urban traffic planning and the most authoritative record of urban residents' travel behaviors. With the development of information technology, position data represented by mobile signaling data have shown great potential in the field of temporal-spatial behavior research. However, whether the mobile signaling data can replace the travel survey data is controversial because the travel data accuracy of mobile signaling data is difficult to assess. How credible the identification results are and whether the travel characteristics of residents can be accurately measured remains to be answered. In this study, the travel survey data of Shanghai residents and mobile signaling data with similar dates were used to compare the differences in intensity, time, spatial distribution, purpose, and other characteristics of travels. This study also analyzed the degree of deviation and summarized the causes of errors. The research revealed that the mobile signaling data are more accurate in describing the per capita travel times of the travel population and the travel origin-destination (OD) distribution at the scale above the street, but less accurate in describing the travel time distribution and travel purposes. Our research suggests that the main reasons for the deviation in mobile phone data are the impact of incomplete location records on data quality, the impact of retention time thresholds, spatial thresholds, and home and workplace identification. Due to the above systematic errors, mobile signaling data cannot replace household travel survey data. Nevertheless, the accuracy of mobile signaling data analysis can be improved by sample screening, trip chain data recovery, and improvement of identification methods.

Exploring differentiated development paths on the basis of rural area classification is of great significance for promoting the implementation of the precise rural revitalization strategy and improving rural governance capacity. This research constructed a rural area classification system with a coupled expression of rural functions and bottom-line constraints based on rural units in Ezhou City, and to explore differentiated rural development strategies. The multi-factor comprehensive evaluation method and ISO clustering method were employed. The results show that: 1) The advantageous areas of rural community functions, industrial development functions, agricultural production functions, rural tourism functions, and ecological conservation functions are along roads and rivers, surrounding lakes, and surrounding mountains. 2) The rural areas of Ezhou City can be divided into suburban integration type, agglomeration and upgrading type, special protection type, retention and renovation type, and relocation and merger type, and their functional heterogeneity are obvious. 3) Following the principle of classifying and exposing functional advantages and improving functional shortcomings, this study proposed a variety of development paths, which can promote the integrated development of agriculture, culture, and tourism to build a rural multi-functional complex. The research results suggest differentiated rural development strategies on the basis of clarifying the characteristics of rural area classification, which can provide a theoretical support and practical reference for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.

Along with the rapid transformation of urban-rural relations in China, capital has become an important factor in reorganizing urban-rural elements and promoting the transformation and reconstruction of rural space in urban fringe areas. It is important to clarify its intervention mechanism to complement the interpretation of the dynamics of rural spatial reconstruction. This study constructed an analytical framework of the interaction between capital circulation and rural spatial transformation from the perspective of urban-rural interaction, and took Gangtou, a typical village in the urban fringe area of Guangzhou City, as an example to deeply analyze the stage characteristics of rural spatial transformation and its capital intervention mechanism in the Pearl River Delta urban fringe area. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) The spatial transformation of Gangtou Village has gone through three stages since the 1980s: initial hollowing out under the urban-rural market circulation of rural residents' capital with intergenerational alternation, urbanization and deep hollowing out under the intervention of industrial and commercial capital and limited urban-rural market circulation of surplus value, and initial fleshing out under the transformation of idle rural space by state-owned capital without land acquisition. 2) Capital promotes the spatial transformation of the countryside and the full penetration of the primary to tertiary industries by investing in coordinating the network of rural equity relations to directly transform the space and investing in infrastructure to improve the development environment. The countryside, on the other hand, can induce continuous capital injection by enhancing accessibility and accelerating the integration and restoration of natural and historical cultural resources. 3) Capital intervention realizes urban-rural capital transfer and promotes urban-rural interaction by revitalizing idle space and stimulating rural land and other surplus values. However, the existing capital interventions have strong policy welfare attributes and do not fully characterize shift in the rural-urban flow of surplus value, and the risks of weakening the main status of rural residents, low integration of urban-rural interaction subjects, and the "de-realization of capital" still exist.

The diagnosis and identification of farmland marginalization are intricately linked to establishing a delicate equilibrium between food security and ecological security. This study constructed a comprehensive analytical framework of "temporal diagnosis, explicit and implicit factor interaction, and spatial distribution" by categorizing farmland marginalization types and integrating traditional diagnostic concepts. Using Shepeng Village, the birthplace of the "three changes" reform, as a case study, we conducted an investigation into the spatial and temporal distribution and characteristics of different types of arable land employing standard deviation ellipse, 3D kernel density, and other spatial analysis methods. The findings indicate that: 1) The temporal diagnosis of farmland marginalization can be done through the interannual variation of net income as a key indicator and can be manifested spatially by the trend of farmland conversion to other land use types. 2) Between 2000 and 2020, farmland in Shepeng Village displayed two prominent marginalization phenomena, occurring in 2013-2014 and 2016-2017, with the latter being more pronounced. 3) During 2010-2015, farmland marginalization in Shepeng Village exhibited explicit and implicit characteristics prominently. The physical, natural, and economic marginalization of farmland as explicit features amounted to 7.13 hm², 0.99 hm², and 33.27 hm² respectively. The degree of marginalization in implicit features demonstrated more significant changes before and after the "three changes" reform, displaying characteristics of mutual fusion and alternating changes. Policy recommendations centered around the concept of food security, economic development, and ecological protection were proposed to provide guidance for promoting the protection and sustainable use of farmland in mountainous areas.