New quality productive forces are advanced productive forces under the background of new scientific and technological revolution, which meet the requirements of high-quality development. Understanding its connotation and current situation is crucial to accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces and promoting Chinese style modernization. Based on the connotation and practical requirements of the new quality productive forces, this study used the WSR (Wuli-Shili-Renli) system methodology for reference, constructed the evaluation indicator system of the new quality productive forces, and explored the development process and spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of the new quality productive forces in Chinese cities from 2008 to 2021. The results show that the level of new quality productive forces in China and its four regions presents a significant upward trend, and the intraregional differences are declining. There is a spatial heterogeneity in the level of urban new quality productive forces in China, showing a distribution pattern of "high in the east, medium in the central part, and low in the west and northeast". There are significant differences in the level of urban new quality productive forces at different administrative levels, different population sizes, and different levels of per capita GDP. The level of urban new quality productive forces in China has the characteristics of spatial agglomeration, the local spatial relationships vary little, and the stable hotspots are distributed in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. The level of independent innovation and human resources in the eastern and central regions is higher than that in the western and northeastern regions, while the development of digital technologies and emerging industries is significantly better in the eastern region than in other regions. By examining the change in the spatial and temporal patterns of China's urban new quality productive forces level, we hope to provide a decision-making reference for optimizing layout and accelerating development of the new quality productive forces.

Urban vitality stands as a pivotal driver underpinning the healthy and sustainable evolution of cities, exerting a direct influence on people's welfare, corporate advancement, and urban competitiveness. Adopting an urban organism viewpoint, we draw inspiration from the "vitality triangle" conceptual model and selected specific evaluation indicators from the three key aspects of growth metabolism, diversity, and mobility. The evaluation indicator system consists of six pivotal dimensions: population, economy, society, governance, environment, and external links. We assessed the vitality levels of 290 cities in China at the prefecture level and above by integrating a variety of data, including points of interest, social platforms, nighttime lighting, Baidu Index, population migration, corporate information, environmental monitoring, land use, population census, and statistics. The study revealed that high-vitality cities are mostly concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta region, followed by urban agglomeration areas and provincial capitals. Low-vitality cities are widely distributed in the Northeast region, while cities in the North China Plain area generally exhibit moderate to low levels of vitality. China's urban vitality scores adhere to a power law distribution, accentuating the dominance of a limited subset of cities functioning at heightened vitality levels, while the majority of urban centers demonstrate relatively subdued vitality levels. Cities with large population sizes tend to be more vibrant. Development across the six dimensions showed synergistic effects, displaying spatial variation and agglomeration. Based on dimension scores, Chinese cities fall into five types: high overall vitality, moderately high overall vitality, moderately low overall vitality, government-oriented vitality, and environment-oriented vitality. This research represents a significant contribution to the framework of urban vitality studies, offering a guidance for the advancement and high-quality development of urban vitality in Chinese cities in the post-pandemic context.

The rapid development of e-commerce and express delivery industries has promoted urban logistics activities from production to the daily life. At the same time, the spatial accessibility of terminal logistics facilities is becoming a research hotspot. Due to the lack of data, however, existing research mostly focuses on potential accessibility and lacks effective characterization of revealed or observed accessibility, which restricts a comprehensive understanding of the accessibility of terminal logistics facilities. This study took the central urban area of Guangzhou City as an example, and measured the potential accessibility and observed accessibility of express delivery network facilities based on the two-step floating catchment area method using the express delivery network directory and its delivery data. The results showed that: 1) Peripheral areas such as Baiyun District and Huangpu District have higher potential accessibility, but urban centers such as Liwan District, Haizhu District, and Yuexiu District have higher observed accessibility. 2) Potential accessibility of peripheral areas is overestimated, while the urban centers' accessibility is underestimated. 3) The correlation results show that improving the accessibility of express delivery outlets may be crucial to the prosperity and development of the urban socioeconomic system. The research results provide a new understanding of the accessibility characteristics of terminal logistics facilities and provide a basis for policymakers and relevant stakeholders on how to optimize the spatial layout of facilities.

The establishment of a dry port system is a crucial means for coastal ports to enhance the efficiency of inland cargo circulation and the competitiveness of the supply chain. This study used the theories of port system evolution and push-pull theory to comprehensively analyze the development mechanism of dry ports. It constructed a suitability evaluation indicator system for the selection of dry port sites and conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the suitability of dry port sites in the hinterland of the Fujian coastal port group, exploring the optimization path for the spatial organization of the dry port system. The results indicate a significant spatial disparity in the suitability of potential dry ports in the hinterland of the Fujian coastal port group. Coastal cities and inland provincial capitals exhibit relatively high suitability, while moderately suitable cities are concentrated in the central and eastern parts of the hinterland. Cities with lower suitability levels are primarily located in the central part of Hubei Province and the western part of Hunan Province. The dry port system in the hinterland of the Fujian coastal port group consists of regional and local dry ports, supplemented by general logistics centers, interconnected through three main transportation channels: the North Line, the Middle Line, and the South Line. Ultimately, enhancing the inland collection and distribution system, optimizing the spatial layout of dry ports, and promoting the joint construction and sharing of facilities are crucial directions for the future spatial organization optimization of the dry port system in the hinterland of the Fujian coastal port group.

Under the background of digitalization, the impact of online tourism information flow on offline physical tourist flow is increasingly strengthened. This study took the tourism boom in Zibo City during the May Day holiday in 2023 as an example, and used the big data of Baidu Migration and Baidu Index to directionally reconstruct the tourist flow during the holiday and tourism information flow of each city to Zibo. On the basis of clarifying the spatial characteristics of both flows, this study used multiple linear regression models to quantitatively examine the heterogeneous effects of tourism information flow on tourist flow during the holiday at different spatial and temporal scales. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Tourism information flow had a time-lag promoting effect on tourist flow during the holiday. The accumulated tourism information flow before the holiday also had a significant impact on tourist flow during the holiday. 2) There was a time difference in the peak effect of tourism information flow at different spatial scales. Cities in Shandong Province were responding faster than those in other provinces due to the promotion effect of tourism information flow. 3) In addition to the zonal pattern of tourist flow, the promotion effect of tourism information flow can effectively explain the new phenomenon of cross-regional tourist flow connections between some city-dyads. Based on the conclusions of this study, it is feasible to guide specific cities to strengthen digital-driven tourism network and optimize tourist flow connections within the province, for the purpose of maximizing the effects of tourism information flow on promoting the development of tourist flow in the era of digital economy.

As a spatial representation of population equilibrium, population spatial equilibrium is of great significance to the realization of high-quality development goal. As a major challenge in the world, climate change and the policy pathways to deal with it will profoundly affect the society, economy and environment of the world in the future, and then change the pattern of population spatial equilibrium distribution in China. This study examined the impact of climate change on population spatial equilibrium distribution based on seven typical scenarios in the CMIP6. The concept of "equal possibility-satisfiability" population spatial equilibrium distribution was proposed according to the possibility-satisfiability model, and a multi-region computational model was developed. Based on this model, this study explored the spatial equilibrium distribution pattern of China's population by province in 2035 and 2050 and its constraints under the pathways of climate change and social and economic development in response to climate change. The results show that scenarios with the highest possibility-satisfiability values are SSP1-1.9 and SSP1-2.6, indicating that sustainable development best serves the needs of high-quality population development of China in the future. Conversely, the lowest possibility-satisfiability value is found under SSP3-7.0, suggesting that human development may not be sustainable in the face of the twin challenges of economic growth and climate change, and the fierce inter-regional competition will reduce the quality of development. With the single-factor constraint, in reaching spatial equilibrium distribution of population under SSP2-4.5, compared with the provincial population distribution of China in 2020, the equilibrium population proportions in the northeastern and central provinces increase the most, with relative decrease in the eastern and western provinces. The equilibrium population distributions under the other scenarios demonstrate an increasing trend in the east and a decreasing trend in the west when compared with SSP2-4.5. Notably, natural resources such as grain, forestland, and water resources play a central role in shaping population spatial equilibrium distribution. In contrast, using the multi-factor model, the equilibrium population distributions of the central and western provinces are projected to decrease compared to 2020 due to their decreased natural resource advantages while factors can be substituted by others. The gross equilibrium population distribution further inclines toward the southeast coast. The equilibrium population distributions under the other scenarios are similar to that under SSP2-4.5. Importantly, all scenarios suggest that when population spatial equilibrium distribution is achieved, the population spatial distribution pattern of China delineated by the Hu Line remains unchanged. This indicates that future climate change and the pathways of social and economic development in response to climate change will not alter the significance of the Hu Line for China's population geography. This study can provide policy basis for China to actively respond to climate change in the future and achieve high-quality regional coordinated development.

The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is one of the key strategic development regions in China in the new era. Its ecological construction plays a pivotal role in the socioeconomic development and ecological barrier construction of the Yangtze River Basin, therefore it is very important to carry out dynamic ecological security assessment. This study used an improved three-dimensional footprint model to calculate the footprint depth, footprint size, and 3D ecological footprint of the YREB from 2000 to 2020, and constructed the ecological pressure index, ecological and economic coordination coefficient, occupancy rate of capital flows, and use ratio of stock-flows to quantify the ecological security changes. Finally, partial least squares regression was used to analyze the driving factors of the 3D ecological footprint, in order to understand the ecological security status of the YREB in the process of rapid urbanization, and to promote the coordinated development of the region. The results show that: 1) Temporally, the footprint size of the YREB showed an increasing trend during the study period, but the overall utilization level was not high. The footprint depth was large and showed an obvious increasing trend (except for the Yangtze River Delta), which met the demand for natural resources by consuming capital stock. Spatially, the land use type footprint size was high in the west and low in the east, while the footprint depth was the opposite. In terms of land use type contribution, the proportion of land use types in the footprint size and footprint depth was unbalanced. The contribution rate of cultivated land to the footprint size and depth was the largest, and the ecological sustainability of woodland was better than other land use types. 2) The natural and socioeconomic environments in different regions in the YREB are very different, and their ecological security situation also differs. The Yangtze River Delta area overconsumes the stock and the ecological pressure is huge. In the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the Chengdu-Chongqing area, the ecological environment is relatively secure, but there is a trend of imbalance between the ecological environment and economic development. The upper reaches of the Yangtze River have excellent natural endowment and high ecological security. 3) Driving factor analysis showed that energy consumption, economic development, and urban expansion play a positive role in driving the three-dimensional ecological footprint, while science and technology development level and ecological construction have little impact on the utilization of natural resources at present. It is necessary to increase the investment in science and technology development, optimize the industrial structure, and promote the positive interaction between ecological environment protection and economic development.

Affected by global climate change, freeze-thaw process, crustal movement, and human activities, surface deformation poses a certain threat to regional production, people's living, and ecology. The black soil region in the Songnen Plain is a vital reservoir of arable land in China and represents a prototypical seasonal frozen soil area. Current monitoring efforts for frozen soil surface deformation have been primarily focusing on high-altitude areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with limited attention to high-latitude regions such as the Songnen Plain black soil area. This study utilized data from 68 scenes of Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images and employed Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) technology to derive surface deformation data for the melting and freezing periods in 2016 and 2021 in the Songnen Plain black soil area. Through spatial autocorrelation, change transfer matrix, and average center analyses, the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of surface deformation were investigated. The study also conducted an analysis on the causative factors of surface deformation, considering fault zones, groundwater dynamics, and land use patterns. Key findings include: 1) The deformation during the melting period exhibited a higher average and a more significant variation compared to the freezing period. The average deformation during the melting period was 113 mm, with a range from -63 mm to 244 mm. In contrast, the average deformation during the freezing period was 23 mm, with a range from -64 mm to 120 mm. The range of surface deformation variables in the same season from 2016 to 2021 shows convergence. 2) Seasonal surface deformation in the Songliao Basin follows a "freeze expansion and thaw subsidence" pattern, with minor deformation observed in the western foothills of the Lesser Khingan Range. During the thawing period, subsidence areas gradually shift northeastward, and uplift areas shift from the northeast to the southwest. During the freezing period, subsidence areas shift from Suihua City to the western part of Qiqihar City, and uplift areas shift from the northwest to the south. 3) High-value areas of surface deformation are located along fault zones, and the spatial distribution of surface uplift is correlated with the degree of rock water enrichment. 4) Land use patterns significantly influence surface deformation, with croplands most commonly exhibiting surface deformation. In summary, surface deformation in the Songnen Plain black soil area displays both seasonal differentiations and interannual fluctuations. Real-time monitoring of surface deformation and an exploration of its influencing factors can provide valuable insights for agricultural management, groundwater regulation, and geological disaster prevention.

Since the advent of scholarship initiated by John Brian Haley on the nexus between map and "knowledge-power", research in this domain has proliferated significantly. Nevertheless, extant studies predominantly emphasize the perspective of the original map creators, neglecting an examination of the map dissemination process from the perspective of the general map user. Utilizing the city planning map of Qingdao, purportedly crafted by German in 1910, as a case study, this study employed georeferencing techniques and a comparative analysis of map contents to elucidate the underlying urban planning truth and the historical intricacies hidden behind the map's representation. The results indicate that in the 1950s, some specific map users, who were also specialized urban and rural planning scholars, replicated and reconfigured a contemporary city map produced by German in 1910 and an urban planning map created by Japanese in 1915, resulting in the generation of an entirely new map. Consequently, this distorted map representation has engendered a totally new "historical reality" that subverts people's cognition and challenges the initial map interpretation, facilitated by the extensive propagation of authoritative textbooks. The interplay between the inherent values and ideologies of a specific social class as map users and the map representation in their participation process was further discussed. In essence, this study augmented and nuanced Haley's discourse on map power from the perspective of map users, while also contributing a novel dimension to the cartographic historical analysis, specifically focusing on urban planning maps.

Based on the monthly maximum and minimum temperature data at Wuhan meteorological station in 1906-2015, annual mean temperature during the 110 years was reconstructed and the temporal change was analyzed. The main conclusions are: (1) Annual mean temperature of Wuhan showed multi-decadal variations. Two warm periods were experienced during 1906-1946 and 1994-2015; and between 1947 and 1993, annual mean temperature was relatively low. (2) At multi-decadal temporal scales, annual mean temperature of Wuhan showed several significant warming and cooling trends. The largest warming trends at 30- and 50-year scales were detected during 1980-2009 and 1960-2009, with linear trends amounting to 2.67±0.48 ℃/30a and 2.20±0.50 ℃/50a, respectively. The strongest cooling trends for the same temporal scales were detected for 1928-1957 and 1925-1974, with linear trends being -1.23±0.48 ℃/30a and -1.40±0.35 ℃/50a, respectively. (3) During the 110 years, there existed three abrupt changes in Wuhan annual mean temperature. During the early 1920s and the mid-late 1990s, temperature of Wuhan turned from cold to warm conditions. In the 1940s, the change was to the opposite. (4) Comparing temperature change of Wuhan with global, hemispheric, and China's country scales, the temperatures showed similar temporal evolution, with Wuhan exhibiting greater amplitude of change. The recent pause in global warming was also observed in Wuhan.

This article observes the social space established by relationships inside a certain zone via the exploration of neighborhood relationship, analyzes the territoriality and relationality of a community, and discusses the dialectical unification between social space and all other relationships. By random sampling and qualitative interview, the survey investigated the situation of neighborhood acquaintance dropping in, mutual assistance, conflict, and community identity perception. Huilongguan community represents a typical urban neighborhood, characterized by de-familiarization between neighbors and superficial human association. The TIES model constructed on these features and restricted the neighborhood relationship, consists of the factors of Time, Intention, Event, and Space. It is found that as a new community gradually expanding and developing, Huilongguan boasts relatively harmonious relationships and interactions between the residents and a strong community identity perception, which are very special and reflect the return of traditional community features. Through an analysis of the formation process of Huilongguan community, this study examines the establishment and maintaining mechanism of "a new community", which contains five steps based on time sequence. The creation of a real community needs a certain region and various mechanisms and events. The organic unity relationship between residents plays the dominant role. Space provides an indispensable foundation and the relationships meanwhile shape social space. When residents of a community actively participate in various community activities and fight for their rights, and regard the community as their joint homes, good relationships among neighbors and strong sense of community will be formed and the special mosaic social space structure will be produced. New communications technologies produce new community forms—people can cross community boundaries, even reach the global range to build social relations and social groups, which make global area become a large village

This study divided the migrant population in Shenzhen into three groups based on the sixth census data: inter-city migrants, inter-provincial migrants, and intra-provincial migrants. By calculating location quotient, the proportions of migrants in urban sub-districts were compared within the city. Spatial autocorrelation was used to identify spatial agglomeration, and then a differentiation index was used to characterize the degree of differentiation of migrant population. The ordinary least squares (OLS) model, spatial lag model, and spatial error model were used to analyze and explain the influencing factors of the residential spatial differentiation of migrants, taking the proportion of migrant population as the dependent variable and housing and employment factors as the independent variables. The results show that: (1) The location entropy of the migrant population showed a clear circular structure, with inter-city migrants in Nanshan and Futian Districts in the southwest corner at the center, and inter-provincial and intra-provincial migrants outside. (2) Spatial agglomeration has occurred in the residential distribution of migrant population. Inter-city migrants are distributed around the city administrative center; inter-provincial migrants are concentrated around the commercial center; and intra-provincial migrants are concentrated in sub-districts in Guanwai where industrial parks are concentrated in. (3) The highest degree of residential differentiation was found between the intra-provincial migrants and the population with the hukou (population registration) of Shenzhen. (4) Residential spatial distribution of intra-provincial migrants was significantly affected by housing factors, while inter-provincial migrants was significantly affected by employment factors, and inter-city migrants are affected by both housing and employment factors, but less significantly. The regional characteristics of housing and employment led to the settlement of migrants of all types to specific locations of the city, and thus formed the overall pattern of residential spatial differentiation.