Nature-based solutions and rural spatial restructuring: A systematic review
Received date: 2024-12-31
Revised date: 2025-03-13
Online published: 2025-04-23
Supported by
Major Program of National Social Science Foundation of China(24&ZD145)
Nature-based solutions (NbS) represent an efficient approach to utilizing natural resources while simultaneously protecting ecosystems, addressing the social, economic, and environmental challenges we face today. Recognized internationally as a cutting-edge method for ecosystem management, NbS can be effectively applied to the restructuring of rural spaces. This approach not only mitigates the ecological and environmental crises hindering rural development, but also unlocks the potential for rural growth, fostering comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. This study outlined the conceptual evolution of NbS, and explored the conceptual connotation of rural spatial restructuring based on NbS from the perspectives of various stakeholders, including local governments, village committees, rural business entities, and rural residents. The analysis was structured around four dimensions: ecological space, physical space, economic space, and social space. The research systematically examined the progress in restructuring the ecological space, physical space, economic space, and social space of rural areas through NbS, focusing on ecological conservation and landscape optimization, the optimization of production and living spaces, land consolidation and agricultural transformation, the commodification of natural landscapes, and balancing the needs and expectations of different stakeholders. The study concluded by suggesting future research directions, emphasizing the localization of NbS concepts, the establishment of multi-sectoral collaborative mechanisms, optimization strategies for resource and capital allocation, phased assessments of socioeconomic impacts, and the application of quantitative methods to measure socioeconomic benefits.
LONG Jingran , ZHANG Yingnan , ZHANG Xubo , LI Jing . Nature-based solutions and rural spatial restructuring: A systematic review[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2025 , 44(4) : 670 -683 . DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2025.04.002
图1 基于自然解决方案(NbS)研究引文聚类网络图谱Fig.1 Network graph of citation clustering for research on NbS |
表1 基于自然解决方案的概念演化Tab.1 Evolution of the concept of NbS |
年份 | 组织 | 阶段 | 内容 |
---|---|---|---|
2008 | 世界银行 | 首提概念 | NbS作为一种新的顺应自然的解决方案,能帮助人们更为系统地理解人与自然的关系 |
2009 | 世界自然保护联盟(IUCN) | 逐渐认可 | NbS被正式纳入《联合国气候变化框架公约》 |
2016 | 世界自然保护联盟(IUCN) | 提出定义 | NbS是对自然生态系统或人工生态系统进行保护、可持续管理和恢复,以有效和自适应的方式应对社会挑战,并提供人类福祉和生物多样性效益的行动 |
2016 | 联合国环境大会(UNEA) | 完善定义 | NbS是保护、养护、恢复、可持续利用和管理自然的或经改造的陆地、淡水、沿海和海洋生态系统,从而有效地、适应性地解决社会、经济和环境挑战,同时提供人类福祉、生态系统服务、韧性以及生物多样性益处 |
2019 | 联合国气候行动峰会 | 成为主流 | NbS被列入联合国气候行动的九大领域之一 |
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