Components and mechanism of health impact of multisensory therapeutic landscape in tourism destinations based on the new health geography perspective:A case study of Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park
Received date: 2022-07-22
Revised date: 2023-04-03
Online published: 2023-05-24
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41901174)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M701729)
Health is an old but ever-present topic for human beings, which is closely related to the geographical environment. The new health geography emphasizes the role of place in influencing individual and public health. Multisensory therapeutic landscape research reveals the interactions between elements of place and health practices at various spatial scales. In the context of deep integration of tourism and health, this study used the theoretical framework of therapeutic landscape in health geography, which advances the traditional methodologies that examine the single dimension of visualscape. Taking Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park as a case, this study explored the elements of multisensory therapeutic landscape and its mechanism of health impact in tourism destinations from the perspective of human-land interaction. The user-generated content that directly reflects tourists' perception was adopted to analyze the components and mechanism of health impact of multisensory therapeutic landscape in Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park. Based on the results of analysis using the grounded theory, the therapeutic landscape in Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park was decomposed into four dimensions of visualscape, soundscape, smellscape, and haptiscape, which have unique attributes and complex relationships. The findings confirmed that the therapeutic landscapes in tourism destinations are multisensory while the visualscape is not always dominant. Furthermore, through the multiple correspondence analysis, the meaning of multisensory therapeutic landscape in Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park were clustered into three themes: nature, tranquility and coordination, revealing the health impact mechanism of place in the continuous dynamic interactions between the destination and the tourist. The concept of multisensory therapeutic landscape indicates the interactions between environmental factors and health practices at various spatial scales, which provides a new perspective to explore the relationship between place and human health. The intersection of health geography and tourism geography will enrich the theories and methods of landscape research, and promote the sustainable development of tourism destinations with multisensory therapeutic landscape.
QIU Mengyuan , ZHANG Jie , YANG Jiameng . Components and mechanism of health impact of multisensory therapeutic landscape in tourism destinations based on the new health geography perspective:A case study of Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2023 , 42(5) : 927 -943 . DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.05.008
表1 多维康复景观描述的甄选依据Tab.1 Selection of multisensory therapeutic landscape descriptions |
原问题 | 本文修正后的调查问题 |
---|---|
What do you see in this trip to Destination X? | 在紫金山的旅游行程中看到了哪些有益健康的事物? |
What sounds do you hear during this trip to Destination X? | 在紫金山的旅游行程中听到了哪些有益健康的声音? |
What kinds of scents do you smell during this trip to Destination X? | 在紫金山的旅游行程中闻到了哪些有益健康的气味? |
What do you touch in this trip to Destination X? | 在紫金山的旅游行程中触摸到了哪些有益健康的物体? |
What do you taste in this trip to Destination X? | 在紫金山的旅游行程中品尝到了哪些有益健康的饮食? |
表2 南京紫金山国家森林公园多维康复景观构成要素Tab.2 Elements of multisensory therapeutic landscape in Nanjing Purple Mountain National Forest Park |
康复景观维度 | 要素类型 | 高频词汇(频次) |
---|---|---|
视觉类康复景观 | 山体地貌 | 紫金山(347)、山顶(143)、头陀岭(129)、东郊(60)、全景(48)、俯瞰(48)、山峰(43)、山崖(35)、陡坡(14) |
绿化 | 森林(236)、梧桐(79)、黄叶(32)、青苔(27) | |
绿道 | 绿道(136)、登山口(64)、野路(37) | |
建筑 | 天文台(197)、城墙(52)、亭子(32)、弥勒大佛(29)、碑刻(23) | |
设施 | 台阶(183)、索道(167)、指示牌(56)、地铁(21)、车行道(10) | |
动物 | 鸟儿(136)、虫子(78次)、野生动物(37次)、萤火虫(27次) | |
气象 | 雾气(79)、阳光(57)、雪景(38)、蓝天(26)、白云(26)、日出(12) | |
水体 | 玄武湖(26)、小溪(18)、流水(13) | |
听觉类康复景观 | 静谧 | 安静(283)、无噪声(50) |
生物声 | 鸟叫(201)、蝉鸣(91)、树叶声(54)、狗叫(22)、猫叫(16) | |
地理声 | 风声(164)、雨声(52)、水流声(28)、雷声(14) | |
人声 | 说笑声(67)、唱歌声(53)、走路声(27) | |
机械声 | 汽车声(14)、施工声(12)、警报声(10) | |
嗅觉类康复景观 | 空气味 | 空气(215)、绿肺(63)、氧吧(25) |
自然味 | 花香(168)、青草味(56)、泥土味(10) | |
触觉类康复景观 | 气候类 | 气温(66)、潮湿(55) |
身体类 | 登山(209)、锻炼(91)、露营(29)、拥挤(10) |
表3 聚类分析Tab.3 Cluster analysis |
维度 | Cronbach's α | 特征值 | 惯性 | 百分比/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
维度1 | 0.80 | 0.42 | 0.09 | 46.57 |
维度2 | 0.63 | 0.16 | 0.06 | 23.42 |
总体 | — | 0.58 | 0.15 | 69.99 |
平均 | 0.72 | 0.29 | 0.08 | — |
表4 区分度分析Tab.4 Discriminant analysis |
感官维度 | 要素形式 | 区分度 | |
---|---|---|---|
维度1 | 维度2 | ||
视觉景观 | 山体地貌 | 0.23 | 0.03 |
绿化 | 0.14 | 0.04 | |
绿道 | 0.16 | 0 | |
建筑 | 0.07 | 0.02 | |
设施 | 0.04 | 0 | |
动物 | 0.27 | 0.04 | |
气象 | 0.01 | 0.13 | |
水体 | 0.22 | 0.01 | |
声景观 | 静谧 | 0.34 | 0.14 |
生物声 | 0.03 | 0.10 | |
地理声 | 0.26 | 0.05 | |
人声 | 0.15 | 0 | |
机械声 | 0.09 | 0.04 | |
嗅觉景观 | 空气味 | 0.02 | 0.12 |
自然味 | 0.01 | 0.28 | |
触觉景观 | 气候类 | 0.04 | 0.23 |
身体类 | 0.02 | 0.16 |
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