Hotel competitiveness evaluation and spatial pattern based on Internet data: A case study of high-end hotels of Wuhan urban area
Received date: 2017-11-30
Request revised date: 2018-04-03
Online published: 2018-10-28
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.41601123, No.41601127
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, No.CCNU16BG001
Copyright
The rapid development of the Internet provides a new breakthrough point for urban geography research by using Internet data and technology to study urban physical space problems. Based on customer reviews and comments of online-to-offline (O2O) platform, real-time traffic data, and points of interest (POI) data of web-map, this study set up a competitiveness evaluation index system of high-end hotels and calculated the high-end hotel competitiveness and ranking of Wuhan urban area, then emphatically analyzed its spatial patterns using GIS tools. The results indicate that: (1) With most hotels in the middle and few in the top and bottom rankings, the competitiveness distribution line indicates a general concentrated structure. Price, popularity, business, and commerce services in the surroundings are the main factors that widen the competitiveness levels between hotels. (2) The overall spatial structure is featured by a mixture of point clustering and linear spread that basically concentrate in Wuchang and Hankou town areas within the second ring road. (3) As the competitiveness grades go down, hotels are more likely to locate toward the outskirt of the city, showing a circling spatial structure. (4) The spatial distribution model of Wuhan high-end hotels can be summarized as seven types of hotel spatial layout, such as super-high-end hotels located in the newly-developing business district in the central activity zone (CAZ), middle-leveled high-end hotels located in the traditional business district in the CAZ, and middle-leveled high-end hotels located around traffic gateways, and so on.
Key words: internet data; high-end hotels; competitiveness; spatial structure; Wuhan City
WANG Juan , Li Yajuan , LV Li , HU Jing , ZHANG Xiang . Hotel competitiveness evaluation and spatial pattern based on Internet data: A case study of high-end hotels of Wuhan urban area[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018 , 37(10) : 1405 -1415 . DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.10.010
Fig.1 Distribution of high-end hotels in Wuhan City and the study area图1 武汉境内高端酒店分布及研究区域 |
Fig.2 Spatial structure of the study area图2 研究区域空间结构示意图 |
Tab.1 Evaluation index system of Wuhan high-end hotel competitiveness表1 武汉高端酒店竞争力评价指标体系 |
一级指标(权重) | 二级指标(权重) | 指标说明 |
---|---|---|
X1酒店价格(0.191) | X1-1房间起售价格(0.191) | 反映酒店的档次和消费水平 |
X2酒店人气(0.108) | X2-1酒店点评数(0.108) | 酒店的总点评数 |
X3酒店区位(0.247) | X3-1距离交通门户平均耗时(0.166) | 酒店距离机场、火车站的平均耗时 |
X3-2 2 km内最近地铁站距离(0.063) | 酒店附近最近的地铁站到酒店的距离,2 km内无地铁站的此项得分为0 | |
X3-3 2 km内热门景点数(0.018) | 酒店2 km内可达的热门景点数,包括旅游景点、城市公园、购物商圈等 | |
X4酒店满意度(0.304) | X4-1五星好评占总评论数比例(0.06) | 五星好评数与全部点评数的比值 |
X4-2房间评分(0.075) | 消费者对某酒店房间的打分 | |
X4-3设施评分(0.009) | 消费者对某酒店设施的打分 | |
X4-4环境评分(0.013) | 消费者对某酒店环境的打分 | |
X4-5位置评分(0.031) | 消费者对某酒店位置的打分 | |
X4-6服务评分(0.027) | 消费者对某酒店服务的打分 | |
X4-7卫生评分(0.089) | 消费者对某酒店卫生的打分 | |
X5酒店周边商业服务(0.045) | X5-1 1 km内购物中心/商业街数(0.035) | 酒店1 km缓冲区内购物中心/商业街的数量 |
X5-2 1 km内大型超市数(0.007) | 酒店1 km缓冲区内大型超市的数量 | |
X5-3 500 m内品牌便利店数(0.003) | 酒店500 m缓冲区内购品牌便利店的数量 | |
X6酒店周边商务服务(0.051) | X6-1 1 km内商务大厦数(0.028) | 酒店1 km缓冲区内商务大厦/写字楼的数量 |
X6-2 1 km内企事业单位数(0.011) | 酒店1 km缓冲区内企事业单位的数量 | |
X6-3 1 km内金融机构数(0.012) | 酒店1 km缓冲区内金融机构的数量 | |
X7其他因素(0.054) | X7-1酒店所属集团排名(0.038) | HOTELS杂志公布的“2016年度全球酒店集团排名”,若未上榜,则此项得分为0 |
X7-2酒店客房数(0.01) | 酒店拥有的房间数 | |
X7-3开业或装修时间(0.006) | 酒店最近一次装修时间,开业后未重新装修的即为开业时间 |
Fig.3 Distribution of competitiveness score of the high-end hotels in Wuhan urban area图3 武汉高端酒店竞争力得分分布曲线 |
Fig.4 Trends of competitiveness indicator scores of Wuhan high-end hotels图4 武汉高端酒店竞争力一级指标得分趋势图 |
Fig.5 Trends of relative competitiveness indicator scores of Wuhan high-end hotels图5 武汉高端酒店竞争力一级指标得分相对比例趋势图 |
Tab.2 Grading of Wuhan high-end hotel competitiveness表2 武汉高端酒店竞争力得分等级 |
酒店等级 | 酒店个数 | 最大值 | 最小值 | 平均值 | 标准差 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
第一等级 | 17 | 80.584 | 56.729 | 62.080 | 6.110 |
第二等级 | 62 | 56.073 | 47.408 | 51.382 | 2.512 |
第三等级 | 65 | 47.353 | 40.705 | 44.123 | 2.017 |
第四等级 | 53 | 40.225 | 32.220 | 36.473 | 2.459 |
第五等级 | 37 | 32.048 | 18.256 | 27.781 | 3.793 |
总计 | 234 | 80.584 | 18.256 | 43.034 | 10.028 |
Fig.6 Nuclear density of competitiveness scores of high-end hotels in Wuhan urban area图6 武汉高端酒店竞争力得分空间分布图 |
Fig.7 Nuclear density of competitiveness of five classes high-end hotels in Wuhan urban area图7 武汉主城区高端酒店竞争力各等级核密度 |
Fig.8 Distribution model of high-end hotels based on competitiveness in Wuhan urban area图8 基于竞争力的武汉高端酒店空间分布模型 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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