Original Articles

Methods of delineation of groundwater protection zones the experienced method in England and a practical example

Expand
  • Institute of Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101

Received date: 1999-02-01

  Revised date: 1999-04-01

  Online published: 1999-04-24

Abstract

Establishing protection zones for drinking water resources in China has become possible since May 11, 1984 after the Law on Wastewater Prevention and Treatment was issued. Only a few groundwater protection zones have been established in China, and not all of them have been worked out properly in reality due to the problem of lack of experiences. There are two regulations for the protection of drinking water resources in China, the Drinking Water Hygiene Protection Zones (DWHPZs) and the Drinking Water Protection Zones (DWPZs), which were issued according the Drinking Water Hygiene Standards of 1976 and the Law on Wastewater Prevention and Treatment of 1984, respectively. The DWHPZs have one protection zone, while the DWPZs have three zones. In 1989 the Chinese National Environmental Agency in association with other Ministries issued the Regulation on Pollution Prevention and Treatment of Drinking Water Protection Zones. According to this regulation, a groundwater protection zone should be divided into three subzones. Zone Ⅰ is the pumping area or is some time of travel zone, Zone Ⅱ should have enough travel time, and zone Ⅲ should include the main recharge areas. Generally speaking, there are two types of zone delineating methods, the modern computer modeling method, and the experienced method like the famous 50-day travel time methodology which was found by Dr. Knorr in Germany. It is difficult for many people to apply the computer modeling method, because there is no software available and/or yet much research work needed, especially the geo and biochemical research about the time of travel zone. Therefore the experienced method is used quite popularly. In this case, the only problem is how to use the experienced method in practise. A practical example of the experienced method in England is introduced. In 1990s a project of government was carried out to research the scientific background to land surface zoning for groundwater protection. Inner Zone Ⅰ is defined by a 50-day travel time from any point below the water table to the source and, additionally, as a minimum 50 m radius from the source. Outer Zone Ⅱ is defined by the 400-day travel time or 25% of the source catchment area. Source Catchment Zone Ⅲ is defined as the area needed to support the protected yield from long time groundwater recharge (effective rainfall).

Cite this article

LI Jian xin, TANG Deng yin . Methods of delineation of groundwater protection zones the experienced method in England and a practical example[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 1999 , 18(2) : 153 -157 . DOI: 10.11820/dlkxjz.1999.02.008

Outlines

/