In the context of the major function oriented zoning, the evaluation of the superiority degree of transportation is one of the ten indicators for the classification of major functional zones, especially for the optimization development zones and key development zones. This paper employs the technical processes and assessment methods in The Technical Specification of Regional Division of Provincial Major Functional Zones. Based on the evaluation of the individual and integrated indicators of the 107 counties (city, district) level administrative units in Shanxi Province, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of the superiority degree of transportation in Shanxi Province. The study has the following results. (1) The superiority degree of transportation has a skewed normal distribution. Some 7.48% of the counties (cities, districts) have outstanding transportation advantages, and 23.36% have obvious disadvantages. Compared to the national transportation superiority degree assessment, the ratios of both the counties (cities, districts) with outstanding advantages and disadvantages are significantly higher in Shanxi Province. (2) It is characterized by a regional differentiation of“high in the north and low in the south”and“high in the east and low in the west”. Taiyuan, Yuncheng, Changzhi, and Datong, the four city-and-town concentrated areas, have significant transportation advantages with a“Da-shaped”pattern of distribution in the province. This is mainly caused by the comprehensive functions of multi-factors such as the national trunk line construction, the coal resource development, the topography and so on. (3) Roads, especially highways, is the main factor that affects the evaluation. However, the regional distribution of roads is uneven. If a connecting line is drawn from Yuxian to Yonghe, we will find that regional road network density is significantly higher in the southern and eastern parts of the line compared to that in the northern and western parts. Contiguous areas with low superiority degree values are found in Luliang mountain areas and along the Yellow River. Two dense road network belts, i.e. Taiyuan-Yuncheng and Taiyuan-Jincheng road network belts, are formed in the province.