By the remote sensed data (TM 1∶250000) in 1986 and 1996, the agricultral land use change and the regional differences in Hulunbeier Distract were discussed and analyzed. Further, the spatial change law of the arable land use in Hulunbeier District was analyzed by calculating the change of the gravity center of the arable land in the past ten years. On the basis of the results, the impact of land use change on rural agricultural sustainable development was discussed in the respect of economic effects, ecological effects and social effects. The result indicates:\;(1) The agricultural land use changed rapidly in the past ten years. The arable land increased and the grassland decreased.\;(2) The spatial change of the agricultural land use is also very notable; the gravity center of arable land moved 33.15km towards northwest.\;(3) The arable land use change in the past ten years is very useful to reasonable land use and rural agricultural sustainable development of Hulunbeier District.