Since 1980s, especially during the recent years, because of needs of global environment problems and its sustainable development, ecology has changed greatly in its study content, direction, attempt, scale and methodology, and a lot of new study fields have appeared, which include global change, sustainable development, biodiversity, landscape ecology, wetland ecology, degradation of ecosystem, restoration ecology, ecological engineering, ecological economics, etc.. This paper gives a sketchy review on the above hot ecological study fields with an attempt to provide some guides for ecological researchers.