乡村土地利用结构效率时空特征及影响因素

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.09.012

Abstract

Abstract:

It is of great practical significance to explore the regional differences in the structure efficiency of rural land use to guide the efficient use of rural land. At the same time, under the background of the strategy of rural revitalization, scientific and rational evaluation of the spatial and temporal allocation of rural land can provide land resources guarantee for the sustainable development of rural areas. Taking 31 provinces and cities in the mainland of China as the research object from 2009 to 2016, the spatial and temporal differentiation and influencing factors of rural land use structure efficiency were discussed by using Super-SBM model and geographical detector. The results show that: 1) The overall efficiency of China's rural land use structure in 2009-2016 was in the middle level and showed an upward trend year by year. 2) There was a significant spatial difference in the efficiency of input and output of rural land use in China. The input and output efficiency of rural land use in China showed a distribution pattern of high to low from the east to west, and the efficiency in the north area is higher than that in south area. 3) The influence of various factors on the structural efficiency of rural land use in China has temporal volatility and spatial heterogeneity. The influence of rural conditions was significantly higher than that of urban-rural relationship. And the impacts of regional economy and industrial structure on the structural efficiency of rural land use have been significantly improved. 4) In the process of rural land use in China, all types of land use are shown as input redundancy, and the proportion of economically available land among regions is obviously different, the eastern area needs to adjust ecological space such as garden land and forest land, the middle and western regions need to consider the whole land use structure optimization, while northeast area needs to focus on the intensive and efficient use of village land.

Key words: rural area, land use structure, temporal and spatial characteristics, influencing factors, China

YANG Kui,ZHANG Yu,ZHAO Xiaofeng,WEN Qi,ZHONG Taiyang. Temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of structural efficiency of rural land use[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(9): 1393-1402.

Figures/Tables 5

Tab.1

Fig.1

Tab.2

Tab.3

Tab.4

References 45

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目标层	因素层	控制层	指标层
投入指标	土地	耕地	耕地(万hm²)
		园地	园地(万hm²)
		林地	林地(万hm²)
		草地	天然牧草地(万hm²)
			沼泽草地(万hm²)
			人工牧草地(万hm²)
		交通运输用地	农村道路(万hm²)
		水域及水利设施用地	水库水面(万hm²)
			坑塘水面(万hm²)
			沟渠(万hm²)
		城镇村及工矿用地	村庄(万hm²)
		其他土地	设施农用地(万hm²)
		其他土地	田坎(万hm²)
产出指标	经济效益	期望产出	乡村GDP(亿元)
	社会效益	期望产出	粮食产量(万t)
	生态效益	非期望产出	碳排放总量(万t)

效率	2009年	2013年	2016年
低水平	湖北(0.143)、广西(0.214)、海南(0.147)、云南(0.218)、青海(0.189)	海南(0.219)	海南(0.247)、新疆(0.201)
中低水平	浙江(0.471)、安徽(0.319)、福建(0.372)、湖南(0.355)、广东(0.401)、四川(0.356)、宁夏(0.261)	安徽(0.432)、福建(0.453)、湖北(0.284)、湖南(0.412)、广西(0.316)、贵州(0.389)、云南(0.389)、青海(0.256)、宁夏(0.285)、新疆(0.317)	湖北(0.371)、湖南(0.442)、广西(0.341)、云南(0.425)、宁夏(0.320)
中等水平	内蒙古(0.710)、江西(0.613)、陕西(0.673)	广东(0.574)、四川(0.502)	安徽(0.545)、福建(0.500)、四川(0.603)
中高水平	北京(0.825)、河北(0.787)	内蒙古(0.973)、浙江(0.873)、江西(0.893)、甘肃(0.972)	辽宁(0.924)
高水平	天津(1.000)、山西(1.001)、辽宁(1.004)、吉林(1.012)、黑龙江(1.011)、上海(1.006)、江苏(1.001)、山东(1.000)、河南(1.000)、重庆(1.000)、贵州(1.002)、西藏(1.000)、甘肃(1.000)、新疆(1.001)	北京(1.000)、天津(1.003)、河北(1.000)、山西(1.000)、辽宁(1.018)、吉林(1.013)、黑龙江(1.003)、上海(1.000)、江苏(1.000)、山东(1.000)、河南(1.000)、重庆(1.000)、西藏(1.000)、陕西(1.001)	北京(1.070)、天津(1.010)、河北(1.006)、山西(1.006)、内蒙古(1.004)、吉林(1.008)、黑龙江(1.001)、上海(1.024)、江苏(1.040)、浙江(1.021)、江西(1.000)、山东(1.004)、河南(1.017)、广东(1.002)、重庆(1.028)、贵州(1.004)、西藏(1.030)、陕西(1.001)、甘肃(1.000)、青海(1.002)

探测因子	影响因素	2009年		2016年
探测因子	影响因素	P_D,U	排名	P_D,U	排名
X₁	GDP	0.0992	6	0.2217	4
X₂	第一产业比重	0.1855	4	0.2902	1
X₃	乡村人口数	0.2610	1	0.2327	2
X₄	第一产业从业人数	0.2409	2	0.1974	6
X₅	恩格尔系数	0.2091	3	0.2230	3
X₆	城镇化率	0.1705	5	0.1988	5
X₇	城乡人均收入比	0.0993	7	0.1680	7

地区	投入(冗余)															产出(优化)
地区	耕地	园地		林地		草地		村庄		道路		水域		其他		乡村GDP	粮食产量	碳排放
全国	7.89		46.45		38.57		38.46		4.51		8.82		23.00		38.06	11.00	3.07	1.52
东部	3.78		39.53		46.15		16.46		1.60		4.28		12.31		17.29	-2.78	1.18	1.90
中部	11.52		50.77		67.89		31.71		4.30		6.68		44.97		33.92	30.01	0	2.68
西部	11.66		55.42		37.32		38.75		9.49		16.85		18.83		45.21	30.67	9.18	0.45
东北	0.93		6.76		1.78		0.03		-0.06		0.66		-0.06		1.66	5.16	1.69	0.09

Temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of structural efficiency of rural land use

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