西南岩溶地区碳循环观测与模拟研究进展和展望

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.08.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Carbon cycle in karst regions is characterized by a double-layer structure of surface and underground spaces, organic-inorganic coupling, and biological and abiotic process interactions. It is more unique and complex relative to other terrestrial ecosystems. Southwest China is the biggest region of continuous karst landform in the world. The paths and processes of carbon cycle in this region are basically clear based on former research results. However, the carbon flux and transformation mechanisms of the rock, soil, vegetation, atmosphere, and water interfaces are still unclear. It is urgent to perform precision observation of the different components on the scale of small watershed and remote sensing estimation and model simulation on the regional scale. The research progress on observations and simulations of the carbon cycle in Southwest China were summarized in details in this study, and future research emphases were proposed.

Key words: carbon cycle, ground observation, remote sensing, process model, Southwest China

MA Mingguo,TANG Xuguang,HAN Xujun,SHI Weiyu,SONG Lisheng,HUANG Jing. Research progress and prospect of observation and simulation of carbon cycle in the karst areas of Southwest China[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(8): 1196-1205.

Figures/Tables 1

Tab. 1

Comparison of model characteristics of carbon cycle

模型类型	代表性模型	优点	缺陷	参考文献
地球化学过程模型	CENTURY模型	综合考虑生物、土壤、水分,结合气候、人类活动、土壤性状等驱动因子	难以模拟短时间尺度内的极端气候,缺乏对光合作用过程的精细化模拟	Parton et al, 1993 Molina et al, 1997
	Biome-BGC模型	模拟植被的动态变化与气候变化的响应	未考虑干扰因子,不适用于大尺度范围	Running et al, 1993 Thornton et al, 2002
	BEPS模型	适用于大尺度范围,不同类型的数据兼容性强	未考虑各种扰动因子对森林生态系统生产力的影响	Stéphanie et al, 2006 Wang et al, 2014
	InTEC模型	同时考虑气候、林分年龄及森林扰动对碳循环的影响,时间分辨率为30 d	未考虑土壤湿度变化造成植被冠层传导率对碳循环的影响	Chen et al, 2000 Ju et al, 2007
	DLEM模型	综合考虑地球化学过程和植被动态过程,时间分辨率为1 d	模型所需参数类型多,限制其广泛的应用	Chen et al, 2000 Xu et al, 2010
生物过程模型	CASA模型	侧重考虑光合作用过程,能通过光合有效辐射和光能利用率等估算植被生产力	未考虑散射辐射、直接辐射等其他因素而导致模型在阴天时存在低估的现象	Potter et al, 1993 Li et al, 2012
生物过程模型	MPASS模型	侧重于植被冠层辐射传输和水分传输等过程,用于模拟全球潜在植被的分布状况	该模型主要依据于北美与欧洲的气候和植被的分布关系所创建,用于我国西南岩溶区会有一定的误差	Neilsonet al, 2010 赵茂盛等, 2002
陆面物理过程模型	LPJ-GUESS模型	可以模拟多种尺度的陆地生态系统的结构和功能	未涉及氮循环、人类活动及土地利用变化的干扰	Smith et al, 2001 Sitch et al, 2003
	AVIM模型	能够较好的模拟区域尺度陆地生态系统能量传输过程	忽略植被类型间的竞争关系以及植被季节演替过程中对模型参数的影响	Ji et al 1995
	SiB系列模型	重点考虑了生物物理反馈过程CO₂,对温度、蒸散发及能量平衡的模拟效果较好	忽略了土壤呼吸、土壤水分、局部小气候以及植被叶片到冠层的尺度变化	Sellers, 1985 Hanan et al, 2005
	IBIS模型	综合考虑了地球物理、化学和生物过程,能够耦合大气环流模式,能够模拟复杂的、时间跨度大的碳循环过程,在区域尺度和全球尺度都能得到广泛的应用	不适用于模拟精确的生态学过程,其温度函数和呼吸系数容易造成计算结果的误差	Kuchariket al, 2000 Yuan et al, 2014 Christopher et al, 2006

Tab. 1

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Research progress and prospect of observation and simulation of carbon cycle in the karst areas of Southwest China

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