基于遥感数据的叶尔羌河流域水文过程模拟与分析

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In the desert-oasis ecology system of northwest China, water cycle in the mountain region is very important for the water resources management in downstream regions. To accurately understand the hydrological processes in high altitude and cold mountainous areas, a MIKE SHE model was applied to the Yarkant River Basin based on the remote sensing data of precipitation, temperature, and potential evapotranspiration, and the hydrological processes were analyzed based on the simulated outputs of runoff, snow, and evapotranspiration. The results suggest that the corrected remote sensing data are suitable for hydrological modeling of the Yarkant River Basin. At the Kaqun station, Nash efficiency coefficient and correlation coefficient are 0.71 and 0.85 at the daily scale. The annual mean stream runoff was 146.66 mm, among which base flow was 21.3%. The annual mean snowfall was 231 mm, which accounted for 74% of precipitation; 73.9% of the snowmelt occurred in July to September, and the snow storage is primarily distributed in the elevation zone above 5000 m. The evapotranspiration mainly occurred in the mid-low mountains covered by vegetation in June to September. The satellite data processed by appropriate methods are useful for the hydrological study in high-cold alpine catchments; multiple hydrological components could improve the understanding of water resources’ transition, storage, and distribution, which will contribute to the water resource management in the downstream regions.

Key words: hydrological model, hydrological processes, remote sensing data, Yarkant River Basin

Jiao LIU, Tie LIU, Yue HUANG, Anming BAO. Simulation and analysis of the hydrological processes in the Yarkant River Basin based on remote sensing data[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(6): 753-761.

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数据	来源	分辨率	提供参数
DEM	SRTM	90 m×90 m	地形、流域边界、河网水系
土地利用	基于2010年Landsat TM的解译	.shp 文件	地表的植被覆盖类型
土壤类型	HWSD	500 m×500 m	土壤类型及其属性
降水	TRMM 3B42 V6	0.25°×0.25°	日值的降水量
温度	MODIS 11C1	0.05°×0.05°	日值的平均地表温度
潜在蒸散发	FEWS NET Data Portal	0.5°×0.5°	日值的潜在蒸散发量
积雪覆盖	MODIS 10A2	500 m×500 m	8天的最大积雪覆盖面

站点	D_r	D_w	D_{w_0.3}	R_raw	R_cor	PRE_TRMM	PRE_TRMM._cor	PRE_OBS
塔什库尔干	0.54	0.75	0.95	0.26	0.56	210.95	111.03	94.57
皮山	0.15	0.88	0.99	0.36	0.67	40.25	49.46	54.28

月份	总降水/mm	降雪/mm	融雪/mm	储雪变化/mm	地表径流/mm	基流/mm	实际蒸散发/mm
3~5月	76.03	62.33	32.24	15.33	12.87	5.04	32.56
6~8月	145.57	88.90	112.74	-29.49	75.45	13.68	59.73
9~11月	40.55	32.68	7.34	17.39	22.26	8.71	22.12
12~次年2月	47.49	47.03	0.24	43.41	4.73	3.94	4.32
年平均	309.64	230.93	152.56	46.64	115.30	31.36	118.72

Simulation and analysis of the hydrological processes in the Yarkant River Basin based on remote sensing data

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