PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1288-1302.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.10.012
• Reviews • Previous Articles
Hu YU1,2(), Qingqing LIU3, Tian CHEN1,2, Lin LU4,*(
), Yajuan LI5
Online:
2016-10-28
Published:
2016-10-26
Contact:
Lin LU
E-mail:yuhuashd@126.com;llin@263.net
Supported by:
Hu YU, Qingqing LIU, Tian CHEN, Lin LU, Yajuan LI. Organizational structure, drivers of change, and development characteristics of metropolitan tourism system[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(10): 1288-1302.
Tab.1
Different understandings of the regional tourism system
旅游系统要素 | 参考文献 |
---|---|
旅游地域系统由吸引物组团、服务社区、中转通道和区内连接通道等要素之间的相互作用共同构成;旅游功能系统有需求板块和供给板块(包括交通、信息促销、吸引物和服务等)两大要素,具有动态性、相互依赖性和相互作用性 | Gunn, 1988; Gunn et al, 2002 |
旅游空间结构包含运动模式、路径、节点、层次、地域、扩散六个集合要素 | Haggett, 1978 |
旅游要素包括旅游者、客源地、交通路线、目的地、旅游产业,五个要素在功能和空间联系上相互交错,旅游者、目的地和旅游信息传递者三者间的联系和交织作用形成了旅游吸引系统 | Leiper, 1979, 1990 |
区域旅游系统是一个与区域全球化发展相联系的全球系统 | Sessa, 1988 |
构建了基于旅游目的地空间规划布局模式的区域旅游系统,并将其分为单节点、多节点和链状节点三种类型 | Dredge, 1999 |
旅游地域系统涉及到客源地、旅游区、旅游通道三个断面,旅游活动可视为通过旅游通道在客源地与旅游区之间形成的物质、要素的流动与再分配 | 王家骏, 1994 |
旅游系统包括客源市场系统、出行系统、目的地系统和支持系统四部分 | 吴必虎, 1998; 吴必虎等, 1999 |
旅游系统由旅游主体(旅游者)、旅游客体(旅游目的地)、旅游媒介(旅游企事业)三大要素构成,具有开放性、整体性、竞争性 | 吴人韦, 1999 |
由供给系统(旅游地域系统、服务系统、教育系统、商品系统)和需求系统组成,包括旅游资源、旅游区、生态环境、交通路线、中心城镇、旅游者等内容 | 陈安择等, 1991 |
由直接系统(旅游者、旅游产品和旅游媒体)、介入系统(社会服务系统)和支持系统(支持行业或部门)组成,是开放性、复合型、复杂巨系统 | 彭华, 2000 |
旅游系统空间以区域中心城市为核心,通过交通线路实现旅游区联系;社会政治、经济和地理区位决定了不同旅游地的空间联系 | 林刚, 1996 |
区域旅游系统关键组成要素包括旅游目的地区域、旅游区、节点、区内路径、人口通道和客源地市场等六个要素 | 黄金火等, 2005 |
区域旅游“点—轴”结构系统特征包括:吸引物集聚、旅游者集聚、旅游设施集聚、空间可达性、客源市场和旅游交通轴线 | 龙茂兴等, 2010 |
旅游目的地区域核心表现为旅游区、旅游节(景)点和旅游路径三种空间要素 | 杨新军等, 2004 |
区分为地域、线性、等级、节点四种要素 | 黄泰等, 2003 |
由目的地、客源地和交通线三类具有空间和功能联系的子系统组层的地域系统 | 吴晋峰等, 2002 |
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