近年中国很多以人口流出为典型特征的经济欠发达地区的县城或城区出现低收入和高消费并存的现象。 这种矛盾的农村收入—消费关系形成一个“经济学悖论”，很难获得解释。本文以安徽省庐江县作为实证研究地区，对这一现象进行了系统分析，强调运用地理学的视角，从区域系统以外寻求解释。发现区域人口流动是形成人口流出区低收入、高消费现象的关键原因，另外，特殊消费群体的带动、传统文化习俗也是重要的影响因素。庐江模式的理论意义在于，它表明即使是在经济欠发达地区，乡村系统经受了市场经济的洗礼已具备开放特征，依靠其自身力量，欠发达地区可以彻底打破计划经济遗留下的城乡二元分割，并实现城乡融合发展。

The phenomenon of low level of income and high level of consumption appears in the county towns of developing areas in rural China where plenty of migrants out-flow in recent years. This relationship between income and consumption looks like contradictory, which does not accord with the principle of economics and is difficult to get an explanation. In this paper, taking Lujiang as an example, the authors try to analyze and explain this phenomenon based on geographical viewpoint. They find that the out-flow of migration is the most important reason which lead to the low income and high consumption. Moreover, some special groups and traditional cultural customs are also important reasons. The model of Lujiang shows that in the developing areas of China, the opening and marketing of rural system can eliminate the urban-rural division which is the result of planned economy.