从全球生产网络到全球金融网络：理解全球-地方经济联系的新框架

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.10.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球化带来的新国际劳动分工使全球生产网络(Global Production Network, GPN)成为研究全球经济与区域发展的重要框架。与此同时,金融在现代社会经济运行中的地位日益提升,经济金融化在全球不同尺度下深刻影响着经济活动的空间分布和网络。因此,金融已经成为GPN研究不能忽略的重要环节。更重要的是,金融化带来的逻辑也日益深刻地影响到GPN的演化和运行。尽管GPN研究日益重视金融的作用,并开始研究金融业的全球生产网络,但是随着越来越多的企业通过获得国际股权投资或者在境外资本市场上市等方式融入全球资本市场,主要从生产角度理解地方经济融入全球过程的GPN难以对该现象深入分析。全球金融网络(Global Financial Network, GFN)为刻画和分析这个过程提供了新的框架。在这个分析框架中,地方经济体通过高级商业服务业(Advanced Business Service, ABS)企业与世界城市(国际金融中心)和离岸管辖区产生联系,从而融入GFN。论文介绍了GFN的基本结构,探讨了地方经济融入GFN的主要方式及其产生的影响。最后,提出GFN未来在理论和实证方面可继续深入研究的方向。

关键词: 全球生产网络, 全球金融网络, 全球-地方联系, 区域发展

Abstract:

The new international division of labor brought about by globalization has made the global production network (GPN) an important framework for the study of global economic and regional development. At the same time, the status of finance in the operation of modern social economic systems is increasing. Economic financialization has a significant impact on the spatial distribution and network of economic activities at different scales in the world. Therefore, finance has become the necessary basis of production activities in GPN. More importantly, the logic brought by financialization has profoundly affected the operation and change of GPN. Although GPN research has been paying attention to the role of finance and has begun to study the GPN of financial industry, inadequacies still exist. As increasingly more firms are integrated into the global capital market by obtaining international equity investment or listing in overseas capital market, it is difficult for the GPN framework to thoroughly analyze this phenomenon. Global financial Network (GFN) provides a new framework for describing and analyzing this process. In this analytical framework, local economies connect with world cities (international financial centers) and offshore financial jurisdictions through advanced business service (ABS) firms, thus forming GFN. This article first introduced the basic concept of GFN, including its main entities and network structure. Then we discussed the ways and further influences for cities or regions to integrate into GFN, focusing on the global-local economic linkages built by this process. Finally, we put forward the direction of further theoretical and empirical research of GFN in the future.

Key words: global production network, global financial network, global-local economic linkages, regional development

潘峰华,方成. 从全球生产网络到全球金融网络：理解全球-地方经济联系的新框架[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019, 38(10): 1473-1481.

PAN Fenghua,FANG Cheng. From global production network to global financial network: A new framework for understanding global-local economic linkages[J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(10): 1473-1481.

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异同之处		GPN	GFN
相同	尺度建构方法	基于关系进行尺度建构,使用网络隐喻来刻画全球-地方经济联系
不同	产生的主要背景	全球化和新国际劳动分工	金融化和金融全球化
	研究的主要现象	企业的全球生产活动	企业的全球融资活动
	企业行动者	领先企业、战略合作伙伴、专业供应商(产业指定或跨产业)、普通供应商、主要消费者	ABS企业、融资企业
	涉及的地理单元	研究区域	研究区域、世界城市和离岸管辖区
	对区域发展的解释	区域和GPN的战略耦合、退耦合、再耦合过程中价值如何被创造、提高和捕获	区域通过融入GFN,获取专业化知识溢出和资本通道等收益,同时也面对金融全球化带来的风险