The spatial distribution of scientific and technological innovation talents (STIT) reflects the scientific research strength, technology distribution, and development potential. It is important to examine the distribution patterns of STIT, in order to formulate talent development strategy, provide decision-making references for innovation to drive high-quality development, and construct talent hub. In this study, the spatial scale, density, agglomeration index, and spatial autocorrelation of STIT of 11 cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area (GBA) from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) From the 11th Five-Year Plan to the 13th Five-Year Plan of China, the scale of STIT in the GBA had developed rapidly, from about 430 thousand to more than 1.14 million, while the spatial distribution was uneven. 2) The density of STIT in Shenzhen City ranked first among the 11 cities in the GBA. The talent density per unit population of Shenzhen was seven times as much as the minimum city, while talent density per unit area of Shenzhen was 190 times as much as the minimum city. The densities of STIT in Jiangmen and Zhaoqing Cities were relatively low. 3) The attraction of Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Guangzhou Cities for STIT was strong, while that of Huizhou, Jiangmen, and Zhaoqing was weak. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the attraction of Shenzhen, Dongguan, Hong Kong, and Zhuhai increased, and the attraction of Macao, Zhongshan, Guangzhou, and Foshan for STIT decreased. 4) There was no significant correlation between location and the spatial distribution characteristics of STIT in the GBA cities. The cities of the GBA had not effectively linked to form a joint force to construct talent hub. 5) The basic security for city living, as well as the improvement of the environment and investment for innovation, had a significant positive impact on the work of STIT in the GBA, which affected the distribution characteristics of STIT. Therefore, considering the advanced ideas and practices, countermeasures and recommendations for optimizing the distribution of STIT and building the high-caliber talent centers of the GBA were put forward.