Gullies are the areas with the most obvious changes in the morphological characteristics on the Loess Plateau, and their development has an important control effect on the development of the entire Loess Plateau region. Based on the digital elevation model (DEM) data at a resolution of 5 m, this study investigated 42 sites covering 15 geomorphological types on the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi. Representative factors (gully density, lateral expansion degree, and downcutting depth) of the three spatial dimensions were used to analyze the multi-dimensional development process, characteristics, spatial differentiation, and influencing factors of the gullies. The results show that the development of gullies in the north-south direction of the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi has shifted from traceable erosion dominated to lateral-tracing erosion, tracing-downcutting erosion, and lateral-tracing erosion. Of the sample sites, 54.8% have similar effects on the overall development process in each dimension, and 86.4% of these are in the central area of the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi, that is, the central area has a balanced multi-dimensional development, and the north and south ends are dominated by traceable erosion and lateral erosion. Combined with the hypsometric index, we found that the gully development can be divided into three stages. In the early stage of development, traceable erosion is the main driving force, leading to downcutting erosion accompanied by lateral erosion, and in the middle stage of development, traceable erosion is dominant, accompanied by continuous lateral erosion and strong downcutting erosion. Later stage of development is dominated by lateral erosion, accompanied by a certain degree of tracing erosion and slight downcutting erosion. Loess thickness has the greatest influence on the vertical erosion of the gully system (Cv=0.164), and land use type has the greatest influence on the lateral erosion of the gully system (Cv=0.0681). Forestland maintains the strongest anti-erosion ability for each dimension, followed by dense grass and shrubs and crops, and sparse grass and crops are the poorest.