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    Original Articles
  • Original Articles
    Qi Qingwen, Zhang Anding
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    As an old and also young discipline, cartography plays an important role in Geo science. This paper starts at discussing the scientific value of maps and the disciplinary category of cartography, and then expounds deeply the model of knowledge innovation & increment of cartography. Furthermore, the authors present their design on the knowledge innovation system of cartography and the scheme of research on it. Finally, three major knowledge innovation points of cartography are analyzed, including their essence, difficulties in them, as well as innovation approaches. The authors conclusions are as follows: 1)the knowledge innovation of cartography embodies the increment of map’s scientific value, and the various applications of cartography reflects the enhancement of map’s social functions; 2)the scheme of the Knowledge innovation of cartography covers the whole process of cartography, i.e., from pure basic theoretic research to applicational basic theoretic research, and to technological innovation, and finally the development of new map products.
  • Original Articles
    Fu Xiaofeng
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    Sustainable development has become one of the most important issues of the mankind. At first, according to the situation of China, this paper mainly recounts the contributions in Chinese traditional culture, agricultural achievement, population control and economic development. Secondly, it analysis the main challenges of sustainable development in China as follows: (1) the huge cardinal number of population and the higher increase of population in absolute magnitude influence the accumulation and the consumpution level; (2) the shortage of agricultural resources and infrastructures endanger the food security of China; (3) the shortage of natural resources, degeneration of ecological environment and its protection face a new challenge; (4) eliminating poverty will be a great task. Finally, it conclude the China’s actions to promote sustainable development.
  • Original Articles
    Wu Kai
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    The flood in the Changjiang River in 1998 was another catastrophic and whole basin one since 1954, the characteristics of which were: unusual climate, high water level, long continued time, the encounter of floods in the upper and the middle or the lower reaches, big economic loss affected by the flood. The warnings of the flood for us are: continued floods in the past, unremitting flood preventing, imperative razing the protective embankments in the flood lands and draining flood, effective flood diversion and flood storage regions, unrealizable returning farmland to lake in a large scale, marvellous water diversion in the upper reaches in the Changjiang River, transferring soil reservoir for taking radical measures.
  • Original Articles
    Liu Yansui
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    The optimal allocation of land use not only include the macroscopic optimization of the structural pattern of quantity and space, but also include the reasonable matching of productive factors in microcosmic scale. Thus, it is a multi objective and hierarchic sustainability process of fitted measure. Taking Yueqin city as an example, the new method to study the optimal allocation of land use in county region using family model is put forward in this paper. The family model are composed of three patterns, namely, spatial zone, structural optimization and microcosmic design model according to the internal relation of optimal allocation objectives of land use, which can give play to itself single action and synthetic advantage to coordinate relation between quantity and space, macroscopic and microcosmic in the light of their identity and complementary in the allocation and measure. Therefore it has wide application prospect. Although there are different visual angles among three models, they own common center to seek for the topgallant structural effects of land use. Their combinative way is to build harmonious mechanism between the suitable expansion of non agricultural constructive land and efficient preservation of cultivated land and microcosmic stimulant mechanism of intensive use of various lands. Its essence is that the optimal combination of two powers, expanding out of constructive land in town and the regulative constraint of basic farm, will be put into together. The optimal allocation of land use is a unity between land productivity organization and land production relation coordination. Therefore, its tasks are not only to promote regional industrial structure upgrade and optimal layout by carrying out the plan of optimal allocation of land use, but also to actuate the reasonable matching of microcosmic productive factors in land use depends on the progress of science and technique and the perfection of market mechanism.
  • Original Articles
    Wang Liming
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    The regional sustainable development decision making supporting system (RSD DSS) is a computer based technology supporting environment for the group of decision makers to resolve regional sustainable development problems. The main trend of the RSD DSS is to emphasize on the combination of new computer technologies. This paper analyzes the following key technologies applied in RSD DSS: distributed network technology, management technology for qualitative model base and quantitative model base, information interinfiltrate technology, metasynthetic engineering technology, qualitative reasoning technology and fuzzy decision making technology. The pattern of RSD DSS based on the distributed network is different from that based on single computer. The author puts forward a new kind of RSD DSS, the Virtual DSS (V DSS). It is a logical network built on the physical network. Due to the virtual feature, the establishment of the V DSS will cost less investment than that of the physical network. The V DSS can be constructed as an open system according to the standards of Internet, a typical open system. The V DSS can keep high flexibility: the participant of V DSS can be changeable according to the problems of the regional sustainable development decision making. It is very urgent to set up the DSS of regional sustainable development in China’s coastal areas. Since the economy reform in 1978, great progresses of economy and society development have been made in those areas. However, there are also many problems that reduce the capacity of regional sustainable development of them, such as population problem, resource problem, environment problem and development problem. In order to resolve such multi regional problems, the author suggests that the V DSS be put into use in the regions.
  • Original Articles
    Zhao Yongping, Cheng Jicheng, Guo Jingjun, Li Qi
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    Through the analysis to the research background and content of geospatial information, the authors present the point that digital earth is the beginning for people to enter the spatial information age. Considering the key technologies of digital earth, the authors also give the model that digital earth should be implemented via global level, regional level and national level. In the 21st Century, it can and must be an engine for economic growth, and digital earth will act key role for the development. Digital earth will also be the main information resource for decision makers to establish liveable communities.
  • Original Articles
    Li Juzhang, Jing Ke, Li Fengxin
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    Many kinds of models of slope erosion have been developed in home and abroad, but there is not a mature model reckoning the erosion on the basin scales. Thus, sediment discharges measured at the outlets of the basins are usually used as the volumes of sediment erosion in the basins. Taking the advantage of availability of lots of sediment barriers scattered in the middle Yellow River, an erosion model with a varying weight of factors was constructed in the paper through analyzing the mechanisms of influences of factors on erosion and by dividing the areas with different erosive landforms. The data of 155 barriers with 100% sediment detention efficiency were used in developing the model. These data include the annual volumes of sediment accumulation in each of the sediment barriers and the values of factors influencing erosion in the basins, upstream to these barriers. The factors are vegetation coverage, precipitation, density of gullies, depth of dissection, properties of surface material, and percentage of cultivated lands in the slopes with a gradient larger than 150. The model was developed using the method of varying weights and has been checked up and improved by the relation between annual precipitation and sediment discharge. It can be used to estimate the erosion intensity on the basin scales in the areas with high and coarse sediment yield.
  • Original Articles
    Zhang Wenzhong, Zhang Juntao
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    From the aspects of subject developing history, this paper discusses the course, the common points of different research contents and methods arming the location theory, the Economy and the Geography. The relationship arming them is studied also. The breakthrough of the location theory and methods and the application of meteorological methods have greatly promoted the development of the methods and theories in Geography. On the other hand, the main contribution of the Geography to the location theory is that the economic determinism ideas in location theory should be dismissed.
  • Original Articles
    Zhang Xueqin, Ge Quansheng
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    This paper presents a brief introduction of integrated assessment models (IAM) of climatic change. Then the Integrated Model to Assess Greenhouse Effect 2.0 (IMAGE2.0), a multi disciplinary, integrated model designed to simulate the dynamic of the global society-biosphere-climate system and to evaluate consequences of climate policies is introduced. This suggests that IAMs are useful tools so far to quantify as much as possible the cause effect relationships of the climate change problem and the cross-linkages and interactions between diverse issues concerned. Chinese research community should pay more attention to the development of IAMs so as to broaden our understanding of climatic change and to aid the decision making process about influences of human activities on environmental and climatic change.
  • Original Articles
    Chai Yanwei, Li Zhengrong, Shi Zhonghua
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    Time plays a more and more important role in our life. It records our activities and can balance our life. Time-use is becoming one index of quality of life. With this background, this paper introduces the history of time-use survey and research by three stages, and focuses on contemporary development of this research in Japan and China. In the end, tendencies in this field are put up. Time-use approach has been and will further be extended to various fields, especially sociology, economics and geography. The concept of time-space will bring about a boom of borderline subjects, and enrich our understanding of this world we have and we make use of.
  • Original Articles
    Cai Yumei, Guo Huancheng
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    The exploitation of the reserved cultivated land in Northern China plays an important role in relaxing the tension between people and land, and in balancing gross cultivated land, but the question of ecological environment is also serious, especially in interlace zones of agriculture and stockbreeding. The paper analyzes space time characteristics of the reserved cultivated land exploitation in Northern China in the whole, and the data of typical investigation region is also used, which come from TM satellite image processing (1∶10000) of America done by Agriculture Ministry. Then, the countermeasure and propose is put forward on the basis of synthetic evaluation.
  • Original Articles
    Wang Xiulan, Bao Yuhai
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    From the respect of the meaning and the researching contents of land use and cover change, the methods for land use change were analyzed. Further, the methods of establishing land use dynamic change model were mainly introduced. These models include land resources quantity change model, land resources environmental quality change model, land use degree change model, land use change regional diversity model, land use spatial change model and land requirement forecasting model.
  • Original Articles
    Zhang Yifeng, Wang Dasheng, Liu Yong
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    Wheat grown after the rice harvest is very difficult to sow in time, because rice is harvested too late. In addition, the soil after rice harvests is hardened and impervious, not good in functions of physics and chemistry, so the production of wheat grown after rice harvests is low and unstable. To change the situation, we advance a test of replacement of rice by dry rice. The result displays that wheat grown after dry rice harvest has increased by 100 kg, because dry rice ripens 10 day earlier than wheat grown after rice and the function of soil can be regulated in physics and chemistry features.