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    Selection of homestead reuse types from the perspective of rural spatial governance: A study based on 56 pilot villages of homestead reform in Jinghai District, Tianjin Municipality
    CAI Weimin, ZHANG Yu, ZHANG Bailin, YIN Jian
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1806-1818.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.003
    Abstract657)   HTML6)    PDF (12839KB)(59)      

    The type of homestead reuse is affected by factors mainly including village and homestead utilization characteristics. Taking Jinghai District of Tianjin Municipality as an example, this study constructed a theoretical analysis framework for the selection of homestead reuse types by coupling "village-land use". By constructing the measurement models of village characteristics and homestead utilization characteristics, this study classified and determined the types of village homestead reuse from these two aspects for the 56 pilot villages of homestead reform in the district, to provide policy recommendations for rural spatial governance. The results show that: 1) The characteristics of villages are identified as three types: industry-oriented, resource-oriented, and balanced development. 2) The utilization characteristics of homesteads are identified as single-function dominant and multi-function dominant based on the village as a unit. 3) Based on the characteristics of village and land use, the relationship function is constructed to identify the types of homestead reuse in three categories: multi-subject category, factor flow category, and characteristic resource category. The research suggests that using multi-source data to identify the types of homestead reuse based on the characteristics of village and land use is an effective way to provide guidance for homestead reuse and the reform of the homestead system.

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    Identification of rural development types and revitalization paths in poor mountainous areas: Taking Luanchuan County, Henan Province as an example
    LUO Qing, CHEN Siyi, WANG Yifei, LI Menglin
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1783-1794.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.001
    Abstract619)   HTML30)    PDF (9986KB)(113)      

    Accurate assessment and classification of rural development levels is an important issue in rural revitalization research, which can provide a scientific basis for the implementation of rural revitalization strategies by development type and stage. Taking Luanchuan County, Henan Province as an example, this study integrated multi-source data such as administrative village census and electronic maps to construct a multi-dimensional development potential measurement indicator system for the village scale, and carry out multi-dimensional evaluation and type identification of rural development potential. The results show that: 1) The overall situation of rural multi-dimensional development potential in Luanchuan County is poor, with only 45.89% of the villages having medium and above development potential, and the interaction between any two dimensions has a nonlinear enhancement effect on explaining the spatial differentiation of multi-dimensional development potential. 2) The spatial differentiation characteristics of rural multi-dimensional development levels are obvious. Villages with high development potential are concentrated near the county seat and where key township centers are located, while villages with low and medium-low development potential are mainly distributed in the border areas of the county and in the areas between the towns in the central part. 3) The development level of each dimension shows relatively significant spatial agglomeration characteristics, but the spatial agglomeration pattern is different for different dimensions. Villages with higher development level in geographical location and natural background are mainly concentrated in areas with good resource endowment and relatively flat terrain; and villages with higher development level in the four dimensions of geographical location, population development, economic foundation, and social welfare gather near the county seat, township centers, and tourist attractions. 4) According to the multi-dimensional development assessment results, the villages are divided into five types: priority revitalization, preliminary revitalization, maintaining the status quo, decline and relocation, and priority relocation. Based on the characteristics of different types of villages, revitalization paths and development strategies are proposed to improve the development quality of villages.

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    Influence of administrative boundary on land use change in the cross-boundary area of urban agglomerations: A case study of Tongzhou-Wuqing-Langfang
    ZHAN Zixin, DAI Linlin
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (12): 2271-2285.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.12.007
    Abstract559)   HTML23)    PDF (14695KB)(138)      

    Due to the differences in resource endowments and the complex relationship between governments at all levels, there are inevitable conflicts and imbalances in socialeco development in the cross-boundary regions of urban agglomerations. Scholars have revealed that the administrative boundary effect is common in different scales such as provincial and urban agglomeration, and its influence on land use change varies in different development stages. However, previous studies have mostly transformed administrative boundaries into virtual variables rather than as spatial geographical elements, which is insufficient for understanding the complex interactions between various factors at the meso and micro scales. This study analyzed the expansion mechanism of impervious surface area (ISA) in Tongzhou-Wuqing-Langfang (TWL)—a typical cross-boundary region of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration—by using China's Land-Use/Cover Datasets from 1985 to 2020. Taking districts and counties as the units of analysis, we used centroid migration, kernel density analysis, and Logistic regression methods to measure the impact of administrative boundaries. The results show that: 1) The speed and main period of urban land expansion in different administrative regions varied due to different resource endowments and development stages. 2) Due to the high mobility of factors, the driving forces of urban expansion in geographically adjacent administrative regions showed some similarities. 3) Under different levels of regional collaboration, the influence of the administrative boundaries on urban land expansion also varied. Improving the coordination level of various elements in the TWL area through "strong-weak" control and reducing the negative impact of administrative boundaries on local resource integration play an important role in realizing the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration.

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    Nonlinear characteristics of distance-decay parameter in intercity links: Based on human mobility big data
    CHU Jun, TONG De, GU Hengyu, CAO Zhiqiang, PAN Xiangxiang
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (1): 1-11.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.01.001
    Abstract492)   HTML59)    PDF (5324KB)(289)      

    Spatial interaction of human mobility is a heated topic for scholars, but little is known about the nonlinear relationship of the influencing factors in the spatial interaction. Using Tencent migration data in 2018 and employing the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model, this study analyzed the nonlinear characteristics of the distance-decay parameter. The results show that: 1) In the annual data benchmark model the distance-decay parameter presents nonlinear characteristics; the partial dependence curve presents two "platform areas" where the distance-decay parameter is close to 0, and two "attenuation areas" where the distance-decay parameter is about 2.8; and the results are still robust using road-based distance or data from other years. 2) There are significant differences between the distance-decay parameters of aviation, railway, and road transportation. The distance-decay pattern during the Spring Festival is basically consistent with the annual benchmark model. We recommend to plan metropolitan areas and urban agglomerations according to the nonlinear characteristics of intercity connection influenced by distances-decay pattern, and optimize the layout of territorial development accordingly.

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    A comparative study on the temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of Beijing’s outward investment and inward investment
    WANG Zi'an, LU Minghua
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (3): 438-451.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.03.003
    Abstract482)   HTML27)    PDF (9564KB)(144)      

    With the vigorous development of Beijing's headquarters economy and continuous promotion of the relief of noncapital core functions, capital flows between Beijing and other cities in China have received increasingly attention. Using the data of Beijing's outward investment and inward investment at prefecture-level and above cities from 2000 to 2019, this study examined the temporal and spatial characteristics of Beijing's outward investment and inward investment, and analyzed the spatial differentiation characteristics of investment influencing factors using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. The research found that: 1) Beijing's outward investment and inward investment first increased and then decreased, outward investment had always been greater than inward investment, and Beijing was a net capital export area. Beijing's outward investment and inward investment were mainly in the service sector, and the total amount and proportion of manufacturing in outward investment were greater than that of inward investment. 2) The spatial scope of Beijing's outward investment and inward investment continued to expand, the spatial distribution of destinations of outward investment was wider than inward investment, and the stratification phenomenon was more obvious. Beijing's outward investment was mainly in eastern coastal cities and provincial capital cities. Recently, more attention had been paid to the investment in central and western cities and cities around Beijing. The origin city of inward investment was stable, mainly provincial capital cities, eastern coastal cities, and cities around Beijing. The key cities of outward investment and inward investment were similar. 3) Beijing had a high degree of spatial concentration of outward investment and inward investment but showed a downward trend, and the degree of spatial concentration of inward investment was even higher. Recently, Beijing's outward investment had shown a positive spatial association, and inward investment had shown a random distribution. The high-high agglomeration areas of outward investment were the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Shandong Peninsula regions, and the high-high agglomeration areas of inward investment were the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions. 4) Beijing's outward investment and inward investment were both affected by differences in economic development scale and industrial structure, but there was an obvious spatial heterogeneity in the effects of influence. Outward investment was also affected by differences in transportation accessibility and labor costs, and inward investment was also affected by differences in economic openness. The research has improved the comparative study of outward investment destinations and inward investment sources, and enriched the study of investment geography.

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    Spatial evolution and determinants of new infrastructure development in China
    ZHANG Pei, WANG Jiao'e, XIAO Fan
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (2): 209-220.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.02.001
    Abstract478)   HTML65)    PDF (4234KB)(331)      

    New infrastructure has become an important support for China's economic transformation and high-quality development in the new era. In order to investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of China's new infrastructure development and its driving factors, this study first constructed a comprehensive evaluation index of the development level of new infrastructure based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020. Then, it used the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) entropy method and spatial econometric model to measure the development level of new infrastructure and analyze its driving factors. The results show that: 1) The development level of China's new infrastructure has increased year by year, and there is a trend of balanced development among provinces. 2) There is great spatial heterogeneity in the development level of China's new infrastructure. The new infrastructure development level is much higher in the eastern region than the central, western, and northeastern regions. The overall temporal and spatial evolution pattern showed an east-west expansion trend, and the center of gravity continued to move to the southwest. 3) The development level of new infrastructure is affected by many factors, among which the economic development level, financial development level, innovation foundation, urbanization process, and population size are the key driving factors. By examining the evolution of the spatial pattern of China's new infrastructure development level and its influencing factors, this article may provide a decision-making reference for its optimal layout and development.

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    Spatial and temporal evolution of tourism economic resilience and mechanism of impact in China
    FANG Yelin, WANG Qiuyue, HUANG Zhenfang, WU Yanni
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (3): 417-427.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.03.001
    Abstract477)   HTML69)    PDF (7590KB)(264)      

    Tourism economic resilience involves high-quality development of tourism. By using the relevant data of tourism development in the Chinese mainland from 1998 to 2020 and based on the quantitative measurement of provincial tourism economic resilience, this study analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of tourism economic resilience and revealed the mechanism of impact. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: China's tourism economy has strong resilience from 1998 to 2020, and the special events in individual years have not fundamentally changed the long-term positive trend. The temporal and spatial evolution of China's tourism economic resilience has the characteristics of instability and spatial agglomeration. The results of the spatial Markov chain model show that the probability of evolution of tourism economic resilience to high-value areas is high, and the tourism economic resilience at different levels generally presents agglomeration distribution. The mechanism of impact of regional tourism economic resilience was analyzed by using geographical detectors. The value of interactive leading factor q is generally greater than the maximum value of a single influencing factor, and this reflects that the impact on tourism economic resilience is generally from "resultant force". In general, the tourism economic resilience of the eastern region is closely related to the internal factors of the tourism industry, which indicates an endogenous driving type. The tourism economic resilience of the central and western regions is closely related to the external socioeconomic factors, which belongs to an exogenous driving type. Promoting the internal and external circulations of the economy plays an important role in improving the regional economic resilience. The research on the temporal and spatial evolution mechanism of tourism economic resilience provides a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for an objective understanding of the high-quality development of tourism and the risks and challenges faced by regional tourism.

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    Heterogeneity of educational attainment of talents in China: Spatial and temporal patterns and driving factors
    QI Honggang, QI Wei, LIU Zhen, ZHAO Meifeng
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (5): 821-836.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.05.001
    Abstract477)   HTML105)    PDF (9184KB)(271)      

    Educational attainments of talents are different, and exploring the spatiotemporal distribution of talents with different educational attainments and its driving factors is of key significance for formulating different kinds of talent policies and optimizing the high-quality economic development pattern of the urban system. Using data of the 2005, 2010 and 2015 population sample surveys of China, this study examined the differences in the spatial and temporal patterns of China's talents with college, undergraduate, and graduate degrees from 2005 to 2015 at the prefecture level, and used a spatial econometric model to explain the driving factors of these differences. The results show that: 1) The spatial distribution of China's talents with different educational attainments was highly uneven, and talents with college, undergraduate, and graduate degrees were mainly concentrated in the municipalities, provincial capitals, and independent plan cities. There was also some concentration of talents with college and undergraduate degrees in resource-based cities of the northwestern region, such as western Inner Mongolia and northern Xinjiang. The level of uneven distribution of talents increased with the increment of educational attainments and the unevenness was alleviated through time, but the degree of its alleviation decreased with the increase of educational attainment. 2) The dynamic agglomeration of talents showed the Matthew effect—the higher the proportion of talents at the beginning of the study period, the greater the increase of the proportion of talents during the period. The intensity of the Matthew effect of dynamic agglomeration of talents gradually increased with the increase of educational attainment. 3) The concentration of China's talents with college, undergraduate, and graduate degrees was mainly economic driven, and salary played the most important role in influencing the concentration of talents with different educational attainments. The reduction of regional salary gaps in China had caused a decrease in the level of uneven distribution of talents with different educational attainments. The rapid growth of service industry and improvements in social amenities such as secondary education, medical service, and transportation had also promoted the agglomeration of talents with different educational attainments. Nevertheless, environmental factors such as elevation and green leisure space did not significantly boost the agglomeration of talents in China. The role of both economic development and social amenities in promoting talent agglomeration showed a tendency to increase with increasing educational attainments.

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    Mechanism of influence of element flow on urban-rural integrated development in China
    YANG Yiming, WANG Jian, WU Qun
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (12): 2191-2202.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.12.001
    Abstract464)   HTML56)    PDF (7691KB)(260)      

    The flow of urban and rural elements runs through the entire process of urban and rural development and is the core of achieving urban and rural integration. Exploring the mechanism of influence of urban-rural element flow on urban-rural integrated development can provide a scientific guidance for breaking the plight of urban-rural integrated development. Based on the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) model, this study evaluated the development level of urban-rural integration in 292 cities across China, and used the ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models to explore the impact mechanism of urban-rural element flow on urban-rural integration. The results show that: 1) There are large spatial differences in the level of urban-rural integrated development at the city level in China. Most of the cities that have reached the level of deep urban-rural integration are economically developed. In general, the eastern region has the most balanced urban-rural integration. 2) Overall, the flow of land elements and population elements has the most significant impact on the urban-rural integrated development, and the driving effects of the two are negative. Locally, the influence of the flow of various urban-rural elements on the urban-rural integrated development has obvious regional differences. 3) The loss of land elements of the countryside causes loss of production elements and development space in these areas, and the lost talents have no effective way to return to the countryside, which limits urban-rural integrated development. Government investment promotes the agglomeration of elements and reduces the cost of element flow, urban and rural industries achieve division of labor and complement each other in functions, and the effective flow of information elements reduces allocation costs and improves allocation efficiency of other elements, which are beneficial to urban-rural integration.

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    Joint distribution and risk of the compound disaster caused by rainfall and storm surge across Chinese coastal region
    XU Hanqing, TAN Jinkai, LI Mengya, LIU Qing, WANG Jun
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1859-1867.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.007
    Abstract442)   HTML10)    PDF (4778KB)(111)      

    Coastal regions are extremely vulnerable to compound floods caused by extreme rainfall and strong storm surge. To improve the effectiveness of flood control measures in Chinese coastal cities and reduce the losses caused by urban compound flooding, it is important to analyze the joint probability of occurrence of extreme rainfall and strong storm surge and design the joint distribution function of daily storm surge and cumulative rainfall. In this study, we employed the Copula function to fit the joint probability distribution of storm surge and cumulative rainfall from 1979 to 2014. Then we used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S), Akaike Information Criteria (AIC), and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) statistical methods to obtain the optimal Copula function between storm surge and cumulative rainfall at each gauge alone the coast of China. Finally, based on the Copula method, we assessed the design value of compound scenarios of storm surge and rainfall in coastal China. The results indicate that the northern and southern parts of Chinese eastern coast have high frequency and the middle part has low frequency of compound disasters of strong storm surge and extreme rainfall. Western Guangdong, northern Fujian, southern Zhejiang, Shandong, and Liaoning provinces have a high frequency of compound disasters. Under the 50-year return period, the Beibu Gulf, northern Hainan Island, the coast of Zhejiang Province, and parts of the Bohai Bay have extreme rainfall and high storm surge. This study shows the temporal and spatial distribution of compound disasters of storm surge and rainfall in coastal China, and provides a framework for compound disaster scenario prediction.

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    Relationship between loess landslide deformation and river water level based on time series remote sensing images: A case study of the Qingquan Village landslide in Tianshui City
    YUN Yihan, ZHANG Mingbo, WU Yuming, YAO Jiaming
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (2): 353-363.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.02.012
    Abstract373)   HTML33)    PDF (9036KB)(134)      

    The erosion effect of rivers on the bank slopes is one of the important factors in the destabilization of loess landslides. Exploring the impact of seasonal changes of river water level on the stability of slopes is important for disaster early warning. The study utilized remote sensing techniques to examine the relationship between the rate of deformation of coastal slopes and seasonal changes in water levels over a five-year period, using the landslide in Qingquan Village, Tianshui City, Gansu Province as a case study. The time series deformation data of the landslide was obtained based on SBAS-InSAR technology, the time series water level data at the bottom of the slope was obtained using MNDWI and DEM, and the time series rainfall data of the study area was obtained through GPM. By comparing the river water level, time series rainfall, and landslide deformation rate curves, we found that as the rainfall increased and the river water level rose, the deformation rate of the Qingquan Village landslide increased significantly, and the landslide deformation rate increased the most during the summer season. In particular, the peak of the slope deformation rate has a certain lag compared to the peak of the water level. The coefficient of correlation between water level and landslide deformation was 0.46, and that between rainfall and landslide deformation was 0.39, indicating that the degree of response of the landslide in Qingquan Village to changes in water level was more pronounced. The seasonal change of river water level causes the seasonal change of river erosion on erosive landslides. The seasonal relationship between the deformation of loess landslides and the water levels of rivers is vital in understanding the evolution of riverbank slopes, recognizing landslides, and preventing disasters.

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    The concept of therapeutic landscape and its research progress in health geography
    ZHOU Peiling, CHENG Yang, Mark W. ROSENBERG
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (3): 602-616.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.03.015
    Abstract368)   HTML14)    PDF (5879KB)(102)      

    Since the 1990s, a new branch discipline, health geography, has developed from Western medical geography. Under this new disciplinary framework, the focus of geographic research has gradually shifted from disease and medical services to health and well-being in a broad sense, and related studies have had a significant impact in the fields of geography and social sciences. These studies on healing share a common theoretical foundation—the concept of "therapeutic landscape" proposed by Gesler in 1992—and gradually developed a set of influential theories in the subsequent development, becoming a well-deserved important theoretical contribution to health geography. As a core theoretical framework of health geography, the study of therapeutic landscapes is rarely mentioned in geographic research in China. This article reviewed the theoretical development process and current research progress on the use of therapeutic landscapes since the 1990s. The therapeutic landscape concept draws on structuralist and humanistic theories of new cultural geography. Influenced by the relational turn of geography in the later period, it gradually developed into the most influential theoretical framework of health geography. Therapeutic landscape research from a relational perspective has been deeply influenced by theories such as non-representational theory, actor network theory, and the mobility turn, and has gradually developed branch theories such as therapeutic assemblage, enabling place, therapeutic mobility, and therapeutic "taskscapes". Finally, the article summarized some challenges in the current research on therapeutic landscapes, and put forward suggestions for the development of health geography under the framework of therapeutic landscapes in the future.

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    Geo-relationship between China and the South Caucasus region based on the geo-potential model
    BA Shiqi, NIU Xueli, YAO Yuyang, CHEN Ying
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (11): 2135-2151.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.11.012
    Abstract365)   HTML9)    PDF (9065KB)(54)      

    Due to their geographical location and outstanding resource endowments, the South Caucasus countries have always been an area where multiple civilizations meet and great powers play games. It is of great significance to explore the evolution of China's geo-relationship with them for the future cooperation in economic development and political strategies. Based on the power theory of international relations, this study constructed a geo-potential model to describe the evolution characteristics of the geo-relationship between China and the South Caucasus countries from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that: 1) The geo-potential between China and the South Caucasus countries from 2000 to 2020 showed an upward trend year by year and experienced three development stages. In the period from 2000 to 2005 the geo-potential was low and stable, the period from 2006 to 2012 was the initial growth stage, and the period from 2013 to 2020 was a period of rapid growth. 2) In terms of the average geo-potential in 20 years, growth rate, and growth range, the spatial trend is China-Armenia > China-Azerbaijan > China-Georgia. As of 2020, the geo-potential of China-Armenia was the highest; In terms of the temporal changes of geo-potential, China-Armenia started at a low level and rose rapidly in the later period; China-Azerbaijan started at a high level and fluctuated in the later period; China-Georgia started at a low level and rose evenly in the later period. 3) The driving mechanisms that affected the evolution of these geo-relationships can be divided into positive mechanism and negative mechanism. The positive driving forces include geo-location, geo-economy, geo-culture, and geo-diplomacy. Geo-location is the background force, geo-economy is the dominant force, geo-culture is the potential force, and geo-diplomacy is the root force. The negative driving forces include, on the one hand, the unstable internal geo-politics and the strong divide of the internal geo-culture in the region, and on the other hand, the difficulty of intervention of China's geo-diplomacy and the weakness of competition of China's geo-economy. The internal elements of the two driving systems interact with each other and jointly affect the evolution of the geo-relationship between China and the South Caucasus region.

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    Progress of research on compound extreme event and hazard assessment
    FANG Jian, TAO Kai, MU Sha, FANG Jiayi, DU Shiqiang
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (3): 587-601.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.03.014
    Abstract346)   HTML17)    PDF (5029KB)(187)      

    In recent years, the frequent extreme weather and climate events have attracted wide attention. Their disastrous process often stems from the interaction of multiple factors, which brings many challenges to regional security and risk prevention. Starting from a bibliometric analysis, this article systematically reviewed the progress of research on compound extreme events by focusing on the conceptual features, classification, and driving factors of such events, and summarizing the main methods for the spatial-temporal dependance analysis and hazard assessment of compound events. The review found that: 1) The research on compound extreme events has developed rapidly in recent years, and the types of events studied have become increasingly rich and diverse. 2) The research system has been established and increasingly improved, with significant advance in the research on the conceptual characteristics, dependance, causative mechanism, and risk assessment. 3) The research techniques were constantly evolving. Statistical modeling for joint probability based on Copula has developed from two-dimensional to multidimensional, and from static to dynamic; the precision of numerical simulations represented by the coupled hydrological-hydrodynamic and ocean models has been continuously improved. But further in-depth studies are still needed, especially for some key and difficult problems, such as diagnosing and modeling the complex dependance structure of temporally and spatially compounding events, the synthetic effect of weather system, large-scale circulation and human activity impact on the formation of compound events, hazard scenarios and multidimensional joint probability analysis of compound events, and so on. In addition, it is urgent to explore the non-stationary changes of the marginal distribution and dependance structure of compound events under climate change and their impact on the risk of compound events in the future.

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    Detecting spatiotemporal variation of population in different types of regions in China based on the census data of 2000, 2010 and 2020
    YIN Xu, WEI Hui, LI Yurui, CHEN Yue
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (3): 452-463.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.03.004
    Abstract340)   HTML40)    PDF (10949KB)(226)      

    In the new era, research on China's population aggregation and decentralization in different types of regions is of great reference value for the implementation of strategies for the new-type urbanization and rural revitalization. Therefore, we studied the spatiotemporal variations of population in China and its different types of regions (for example, urban agglomerations, original contiguous destitute areas, and border areas) at the county level based on the data of three censuses from 2000 to 2020. The results show that: 1) The pattern of China's population distribution, which is dense in the east and sparse in the west, had not fundamentally changed, and the population ratio of the southeast side to the northwest side of the Hu line is still 94∶6. Furthermore, the Chinese population had entered a period of negative growth, and more than half of the counties had negative population growth from 2010 to 2020. 2) The urban agglomeration areas were the main areas carrying China's population, accounting for nearly 90% of China's total population in 2020. From 2010 to 2020, among the 19 urban agglomerations of China, the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta had the most significant population growth, while the Harbin-Changchun and central-southern Liaoning urban agglomerations experienced negative population growth. 3) The population of original contiguous destitute areas dropped continuously from 2000 to 2020, and the total population decreased by more than 11 million during the 20 years. But the population growth of three prefectures of southern Xinjiang and the Tibet area inhabited by ethnic minorities exceeded 15% from 2010 to 2020. 4) The population of border areas had been basically stable, but the population agglomeration index and population density decreased slightly from 2000 to 2020. In particular, the population of the northeastern and northern border areas declined significantly, both with a decrease of 15% from 2010 to 2020. The implications of this study are that the government should attach greater importance to the actual status of population change for carrying out targeted policies—such as the new-type of urbanization, rural revitalization, and national defense and security—under the new situation.

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    The spatial distribution of NIMBY facilities and housing prices in surrounding areas: A case study of Guangzhou
    XIE Dixiang, WU Shuqi, CHANG Jiang
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (1): 42-52.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.01.004
    Abstract333)   HTML14)    PDF (10132KB)(107)      

    With the rapid development of cities and the improvement of citizens' environmental awareness in China, tensions and conflicts caused by "Not In My Backyard" (NIMBY) facilities have increased. How to plan NIMBY facilities properly has become an essential issue for promoting environmental justice and social harmony. We obtained the geographic data of the NIMBY facilities in the main urban area of Guangzhou City from the Planning Cloud Platform. Using Python coding, we also collected housing price data from major real-estate brokerage companies. Kriging interpolation was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the NIMBY facilities. We used both ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression to investigate the relationship between the locations of NIMBY facilities and housing prices in their surrounding areas. Results show that the distribution of NIMBY facilities in the main urban area of Guangzhou is spatially consistent with the distribution of low-income neighborhoods. The NIMBY facilities are mainly distributed around neighborhoods with lower housing prices. The impact of NIMBY facilities on the housing prices of surrounding neighborhoods is related to the type and location of NIMBY facilities. The feature of NIMBY facilities in the urban peripheries negatively impact housing prices. In the core urban area, however, good location, infrastructure, and public services have, to some extent, canceled out the negative impacts of NIMBY facilities on housing prices. The impact of stigma related NIMBY facilities on housing prices is significantly lower than that of pollution, high safety risk, and psychological distress related NIMBY facilities. This study provides scientific guidelines for urban NIMBY planning.

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    Population exposure risk to urban extreme heat environment based on ECOSTRESS land surface temperature and mobile phone signaling data: A case study of Xi’an City
    ZHAO Xin, ZHAO Kaixu, HUANG Xiaojun
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (11): 2061-2072.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.11.006
    Abstract332)   HTML19)    PDF (17169KB)(93)      

    The dual effects of global warming and urban heat island have increasingly exacerbated the extreme heat risk, and given severe challenges to the health of urban residents and socioeconomic development. Accurately assessing the population exposure to urban extreme heat environment has become a current research hotspot. In this study, we used the new ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) and mobile phone signaling data to explore the spatiotemporal variation of land surface temperature and population in Xi'an City, developed a population exposure risk assessment model, and revealed the spatiotemporal pattern and dynamic characteristics of the exposure risk on a refined scale. The results show that: 1) The diurnal cycling of land surface temperature in summer showed obvious fluctuation characteristics, especially a large difference between day and night. The average temperature in the daytime was 35.5 ℃ and 21.5 ℃ at night, and land surface temperature exhibited more spatial variations in the daytime. The urban heat island effect of different intensities existed at all times of the day, and it varied from aggregation state to discrete state and then to aggregation state. 2) Nearly three quarters (73.6%) of the population were distributed within the third ring road with a single center structure, and the population was concentrated along the central axis. The population distribution change displayed the characteristics of "centripetal in the daytime and centrifugal at night". 3) The medium risk, high risk, and extremely high risk areas of population exposure were mainly scattered in the central area of the city, and 86.6% of the extremely high risk areas were located within the third ring road, while the negligible risk and low risk areas were mainly concentrated in the periphery. 4) The dominant factors leading to difference of heat exposure risk were grouped into three types including temperature-dominated, population-dominated, and co-dominated, and their proportion to the total urban area were 37.9%, 30.6%, and 31.5%, respectively. This research can provide a scientific reference for the heat exposure risk identification and targeted adaptive strategies.

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    Demonstration of China’s status as a developing country: An empirical analysis based on the multi-dimensional development level classification of 190 economies
    LIU Jian, YANG Qingshan
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1882-1898.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.009
    Abstract325)   HTML3)    PDF (13965KB)(38)      

    The scientific evaluation of a country's position in the global system is the basis for formulating foreign policies. At present, China's status as a developing country has been questioned by Western countries. Chinese scholars have demonstrated China's status as a developing country by country comparison, but lacked a response from the perspective of global scale classification. Based on the polyhedron and the Lorentz curve classification methods, this study constructed an indicator system and measurement model for the classification of development level of economies from multiple dimensions including economy, society, environment, and governance, and further divided 190 economies around the world into developed country types I-III, developing country types I-V, and transitional economies, at nine types. Moreover, it discussed the development characteristics of different types of economies and China's status in the global country classification system. The results show that: 1) There are significant differences in the development levels of different types of economies in the dimensions of economy, society, environment, and governance. 2) The development level of developed economies is generally high in all dimensions, showing the characteristics of "keeping abreast" in general; the development indicators of transitional economies in many dimensions are close to that of developed economy type III, and most economies are in a development stage that is gradually transitioning to developed economies; Significant structural differences exist in developing economies in the level of sub-development dimensions. 3) China belongs to the developing country type I, ranked 64th among the 190 economies and 13th among the 139 developing countries. 4) China has the general characteristics of developing countries in terms of the ranking of the multi-dimensional development level among the global economies and the differences in the development level of various dimensions. The application of the Lorenz curve in this study can enrich the theory of regional development classification, and the conclusions can provide a reference for countering Western countries' doubts about China's status as a developing country.

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    Path of industrial revitalization from the perspective of the relationship between factors of rural production space system: A case study of Chongqing Municipality
    WANG Cheng, CHENG Guishan
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1795-1805.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.002
    Abstract325)   HTML8)    PDF (6221KB)(38)      

    Rural production space system is the spatial assembly for the implementation of rural industrial revitalization, the relationship and strength of the various factors of the system are directly related to the operation of the system, and a stable and orderly system is the basic guarantee for the realization of industrial revitalization. Based on the relationships between the factors of rural production space system, and on the basis of identifying common indicators through literature review and characteristic indicators through policy text analysis, this study built an indicator system, analyzed the spatial representation of factors of the system, and used structural equation model to analyze the role of the relationship and strength of the factors. Taking Chongqing Municipality as the research object, we tested these relationships and put forward its industrial revitalization path according to the local conditions. The results show that the method of constructing the indicator system from the two dimensions of commonality and individuality is scientific, reasonable, and practical; The relationship and strength of the rural production space system factors in Chongqing are different, and the spatial representation of the rural production space system factors presents a zonal pattern; This study put forward the path to promote the industrial revitalization of Chongqing from three aspects: consolidating the industrial infrastructure, constructing the talent cultivation system for industrial revitalization, and enhancing the efficiency of industrial upgrading.

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    The impact of China’s inclusive finance on multidimensional poverty in rural areas
    WANG Liangjian, ZHOU Jingjing, CHEN Kunqiu, YAN Lei, TU Yingjie
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (11): 1991-2003.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.11.001
    Abstract314)   HTML13)    PDF (2330KB)(57)      

    Poverty reduction is one of the primary goals of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda of the United Nations. Clarifying how inclusive finance alleviates rural poverty and impacts rural development can provide new perspectives and avenues for alleviating rural poverty. Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework, this study explored the poverty reduction mechanism of rural inclusive finance and integrated multi-source data and methods to conduct a systematic empirical test on the poverty reduction effect, pathways, and heterogeneity of rural inclusive finance. The results indicate that rural inclusive finance plays a direct and an indirect role in reducing poverty. According to the three-dimensional poverty standard, the marginal impact of rural inclusive finance is 67.5%, and the poverty reduction effect is stable. Rural inclusive finance has a variable poverty reduction effect based on group differences, such as poverty degree, educational level, and type of poverty. There is a relatively small effect of poverty reduction on the deeply impoverished groups and the poor with low education levels, but a mitigation effect on income, employment, health, and living standards poverty. For the purpose of deepening, extending, and sustaining the reduction of rural poverty through inclusive finance, it would be necessary to scientifically identify the coupling process between rural inclusive finance and poor groups/regions and to determine and develop the differentiated supply of inclusive finance and an in-depth connection with rural education.

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    Overview of connotation, evaluation system, and protection practice of ecological shelters
    DAI Yunchuan, LI Diqiang
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1969-1978.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.015
    Abstract312)   HTML3)    PDF (765KB)(76)      

    At present, the academic community has not yet to reach a consensus on the definition of the ecological shelters (ES) concept. Due to the lack of theoretical guidance, the scientific application and mechanisms of ES construction is lacking. Therefore, this study systematically clarified the meaning, identification system, and construction practice of ES, summarized the history and challenges of ES construction, and postulated countermeasures and suggestions for improvement. We demonstrated that ES has the dual connotation of region and function, which is manifested as specific spatial location, ecosystem structure, ecological process, and protection object. It is a compound system of ecology, economy, and society and possesses the basic characteristics of attributes related to public goods. In the construction of ES, it is necessary to scientifically identify the ES and its scope according to its geographical location, dominant function, ecological stress, and varying scales. Moreover, the natural attributes and ecosystem function should be respected and cross-regional cooperation should be encouraged. Finally, a systematic management system for ES construction should be established to coordinate its construction with economic and social development.

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    Evolution of spatio-temporal patterns of ecological well-being performance in China and its driving effects
    WANG Shengyun, DUAN Liancheng
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (4): 617-628.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.04.001
    Abstract305)   HTML40)    PDF (4617KB)(191)      

    Ecological well-being performance (EWP) is the ecological efficiency of improving human well-being. Analyzing the spatial and temporal patterns and driving effects of EWP can help reveal regional differences in ecological efficiency of human well-being enhancement in China and its causes. This study analyzed the evolution of the spatiotemporal patterns of EWP in China based on a comprehensive subjective and objective well-being perspective, and used the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method to reveal the driving effects of EWP changes and the determinants of economic growth effect in China. The results show that: 1) The changes in EWP in China in 2006-2018 relied mainly on the effect of economic growth, but the overall level of EWP decreased due to the constraints of environmental well-being effect and social well-being effect. Among the determinants of the economic growth effect, technological progress played the most important role. 2) The differences between the mean values of EWP of southern and northern provinces in China had increased from 0.762 to 1.005, showing a spatial variation of high in the south and low in the north. The economic growth effect value in the south was much higher than that in the north, which was the main reason for the widening of the north-south differences in EWP in China. 3) The change in EWP in China as a whole appeared to be driven by economic growth, with only Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai showing a change driven by economic growth + environmental well-being improvement. There was a significant regional heterogeneity in the determinants of the economic growth effect in the southern and northern regions and in eastern, central, and western China. The results of the study can provide reference suggestions for promoting the coordinated regional development of EWP in China.

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    Measurement and influencing factors of rural regional system resilience in mountainous areas: A case study of Luotian County in the Dabie Mountains
    ZI Minggui, ZHOU Yi, LUO Jing, ZHANG Chunyan, GAO Zixiang
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1819-1832.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.004
    Abstract298)   HTML10)    PDF (9919KB)(59)      

    Resilience theory is one of the core topics of sustainability science. Integrating rural regional system and resilience theory at the micro-scale is a response and reflection to the rural revitalization strategy. By constructing a rural regional system risk-resilience (R-PAT) model in mountainous areas, this study examined the system resilience of 68 sample villages in Luotian County of the Dabie Mountains using entropy method, and analyzed its spatial patterns. After identifying the R-PAT type, the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of the rural regional system resilience in mountainous areas were examined through geographical detector. The results show that: 1) There are significant differences in the resistance, adaptability, transformability, and comprehensive resilience index of villages in Luotian County. The comprehensive resilience index of the sample villages is not high in general and has great potential for improvement. 2) According to the changes of resilience index and risk index, the rural regional systems in mountainous areas are divided into four types: high risk-low resilience, high risk-high resilience, low risk-high resilience and low risk-low resilience. The high risk-low resilience type and low risk-low resilience type are dominant in Luotian County. 3) The resilience of rural regional system in Luotian County is affected by multiple factors. Rural endogenous power is the key factor for the spatial differentiation of resilience level of the area, rural natural and social backgrounds are the basic factors, and rural development potential is the driving force for the continuous improvement of the system potential and the gradual strengthening of the resilience capacity. This study focused on applying the resilience theory to the micro spatial units of mountainous rural areas to provide theoretical guidance and case support for the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements in these areas and their revitalization.

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    Toward Marxist geography: Exploring the nature of urbanism and justice: A review on David Harvey’s Social Justice and the City
    LUO Shen, YE Chao
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1979-1990.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.016
    Abstract297)   HTML4)    PDF (4201KB)(79)      

    Marxist geography is an important school in human geography, but also has a profound influence on other disciplines. David Harvey's Social Justice and the City is the founding work of Marxist geography. This book is highly theoretical and involves many large and complex issues, and thus is also difficult to interpret. Harvey tried to understand and analyze urban(ism) problems from a holistic perspective, and innovated the theory of "social processes-spatial form". By comparing the urban research methodology between liberalism and Marxism, he concluded that the nature of theory arises from the synthesis of methods and philosophy, the nature of space lies in human practices, the nature of justice depends on the operation of the social processes, and the nature of urbanism is the needs and products of capital production. This work created the knowledge foundation of Marxist geography, forged the critical path of urban research, and opened up the growth point of contemporary Marxism. Chinese intellectuals should pay close attention to the uneven urbanism, put forward the "general urban problem" in the new development stage, insist on and strengthen the thoughts research, and make a bold theoretical revolution around contemporary issues through symptomatic reading of different classic theories.

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    Influencing factors of waterlogging and waterlogging risks in Shenzhen City based on MAXENT
    HE Peiting, LIU Danyuan, LU Siyan, HE Xiaoyu, LI Hua, YANG Liu, LIN Jinyao
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1868-1881.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.008
    Abstract293)   HTML22)    PDF (10872KB)(64)      

    Urban waterlogging is one of the most common natural disasters. In-depth analysis of its influencing factors and estimation of high-risk waterlogging areas are of great significance for waterlogging prevention and management. Although some studies have approached these issues through advanced machine learning methods such as random forest and neural network, the identified influencing factors are mainly related to the two-dimensional space. Moreover, while traditional methods require both accurate positive and negative samples, there is an inevitable subjectivity in the selection of negative samples. To address these disadvantages, this research took Shenzhen City as the study area and employed the MAXENT model, which does not require negative samples, to explore the relationship between potential influencing factors (including three-dimensional building factors) and waterlogging risk during 2015-2019. The results show that the dominant environmental factors behind the density of waterlogging hotspots were the proportion of impervious surface, the proportion of green space, population density, rainstorm peak rainfall, and fluctuation of the terrain. With regard to the three-dimensional building factors, building congestion, average building height, and building shape coefficient have a crucial impact on urban waterlogging. According to the waterlogging probability estimated by MAXENT, the total area of potential high-risk waterlogging areas in Shenzhen is approximately 491 km², accounting for 24.58% of the total area of the city. These areas are mainly located in Longhua District, Nanshan District, the north of Longgang District, Guangming District, and Futian District. Through the spatial autocorrelation analysis of the potential high-risk areas, we found that some areas in the north of Nanshan District, the west of Futian District, and central Luohu District where there were no waterlogging hotspots in the past, exhibit high concentration levels. This indicates that the waterlogging probability in these areas would be positively affected by the surrounding areas. Therefore, focus should be placed on high-risk areas for achieving more accurate waterlogging prevention and management. Urban waterlogging risk assessment is an important part of disaster management. The assessment results of waterlogging risk not only can provide support for disaster prevention and risk mitigation, but also are essential for protecting people's lives and the sustainable development of cities.

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    Influence of the built environment on residents’ migration intensity from the life cycle perspective:Based on multi-source data of Wuhan City
    LIU Hua, ZHOU Tianyuan, ZHANG Guike, LIU Xuejun, DENG Shaohui
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2023, 42 (1): 66-78.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.01.006
    Abstract289)   HTML4)    PDF (15947KB)(92)      

    With the reform of China's urban housing system, relocation in cities is becoming increasingly more frequent. Analyzing the internal driving forces of residents of different age groups to move provides a basis for the improvement of urban living environment planning and construction. This study used multi-source data such as mobile phone signaling data in Wuhan City in 2019 and 2021 and took the life cycle perspective to identify the relocation frequency of residents of different age groups within the Fourth Ring Road of Wuhan City. This study proposed a model of relationship between the characteristics of built environment factors and the frequency of relocation, and explored the impact of various built environment factors in the residents' living circles on the relocation of residents of multiple ages. The study found that: 1) The moving in and out intensities of residents of different ages varied in different urban locations. Residents aged 19-39 moved more frequently than residents aged over 40. In general, the moving in and out intensity of the traffic areas within the inner ring road is high, and both are larger than those between the outer ring roads. 2) Relevant indicators in the dimensions of public service facilities, transportation convenience, and the living environment are important factors that caused residents' decision to move. Considering the differences in the relocation intensity of residents of different age groups and the characteristics of influencing factors, relevant planning decisions need to incorporate differentiated measures to improve the built environment, scientifically guide residents of different ages to relocate, and optimize urban population distribution.

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    A literature review of urban amenity and its research prospects
    HAO Feilong, ZHANG Jie, WANG Shijun
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (12): 2396-2409.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.12.016
    Abstract284)   HTML128)    PDF (6283KB)(113)      

    Since the 1950s, the urban amenity theory, which was proposed in the Western developed countries, provided a new perspective for cities to enhance talent attraction and urban development. The theory of urban amenity, as a new concept to explain urban sustainable development in the era of globalization and knowledge economy, has been employed in Western countries for nearly 70 years, while China has carried out little research in this area. Currently, since China has entered the "new normal" state of economic development, driving urban development by innovation has become an important subject and realistic challenge that the academic and political circles must face. The theory of urban amenity provides a better theoretical perspective for meeting such challenge. This study used CiteSpace to analyze research on urban amenity. First, it systematically analyzed the framework of international research on urban amenity based on its conception and discussions on its connotation, the formation of urban amenity theory, the establishment of urban amenity evaluation methods, and empirical research on its impact. Second, progress of research in China on urban amenity was systematically summarized from four aspects: the introduction and evaluation of amenity concept, the relationship between amenity and talent flow, the relationship between amenity and innovation output, and urban development and amenities configuration. Finally, on the basis of a brief review of the progress of urban amenity research, and from the perspective of urban development, it is necessary to carry out in-depth research on urban amenity in China. The article also discussed the prospects of using for reference the international urban amenity research ideas and empirical experience in the study of China's urban economic transition, talent migration, and urban planning.

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    Progress and prospect of suburbanization research in China under the background of new-type urbanization
    WEI Hubin, QI Wei, LIU Shenghe, LIU Zhen
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (11): 2152-2164.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.11.013
    Abstract268)   HTML11)    PDF (4655KB)(77)      

    As China's urbanization development enters the middle and late stages, the suburbs have become one of the essential residential places. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically examine the context and research prospect of suburbanization in China under the new-type urbanization. In this study, the CiteSpace 5.8 software was used to analyze the co-occurrence network of keywords and detect emergent words in the core journals and CSSCI and the literature on suburbanization in master's theses and doctoral dissertations of CNKI, and to explore the overall characteristics of suburbanization research. This article systematically reviewed the hotspots and frontiers of suburbanization research and its evolution from 1983 to the present. The results show that the study of suburbanization in China was in the initial stage before 1996. With the rapid development of urbanization, the suburbanization studies in China entered the active stage from 1996 to 2015. However, the related studies have been gradually weakened since 2015. The research hotspots of suburbanization in China mainly include suburbanization and urbanization, population distribution and mobility of suburbanization, dynamic mechanism of suburbanization, and the specific study of case areas. It conforms to the process of "learning from others - understanding the phenomenon - exploring the essence - practical application". In the future, it is necessary to re-examine the connotation of suburbanization and the relationship between suburbanization and urban space reconstruction. More attention should be paid to the suburbanization of different demographic groups. Research on the suburbanization processes in the inland areas, including the central, western, and northeastern areas, are also essential. In addition, the analysis of the sustainable development of suburbanization and soft safeguarding measures needs to be highlighted.

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    Spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of ecological well-being performance in the urban agglomeration of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals
    ZHU Yuanyuan, ZHANG Rui, GU Jiang, GAO Zhe
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (12): 2231-2243.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.12.004
    Abstract259)   HTML14)    PDF (8719KB)(110)      

    Ecological well-being performance is an important tool to explore the relationship between ecology and human well-being and measure the ecological civilization construction. Based on the panel data of cities of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2005 to 2020, this study used the super-slacks-based measure (Super-SBM) model to calculate the value of ecological well-being performance of the urban agglomeration of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and analyzed its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics. Based on this, factors driving ecological well-being performance were explored by the panel Tobit Model. The driving mechanism of the evolution was revealed under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. The study results indicate that: 1) From 2005 to 2020, the ecological well-being performance of the study area showed the characteristics of slow decline→fluctuation→rapid development. 2) The ecological well-being performance of the study area presented a significant core-periphery structure. "Border area collapse" was obvious at the junction of three sub-agglomerations of Wuhan, Poyang Lake, Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan. 3) Through circular accumulation and joint promotion, the spatiotemporal evolution of ecological well-being performance of the study area was driven by multiple factors such as technological progress, environmental regulation, industrial structure, population agglomeration, level of sharing the achievements of development, and degree of opening-up. There existed dual driving pathways of endogenous transformation and exogenous driving, which were closely related to carbon emission intensity. Revealing the spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanism of ecological well-being performance under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals will help us understand the transformation mechanism between ecological elements and human well-being, as well as the relationship between ecological well-being performance and carbon emissions. This study may provide a reference for the high-quality development of urban agglomerations and the ecological civilization construction.

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    System characteristics, research trends and framework of human settlement transformation in traditional villages
    ZENG Can, LIU Peilin, LI Bohua
    PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY    2022, 41 (10): 1926-1939.   DOI: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.012
    Abstract252)   HTML3)    PDF (5822KB)(57)      

    As one of the key research aspects of rural transformation and development in China, human settlement in traditional villages comprehensively demonstrates the choice of settlement locations, spatial functionalities, and reconstruction of social-cultural connections. It also actively demonstrates the innovation of traditional agricultural societies. This study defined the concept of traditional villages, explored the conceptual definition of human settlements in traditional villages, analyzed their connotation and system composition, clarified their characteristics and manifestations, and offered an example of the systematic approach to the traditional village human settlement transformation and development. The results show that: 1) The research on the transformation and development of traditional village human settlements can be approached from the following aspects: connotative of the transformation, system composition and performance of the transformation, division and spatial differentiation of the transformation stages, and path and mode of the transformation and development. 2) Human settlements of traditional villages include three dimensions (subject, space, and function dimensions) and five subsystems (natural ecological, social-cultural, industrial economic, regional spatial, and multiple subject subsystems). The transformations of the subsystems are interdependent and have their own focus, and need to be categorized and implemented differently. 3) Natural ecological and regional spatial subsystems are the conventional focus of research on human settlement transformation in traditional villages, which belongs to the research of original material space. The study of social cultural, multiple subject, and industrial economic subsystems is the innovative research focus and belongs to the constructive material space. Based on the problems, goals, and demand orientation, comprehensive study of transformation development from the system perspective is the new trend of future human settlement research.

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