校外托餐场所布局选址与影响因素研究——以西安市雁塔区为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.08.008

Abstract

Abstract:

Out-of-school hours care place (OSHCP) is a new type of educational auxiliary facility, mainly provides meals and rest places for primary and secondary school students, has gradually become the third activity space for students outside their homes and schools, and worth further examination from a spatial perspective. Based on the data of OSHCPs and related points of interest (POIs) in Yanta District of Xi'an City, we used spatial analysis, statistical analysis, and field investigation methods to explore the basic functions and location choice and its influencing factors of OSHCPs. The results indicate that: 1) The service demands of OSHCPs are from families with childcare needs in the lower grades of compulsory education for childcare assistance and children's "transfer" and "deposit", and the service types include student care, catering, help with homework, and so on. 2) The distribution of OSHCPs generally showed a trend of extending along the east-west direction, which is consistent with the urban morphology and the development status of residential committees, mainly in the traditional neighborhoods, high-rise housing estates, and work unit housing areas, concentrated in the low floors (1-5 floors). 3) Regional population, educational environment, investment costs, and spatial location influence the layout and location of OSHCPs, with the number and distribution of primary and secondary schools, the number and distribution of residential neighborhoods, and the distance from the central city having significant impacts. Finally, we summarized the influencing factors of location choice from three scales including urban area, residential committee, and care place in combination with the needs of the population, and provide an outlook on future research directions in conjunction with the "double reduction" education policy.

Key words: out-of-school hours care places, educational auxiliary facility, location choice, Yanta District of Xi'an City

YU Yue, LI Gang, JIN Annan, HUANG Yushan, XU Lanqing, YANG Zhuo. Location choice and influencing factors of out-of-school hours care places: A case study of Yanta District of Xi'an City[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2022, 41(8): 1440-1452.

Figures/Tables 12

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开设场地	数量/所	占比/%	个体自营型/所	连锁经营型/所
高层公寓式小区	474	43.7	273	201
传统中多层小区	253	23.4	161	92
单位小区(高校家属院)	120	11.1	84	26
商铺	51	4.7	20	31
单位小区(企事业单位家属院)	47	4.3	30	17
单位小区(小学家属院)	39	3.6	21	18
单位小区(中学家属院)	29	2.7	21	8
商业大厦	38	3.5	13	25
城中村	27	2.5	20	7
商务酒店	2	0.2	2
别墅小区	1	0.1		1
宾馆	1	0.1		1
产业园	1	0.1	1
总计	1083	100

层级	数量/所	占比/%
1~5层	814	83.32
1层	313	32.04
2层	191	19.55
3层	154	15.76
4层	100	10.24
5层	56	5.73
6~10层	101	10.34
11~15层	34	3.48
16~20层	17	1.74
21~25层	6	0.61
25层以上	5	0.51
总计	977	100

类型	变量	编码	说明	回归系数
服务范围内其他托餐场所数量	因变量	Y	托餐场所服务范围内其他托餐场所数量：1类=1~16; 2类=17~41;3类=42~98;4类=99~156(根据自然间断法分为4类)
教育环境	有无中小学	X₁	托餐场所服务范围内有无中小学
		X₁=1	托餐场所服务范围内有中小学	2.145^*** (8.541)
		X₁=2	托餐场所服务范围内没有中小学	0^a
	中小学数量	X₂	托餐场所服务范围内中小学数量	0.333^** (1.395)
	校外培训场所数量	X₃	托餐场所服务范围内校外培训场所数量	0^* (0.999)
	高校数量	X₄	托餐场所服务范围内高校数量	0.337^*** (1.401)
居住环境	小区数量	X₅	托餐场所服务范围内社区数量	-0.030^*** (0.996)
投资成本	二手房小区均价	X₆	托餐场所所在小区房屋均价	-0.00005^* (0.999)
空间位置	托餐场所的空间位置	X₇	托餐场所所在位置与中心城区的距离
		X₇=1	二环外3000 m内	0.408^* (1.504)
		X₇=2	二环外3000~6000 m	1.830^*** (6.236)
		X₇=3	二环外6000~9000 m	0^a

小区名称	依托类型	托餐场所数量/所	服务小学	步行时间 /min	过马路数量/中午 12：00每分钟车流量	房价/(元/m²)
新开门小区	高层公寓式小区(安置小区)	54	曲江第二小学第一分校	6	1条马路/13辆机动车、6辆非机动车	13000
黄渠头小区	高层公寓式小区(安置小区)	94	曲江第二小学	7	1条马路/19辆机动车、6辆非机动车	12000
曲江龙邸商铺	住宅底商	2	曲江第二小学第一分校	2	0	16459
万科翡翠国际商铺	住宅底商	2	曲江第二小学	1	0	30859
曲江宜居商铺	住宅底商	1	曲江第二小学	6	0	14832

Location choice and influencing factors of out-of-school hours care places: A case study of Yanta District of Xi'an City

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