城市绿色空间格局时空演变及其生态系统服务评价的研究进展与展望

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.10.015

Abstract

Abstract:

Scientific and reasonable urban green space layout is an important guarantee of urban sustainable development. The research on the spatiotemporal change of urban green space pattern and its influencing factors could reveal its complex relationship with various factors and processes of urbanization to facilitate improvement of the function of ecosystem services of urban systems. In the context of ecological civilization construction, urban green space will play an important role in multi-scale territorial spatial planning, but how to combine them remains a challenge. Therefore, based on a review of the definition and development of urban green space patterns, we discussed the research progress of the spatiotemporal change, driving factors, scenario simulation, and optimization strategies of urban green space patterns. We also summarized the application of ecosystem services in urban green space evaluation. Finally, we explored the evaluation and optimization framework of urban green space patterns in the territorial spatial planning system, with a view of providing a reference for urban green space planning in the new era.

Key words: urban green space pattern, spatiotemporal change, ecosystem services, territorial spatial planning

CHENG Chaonan, HU Yang, ZHAO Ming. Progress and prospect of the spatiotemporal change and ecosystem services evaluation of urban green space pattern[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(10): 1770-1782.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig.1

Tab.1

Evaluation of ecosystem services function of urban green space patterns"

生态系统服务功能指标		研究目的	研究方法	研究内容/研究结果
一级类	二级类	研究目的	研究方法	研究内容/研究结果
调节服务	改善气候	城市绿色空间格局与城市热岛、城市冷岛	遥感影像、景观格局指数评价	城市绿色空间格局的遮阳、蒸发和蒸腾过程,可有效缓解城市热岛现象^[70];城市绿色空间格局时空演变与城市热环境的关系^[71];采用14个景观指数,定量分析城市绿色空间格局与城市热岛之间的关系^[72];城市内不同形状的绿色空间、植物群落结构等对城市冷岛的形成有着不同影响^[73]
	空气调节	城市绿色空间格局与PM_2.5、碳储存	形态空间模式分析方法、景观格局指数评价	从空间视角出发,采用形态空间模式分析方法将城市绿色空间分为7类,通过景观格局的演变分析城市绿色空间格局与PM_2.5之间的关系^[74];分析长春市城市森林格局的时空演变,研究城市绿色空间对城市CO₂的吸收以及碳储存^[75]
	水资源调节	城市绿色空间格局与水资源调节	景观生态安全格局、生态红线	以北京雁栖湖流域为例,通过划定水生态空间红线,确保水体生态系统服务功能的持续发挥^[76]
	雨水调节	城市绿色空间格局与雨水调节	雨水径流的经验模型、景观格局指数评价	研究北京城市绿色空间的景观格局变化及其对雨水径流减少的影响^[77];研究城市绿色空间与蓝水消耗之间的平衡^[78];评估城市绿色空间的蓝色水足迹^[79]
支持服务	生物多样性保护	城市绿色空间格局与鸟类多样性保护及动物栖息地规划	SPOT-XS多光谱卫星图	以鸟类为例,认为分区制能够解决城市绿色空间中动植物栖息与游憩功能之间相矛盾的状况^[80];通过关键栖息地和乡土种的选择,结合空间规划,提出城市绿色空间的规划方法^[81]
文化服务	身心健康	城市绿色空间格局与健康	可达性分析、普通最小二乘回归模型	以英国布里斯托尔地区为例,分析城市绿色空间可达性与身体活动和超重人群的关系^[82];研究美国城市绿地空间格局的空间异质性与身体健康指数之间的关联^[83]
文化服务	娱乐功能	城市绿色空间的户外休闲服务评价	娱乐机会频谱模型 (Recreational Opportunity Spe-ctrum, ROS)、调查、空间数据分析、主成分分析	采用ROS模型评估了美国亚特兰大都市的户外休闲服务^[84];通过将基于多样性指数的多维生物物理测绘图与用户的重要性分数相结合,作为城市公园非货币估值的方法,对挪威奥斯陆城市绿色空间的娱乐服务功能进行评估和分类^[85]

Tab.1

Fig.2

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Progress and prospect of the spatiotemporal change and ecosystem services evaluation of urban green space pattern

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