PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 1632-1642.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.10.003
• Articles • Previous Articles Next Articles
LI Yurui1,2,3(), CHANG Guijiang1,2, CAO Lizhe1,2, LONG Hualou1,2,3
Received:
2020-03-06
Revised:
2020-05-12
Online:
2020-10-28
Published:
2020-12-28
Supported by:
LI Yurui, CHANG Guijiang, CAO Lizhe, LONG Hualou. Rural elite and rural development[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(10): 1632-1642.
Tab.1
Rural governance models in typical historical periods"
时期 | 主要治理内容 | 乡村治理主体 | 备注 |
---|---|---|---|
传统社会阶段 | 催粮征税、除盗安民、修桥修路、救济赈灾 | 县级行政机构;乡里组织、乡村士绅、地方宗族 | 国权不下县,“县政绅治”; 国权+绅权+族权 |
土地改革时期 | 土地改革与乡村建设 | 党和政府;农民协会、乡村农民大会、农民代表会 | 实现了耕者有其田; 乡村治理具有强制性 |
农业合作化时期 | 农业的合作化改造 | 党和政府;互助合作组;初级农业生产合作社 | 集体劳动、共同生产; 乡村治理具有强制性 |
人民公社时期 | 建立和巩固人民公社制度 | 党和政府;公社、生产大队、生产队 | “政社合一”;集体化、军事化;乡村治理具有强制性;城乡二元结构矛盾突出 |
改革探索时期 | 改革农业生产经营体制;探索村民自治路径 | 党和政府;村“两委”;乡村能人 | 市场化、自治化程度提高;开始“乡政村治”;城乡二元结构矛盾和三农问题突出 |
新农村建设时期 | 破解三农问题; 推进精准扶贫; 建成小康社会 | 党和政府; 村“两委”;驻村工作队; 合作经济组织;乡村能人 | 自治和法治并行; 以工哺农、以城带乡; 精准扶贫取得明显成效 |
乡村振兴时期 | 城乡发展不平衡; 乡村发展不充分; 推进农业和农村现代化 | 党和政府; 村“两委”;驻村工作队; 合作经济组织;乡村能人 | 脱贫攻坚和乡村振兴有机衔接; 全面建成小康社会; 围绕乡村振兴进行全面部署和推进 |
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