PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 255-265.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2018.02.008
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Zenglin HAN(), Ailing WU, Fei PENG, Jiaze SUN, Kang XIA
Received:
2017-06-15
Revised:
2017-11-20
Online:
2018-02-28
Published:
2018-02-28
Supported by:
Zenglin HAN, Ailing WU, Fei PENG, Jiaze SUN, Kang XIA. Eco-efficiency in the Bohai Rim area based on undesirable outputs and threshold regression model[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2018, 37(2): 255-265.
Tab.2
Eco-efficiency value of each city in the Bohai Rim area with and without considering undesirable outputs"
地区 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | 地区 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑非期望ρ* | 考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑非期望ρ* | 考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑 非期望ρ* | 考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑非期望ρ* | 考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑非期望ρ* | 考虑非期望ρ* | 未考虑非期望ρ* | ||||||
北京 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.946 | 0.936 | 0.919 | 0.904 | 盘锦 | 1.000 | 0.920 | 1.000 | 0.923 | 0.767 | 0.767 | ||||
天津 | 0.596 | 0.693 | 0.532 | 0.602 | 0.365 | 0.418 | 铁岭 | 0.924 | 0.974 | 0.963 | 0.969 | 0.829 | 0.845 | ||||
石家庄 | 0.674 | 0.782 | 0.706 | 0.761 | 0.484 | 0.554 | 朝阳 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.776 | 0.839 | ||||
唐山 | 0.798 | 0.960 | 0.753 | 0.859 | 0.523 | 0.656 | 葫芦岛 | 0.919 | 0.952 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.835 | 0.861 | ||||
秦皇岛 | 0.965 | 0.953 | 1.000 | 0.961 | 0.756 | 0.756 | 辽宁省 | 0.928 | 0.944 | 0.972 | 0.960 | 0.797 | 0.814 | ||||
邯郸 | 0.818 | 0.935 | 0.867 | 0.931 | 0.638 | 0.720 | 济南 | 0.747 | 0.785 | 0.756 | 0.751 | 0.522 | 0.576 | ||||
邢台 | 0.769 | 0.852 | 0.785 | 0.827 | 0.604 | 0.652 | 青岛 | 0.768 | 0.815 | 0.805 | 0.807 | 0.876 | 0.623 | ||||
保定 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.942 | 0.915 | 0.710 | 0.719 | 淄博 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.604 | 0.664 | ||||
张家口 | 0.859 | 0.944 | 0.894 | 0.933 | 0.747 | 0.764 | 枣庄 | 0.806 | 0.868 | 0.868 | 0.887 | 0.707 | 0.716 | ||||
承德 | 0.940 | 0.965 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.753 | 0.791 | 东营 | 0.882 | 0.931 | 0.919 | 0.900 | 0.730 | 0.706 | ||||
沧州 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.769 | 0.801 | 烟台 | 0.817 | 0.848 | 0.804 | 0.798 | 0.556 | 0.589 | ||||
廊坊 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.794 | 0.800 | 潍坊 | 0.789 | 0.846 | 0.814 | 0.866 | 0.571 | 0.616 | ||||
衡水 | 0.821 | 0.878 | 0.881 | 0.880 | 0.754 | 0.734 | 济宁 | 0.798 | 0.870 | 0.783 | 0.829 | 0.603 | 0.631 | ||||
河北省 | 0.877 | 0.933 | 0.893 | 0.915 | 0.685 | 0.722 | 泰安 | 0.862 | 0.897 | 0.887 | 0.894 | 0.682 | 0.682 | ||||
沈阳 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 威海 | 0.925 | 0.922 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.716 | ||||
大连 | 0.887 | 0.899 | 1.000 | 0.865 | 0.600 | 0.647 | 日照 | 0.953 | 0.967 | 0.945 | 0.919 | 0.692 | 0.723 | ||||
鞍山 | 0.721 | 0.791 | 0.803 | 0.824 | 0.576 | 0.627 | 莱芜 | 0.944 | 0.972 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
抚顺 | 0.821 | 0.868 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.707 | 0.718 | 临沂 | 0.838 | 0.866 | 0.882 | 0.882 | 0.585 | 0.652 | ||||
本溪 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.886 | 德州 | 0.804 | 0.898 | 0.816 | 0.863 | 0.660 | 0.665 | ||||
丹东 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.966 | 0.876 | 0.895 | 聊城 | 0.869 | 0.908 | 0.865 | 0.880 | 0.685 | 0.706 | ||||
锦州 | 0.838 | 0.889 | 0.930 | 0.955 | 0.829 | 0.870 | 滨州 | 0.818 | 0.899 | 0.875 | 0.887 | 0.680 | 0.726 | ||||
营口 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.915 | 0.946 | 0.724 | 0.729 | 菏泽 | 0.922 | 0.929 | 0.860 | 0.908 | 0.703 | 0.732 | ||||
阜新 | 0.925 | 0.968 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.816 | 0.880 | 山东省 | 0.855 | 0.895 | 0.875 | 0.887 | 0.698 | 0.690 | ||||
辽阳 | 0.964 | 0.958 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.824 | 0.838 |
Tab.4
Test on threshold effects"
指标 | 科技水平 TECH | 城市规模 SCAL | 对外开放 INEX | 环境规制 ECRE |
---|---|---|---|---|
单一门槛检验 | 3.935** [0.032] | 9.869*** [0.000] | 10.040*** [0.000] | 8.108*** [0.004] |
双重门槛检 | 20.575*** [0.000] | 51.852*** [0.000] | 11.207*** [0.000] | 5.658*** [0.004] |
三重门槛检验 | 0.000 [0.224] | 0.000 [0.452] | 0.000 [0.174] | 0.000 [0.420] |
样本最小值 | 7.97/452 | 124.38 | 1.08% | 6.99%/1.42%/9.40% |
样本最大值 | 1185.76/2877956 | 1339.30 | 66.73% | 100%/99.3%8/100% |
样本均值 | 179.65/98835 | 528.44 | 15.68% | 80.22%/51.42%/89.89% |
Tab.5
Estimation of threshold values"
门槛变量 | 门槛估计值 | 95%置信 区间 | 门槛估计值 | 95%置信区间 |
---|---|---|---|---|
科技水平(TECH) | 1.069 | [1.055, 2.193] | 1.517 | [1.069, 1.590] |
城市规模(SCAL) | 2.511 (583.2) | [1.388, 4.181] | 3.138 (773.7) | [1.198, 3.683] |
对外开放(INEX) | 1.553 (10.16) | [1.463, 3.403] | 2.823 (30.99) | [1.550, 3.115] |
环境规制(ECRE) | 3.129 | [2.565, 3.963] | 3.825 | [2.609, 4.078] |
Tab.6
Estimation results of model parameters"
变量 | 系数 | 变量 | 系数 | 变量 | 系数 | 变量 | 系数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PGDP | 0.007 (0.013) | PGDP | 0.007 (0.014) | PGDP | 0.001 (0.012) | PGDP | 0.012 (0.013) |
STHD | 0.051*** (0.013) | STHD | 0.060*** (0.015) | STHD | 0.054*** (0.013) | STHD | 0.046*** (0.013) |
INEX | 0.010 (0.009) | INEX | 0.009 (0.009) | TECH | 0.089*** (0.023) | INEX | 0.010 (0.009) |
SCAL | -0.305*** (0.009) | TECH | 0.091*** (0.023) | SCAL | -0.273*** (0.008) | TECH | 0.073*** (0.023) |
INFO | 0.003 (0.020) | INFO | 0.006 (0.021) | INFO | 0.007 (0.020) | SCAL | -0.307*** (0.008) |
ECRE | 0.004 (0.011) | ECRE | 0.005 (0.011) | ECRE | 0.002 (0.011) | INFO | 0.004 (0.020) |
E·I(TECH≤δ1) | 0.149*** (0.047) | E·I(SCAL≤τ1) | 1.982*** (0.034) | E·I(INEX≤η1) | 0.131*** (0.028) | E·I(ECRE≤ν1) | 0.050** (0.021) |
E·I(δ1<ENER≤δ2) | 0.134*** (0.039) | E·I(τ1<SCAL≤τ2) | -0.335*** (0.012) | E·I(η1<INEX≤η2) | 0.073*** (0.016) | E·I(ν1<ECRE≤ν2) | 0.034** (0.016) |
E·I(ENER>δ2) | 0.097*** (0.027) | E·I(SCAL>τ2) | -0.334*** (0.009) | E·I(INEX>η2) | 0.031*** (0.011) | E·I(ECRE>ν2) | 0.023 (0.015) |
C | 1.181*** (0.0852) | C | 0.974*** (0.073) | C | 1.056*** (0.078) | C | 1.155*** (0.079) |
R2 | 0.829 | R2 | 0.984 | R2 | 0.812 | R2 | 0.826 |
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