基于海洋功能区划的海域开发利用承载力评价——以津冀海域为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.03.007

Abstract

Abstract:

Marine functional zonation is an important basis for marine spatial planning and exploitation, as stipulated by the Sea Use Management Law of the People's Republic of China. In this study, the Delphi method was employed to explore resource consumption coefficients of the 8 types of Grade I and 30 types of Grade II marine functional zones. Then the marine exploitation index and evaluation standard were established. The capacity index of marine exploitation and reclamation index were created based on marine functional zonation. The Tianjin-Hebei coastal area was chosen as a typical case to test the methods and indices. The result shows that the evaluation methods of marine exploitation capacity can reveal the capacity of marine exploitation objectively. Marine exploitation capacity index is 10.30, 13.87, and 10.30 in Cofeidian, Tianjin coastal new district, and Huanghua, which belong to the high capacity zone. Marine exploitation capacity index is 7.61 in Changli, which belongs to the moderate capacity zone. While marine exploitation capacity index is below 5.0 in Qinhuangdao City, Funing, Leting, Luannan, and Fengnan, which belong to the low capacity zone.

Key words: marine exploitation, carrying capacity, marine functional zone, assessment, Tianjin-Hebei coastal area

Ke CAO, Zhifeng ZHANG, Hongwei MA, Zhengxian YANG, Anning SUO. Capacity for resource exploitation based on marine functional zones: A case study in the Tianjin-Hebei coastal area[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(3): 320-326.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 15

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海域使用一级类	海域使用二级类	l_i
渔业用海	渔业基础设施用海	1.00
	围海养殖用海	0.80
	开放式养殖用海和人工鱼礁	0.20
交通运输用海	港口用海	0.80
	航道	0.50
	锚地	0.30
	路桥用海	0.40
工业用海	盐业用海	0.80
	临海工业用海	1.00
	固体矿产开采用海	0.20
	油气开采用海	0.20
旅游娱乐用海	旅游基础设施用海	1.00
	浴场用海	0.20
	游乐场用海	0.20
海底工程用海	电缆管道用海	0.20
	海底隧道用海	0.20
	海底场馆用海	0.20
排污倾倒用海	倾倒区用海	1.00
排污倾倒用海	污水达标排放用海	0.60
造地工程用海	城镇建设填海造地用海	1.00
	农业填海造地用海	0.80
	废弃物处置填海造地用海	1.00
特殊用海	科研教学用海与军事用海	0.50
	海洋保护区用海	0.10
	海岸防护工程用海	0.10

海洋功能区类型	海洋功能区允许的海洋开发程度	允许开发因子
农渔业区	允许有限改变海域自然属性,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.60
港口航运区	允许适度改变海域自然属性,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.70
工业与城镇建设区	允许填海造地等完全改变海域自然属性的用海活动,但比例不能超过60%,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.60
矿产与能源区	允许有限改变海域自然属性,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.60
旅游娱乐区	允许有限改变海域自然属性,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.60
海洋保护区	不允许改变海域自然属性,实验区允许适度开发利用	h_i=0.20
特殊利用区	允许少量改变海域自然属性,并符合海洋主体功能区规划的管控要求	h_i=0.40
保留区	不允许改变海域自然属性,逐步降低开发强度	h_i=0.10

评估依据	评估结果	赋值
R<5.0	低	1.0
10.0>R ≥5.0	中	2.0
R≥10.0	高	3.0

区域	渔业	交通运输	临海工业	旅游娱乐	填海造地	开发比例/%
总体/hm²	45976.77	28141.34	7797.27	1667.354	60633.65	16.02
丰南区/%	1.03	0.00	0.87	0.00	0.00	3.25
滦南县/%	0.15	0.00	4.62	0.00	0.00	0.48
乐亭县/%	49.20	4.33	5.58	2.89	0.17	10.07
曹妃甸区/%	0.59	7.54	37.12	0.00	32.29	31.89
昌黎县/%	34.64	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	21.68
抚宁县/%	1.74	0.00	0.00	40.44	0.00	7.43
秦皇岛市区/%	0.00	5.07	2.48	46.21	0.07	2.88
黄骅市/%	8.12	7.93	6.35	0.00	13.20	15.89
天津滨海新区/%	4.53	75.13	42.99	10.46	54.27	29.18

评价单元	农渔业区	港口航运区	工业与城镇区	矿产与能源区	旅游休闲娱乐区	特殊利用区	海洋保护区	保留区
秦皇岛市辖区	6613.0	53323.5	479.9	0.0	21912.1	0.0	244.1	4269.4
抚宁县	19039.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	9104.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
昌黎县	57056.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	5484.1	71.3	2144.4	0.0
乐亭县	122476.3	81976.2	3472.8	10453.5	11474.4	0.0	5333.7	0.0
曹妃甸区	11218.9	74217.2	21218.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
滦南县	13876.8	9213.2	5855.8	0.0	4128.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
丰南区	41335.8	16162.5	1609.9	10390.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
黄骅市	48784.3	15576.0	6455.9	8135.0	176.2	0.0	4128.1	15364.4
天津滨海新区	80533.7	72163.0	27325.4	3.5	13400.0	0.0	10474.9	10672.7
总体	400934.6	322631.6	66417.9	28982.6	65679.6	71.3	22325.2	30306.5

Capacity for resource exploitation based on marine functional zones: A case study in the Tianjin-Hebei coastal area

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评价单元	P_E	P_M0	R	评估结果	赋值
秦皇岛市辖区	2.101	0.653	3.22	低	1.0
抚宁县	1.988	0.731	2.72	低	1.0
昌黎县	4.865	0.639	7.61	中	2.0
乐亭县	2.485	0.731	3.40	低	1.0
曹妃甸区	7.006	0.680	10.30	高	3.0
滦南县	0.127	0.735	0.17	低	1.0
丰南区	1.449	0.743	1.95	低	1.0
黄骅市	6.336	0.615	10.30	高	3.0
天津滨海新区	9.127	0.658	13.87	高	3.0

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