PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 554-568.doi: 10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.05.003
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Rongqin ZHAO1(), Ying LIU2, Minglei DING1, Zhanping ZHANG1, Xianjin HUANG3, Yaochen QIN4
Accepted:
2015-12-01
Online:
2016-05-27
Published:
2016-05-27
Rongqin ZHAO, Ying LIU, Minglei DING, Zhanping ZHANG, Xianjin HUANG, Yaochen QIN. Theory, methods, and research progresses of regional carbon budget[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(5): 554-568.
Tab.2
Methods for regional carbon budget study"
类别 | 方法 | 适用范围 | 特点 | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|
碳排放 研究方法 | 温室气体清单法 | 社会生产的各部门 | 计算简便、实用 | IPCC, 2006 |
实测法 | 企业排放、能源活动 | 精确、测量要求高 | 郝千婷等, 2011 | |
排放监测法 | 自然生态系统、土壤系统或水体 | 原位观测、精确,成本较高(如涡度相关法和箱法) | Baldocchi, 2003; Frank et al, 2002 | |
物料衡算法 | 工业生产过程 | 需有完备基础数据记录、结果可靠 | 秦耀辰, 2013 | |
生命周期分析法 | 产品生产、企业活动等微观层面 | 计算详尽、完整,关注生产链能源消耗的碳排放(包括直接和间接排放) | 郝千婷等, 2011 | |
碳吸收 研究方法 | 样地清查法 | 陆地自然植被碳蓄积 | 核心是研究植被、枯落物或土壤等的碳储量,适用于小尺度的研究 | 方精云等, 2007 |
产量估算法 | 农田生态系统碳蓄积 | 利用作物产量的统计数据和碳吸收率进行估算,方法简便,较为准确 | 方精云等, 2007 | |
模型模拟法 | 植被的碳蓄积和净生产力 | 微观和宏观相结合的研究 | 朱文泉等, 2007 | |
遥感估测方法 | 森林和草地的碳蓄积 | 大尺度但具有一定的误差 | 张璐等, 2015 | |
碳流通 研究方法 | 投入产出分析 | 国民经济不同部门的碳流通与转移 | 投入产出表的空间尺度局限于国家和省域尺度,无法应用到小尺度空间范围 | Zhang M Y, Huang X J, 2012; 唐志鹏等, 2014 |
隐含碳分析 | 区域、城乡或产业之间的隐含碳流通 | 主要用于区域贸易、产品生产、商品服务等的隐含碳排放研究,不适用直接碳排放研究 | 石敏俊等, 2012; Zhao R Q, Huang X J, Zhong T Y et al, 2014 | |
生态系统分室模型 | 区域(自然或社会)子系统之间的碳流通 | 将区域系统模块化,但容易忽略部分碳流的核算 | 戈峰, 2007 | |
系统动力学 | 经济社会系统内部的碳流通 | 常用于对能源经济系统碳排放的动态模拟仿真,系统复杂,不确定 | 揣小伟, 2013 | |
物质代谢分析 | 区域社会经济系统与外界的碳流通和交换 | 从物质流平衡的角度从固态物质层面分析区域的碳流通 | 黄贤金等, 2009 | |
碳平衡 分析方法 | 碳平衡指标方法 | 区域碳平衡状况的单一要素评价 | 计算简便、直观,易于区域之间的对比分析 | 叶笃正等, 1992; 赵荣钦, 2012 |
碳氧平衡分析法 | 区域整体碳平衡状况评价 | 从气体循环的角度开展,没有考虑系统内含碳固态物质的输入、输出、转化、废弃等环节 | 马巾英等, 2011 |
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