基于地理探测器的北京市居民宜居满意度影响机理

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.08.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Urban livability is an essential science issue, which is closely related to residents' life qualities. Consequently, studies on the influencing mechanism of residents' livability satisfaction in an urban transitional period are of great practical significance in Beijing, which facilitate the understanding of residents' residential environment demand and promote construction of a livable city. Based on a large-scale questionnaire survey of livable city of Beijing in 2013, factor analysis was applied to extract perception factors of residents' livability satisfaction. Then we used the geographical detector method to reveal the influence mechanism of livability satisfaction from the perspective of livable satisfaction's perception factors and individual and family characteristics. The results show that: (1) Residents' livability satisfaction in Beijing is mainly consisted of seven dimensions, including pollution and noise factor, residential facilities factor, social environment factor, convenient transportation factor, natural environment factor, safety factor and leisure activity factor. (2) Livability satisfaction is jointly affected by perception factors of livability satisfaction and individual and family characteristics, but the former has stronger impact than the latter. Pollution and noise, natural environment, and convenient transportation are key factors among the livability perception factors. (3) With disparities between individuals and families, livability satisfaction is relatively consistent with its perception factors. This means that lower livability satisfaction usually occurs along with lower scores of livability perception. Moreover, residents of outer suburbs, rental housing, having migration experience, male, 30~39 years old of age, with high school degree, family income below 5000, and nonlocal population registration have much lower livable satisfaction.

Key words: livability satisfaction, influencing mechanism, geographical detector, Beijing

ZHAN Dongsheng, ZHANG Wenzhong, YU Jianhui, MENG Bin, DANG Yunxiao. Analysis of influencing mechanism of residents' livability satisfaction in Beijing using geographical detector[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(8): 966-975.

Figures/Tables 6

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主成分因子	反映指标信息(因子载荷系数>0.5)	特征值	累计贡献率/%
F1污染噪声因子	PM2.5,汽车尾气排放产生的污染,扬尘/工业等其他空气污染,雨污水排放和水污染,工厂/工地等生产噪音,商店/学校/道路等生活噪音,垃圾堆弃物污染	9.532	28.036
F2生活设施因子	日常购物设施,大型购物设施,教育设施,医疗设施,银行网点,餐饮设施	3.180	37.388
F3人文环境因子	居住区邻里关系状况,居住区物业管理水平,社区文体活动,社区认同感,建筑景观的美感与协调	2.439	44.560
F4出行便捷因子	上下班出行的便利程度,生活出行的便利程度,商务出行的便利程度,到市中心的便利程度,停车的便利程度	1.687	49.522
F5自然环境因子	周边公园绿地绿带,居住区内绿化清洁,广场等公共活动场所,空间开敞性	1.309	53.371
F6安全环境因子	社会治安,交通安全,紧急避难场所,防灾宣传管理	1.175	56.826
F7休闲活动因子	休闲娱乐设施,老年活动设施,儿童游乐设施	1.086	60.019

宜居感知因素	得分	分类
宜居感知因素	得分	I	II	III	IV
F1噪声污染因子	s1	-1.73	-0.53	0.40	1.40
F1噪声污染因子	S1	64.26	69.11	74.02	77.95
F2生活设施因子	s2	-1.70	-0.53	0.36	1.55
F2生活设施因子	S2	66.67	70.64	73.64	74.00
F3人文环境因子	s3	-1.76	-0.55	0.38	1.53
F3人文环境因子	S3	66.03	70.64	73.27	75.19
F4出行便捷因子	s4	-1.81	-0.59	0.33	1.50
F4出行便捷因子	S4	65.77	70.39	73.59	74.23
F5自然环境因子	s5	-1.72	-0.55	0.37	1.42
F5自然环境因子	S5	65.28	70.68	73.53	75.10
F6安全环境因子	s6	-1.75	-0.56	0.35	1.41
F6安全环境因子	S6	67.39	70.44	72.95	75.02
F7休闲活动因子	s7	-1.73	-0.50	0.40	1.37
F7休闲活动因子	S7	69.38	71.42	72.47	73.26

属性	变量	宜居满意度	属性	变量	宜居满意度
居住区	内城区	72.34	家庭人口数/人	1	71.03
	近郊区	71.94		2	70.78
	远郊区	70.02		3	72.31
住房性质	自有房	72.23		4	71.45
	租赁房	71.04		≥5	72.07
迁居经历	有	70.70	家庭月总收入/元	<3000	69.16
	无	72.09		3000~4999	69.61
性别	男	71.32		5000~9999	72.28
	女	72.13		10000~15000	73.20
年龄/岁	<20	74.65		15000~20000	71.50
	20~29	71.53		20000~30000	73.33
	30~39	71.01		>30000	72.76
	40~49	73.29	职业	国家机关/党群组织/企事业单位负责人	72.09
	50~59	71.19		专业技术人员	70.99
	≥60	71.43		办事人员和有关人员	72.40
学历	初中及以下	72.05		商业/服务业人员	71.60
	高中	71.00		农林牧渔水利业生产人员	71.49
	大学	71.89		生产运输设备操作人员及有关人员	69.83
	研究生及以上	72.23		军人	73.33
婚姻状态	已婚	71.89		不便分类的其他从业人员	72.15
	未婚	71.59	小汽车拥有状况	有	71.54
	离异	67.45		无	71.98
就业状态	在业	71.72	户籍状态	本地户籍	72.36
	不在业	71.26		外地户籍	70.39

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Analysis of influencing mechanism of residents' livability satisfaction in Beijing using geographical detector

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