中国南方湿润区“荒漠化”问题讨论

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.06.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Desertification is a serious problem worldwide that has environmental and socioeconomic consequences. Desertification research has important significance for protecting the environment and for regional sustainable development. Based on an examination of the connotation of desertification we suggest that desertification not only are caused by human disturbance superimposing on climatic drought in dryland areas of the north, but also can be a result of extreme land degradation due to soil erosion superimposing on physical drought effect in southern humid areas. This study compared different aspects of the desertification processes in dry and humid areas, including material base, climatic conditions, influencing factors, formation forces, core functions, and land surface processes. Finally, we used red beds area of southern China as an example to analyze red beds land degradation by combining on-the-spot investigation and vegetation cover (VFC) data derived from Landsat TM images in 1992-2013. The results show that under the impact of repeated human interference and natural factors, there is a clear trend of vegetation change, topsoil loss, and rock weathering, which produce desert-like landscape. The degradation process in red beds is similar to the Karst rocky desertification and land degradation of red soil in hilly areas, but whether this type of extreme land degradation that took place in the humid area of southern China is "desertification" needs further studying.

Key words: desertification, land degradation, southern humid area, red beds desertification, remote sensing monitoring

Yuanliang JIN, Hua PENG, Luobin YAN, Yuewu XIANG, Xiangyu WANG. Discussion on desertification of humid region in southern China[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(6): 772-780.

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因子	干旱区荒漠化	中国南方湿润区土地退化
物质基础	各类风化壳、沉积物、黄土等	碳酸盐、花岗岩、红层等风化壳
气候条件	干旱、温差大、多大风	湿润、季节性干旱、降雨集中
影响因子	自然因素(气候变化)、人为干扰	人为干扰、自然因素(岩性、地形、降水)
形成营力	风力、流水、盐渍化等	流水
核心作用	气候性干旱胁迫,风力与流水侵蚀	物理性干旱,水力侵蚀
地表过程	植被退化、土壤理化性质变化、砂质地表裸露,形成类似荒漠景观	植被退化、土壤流失与理化性质变化、基岩或风化壳裸露,形成类似荒漠景观

年份	极度荒漠化	重度荒漠化	中度荒漠化	轻度荒漠化	无荒漠化
1992	0.83	2.62	12.90	20.02	63.62
1999	1.36	3.23	7.99	14.15	73.28
2013	1.26	2.25	7.35	18.63	70.51

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Discussion on desertification of humid region in southern China

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