基于SWAT模型的大伙房水库汇水区农业非点源污染空间特性研究

doi:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2012.010.1247

Abstract

Abstract:

SWAT model was used to calculate the agricultural non-point source pollution in Dahuofang reservoir catchment, Liaoning Province. The monitoring data of hydrology and water quality series from 2006 to 2009 was used to calibrate the parameters and validate the model, and the results indicated that SWAT model was appropriate for Dahuofang reservoir catchment. The calibrated model was used to reveal the spatial distribution of agricultural non-point source pollution characteristic. The results show that the annual amount of soil erosion in the reservoir catchment was 1.54×10⁵t. In other words, there was very light soil erosion in the investigated area. The result was consistent with the actual situation of the forest coverage in this area. The various usage of lands have various degree of soil erosion. The arable lands indicated the highest soil erosion modulus, which were 475.84 t/(km²·a); the open woodlands were the second highest contributor, followed by shrub woodlands, and the soil erosion of the forests were the smallest. The slope output of both nitrogen and phosphorus in catchment were 1 248.83 t and 102.88 t, respectively. The Hun River basin ranked first in the contribution to the load of TN and TP pollution, accounted for 52.01% and 52.43%, respectively, followed by the Suzi River basin and the She River basin. The minimum contributors were the basins around the reservoir. The pollutions of nitrogen and phosphorus were various with different types of land use. The loads of TN and TP were mainly from the arable lands, which were 1 024.33 t and 93.35 t, respectively, which were much higher than the other land use types. Overall, the non-point source pollution around the Hun River basin was higher than the Suzi River′s, while the She River basin was minimum. The output intensity of non-point source pollution of the upstream region was higher than the downstream. This study indicated the spatial spread features of non-point source pollution at target areas, and the results provide a significant support to prevent both soil erosion and non-point source pollution.

Key words: Dahuofang Reservoir catchment, SWAT model, agricultural non-point source pollution, spatial distribution

CLC Number:

Jie TANG, Chang LIU, Wei YANG, Zhao-yang LI, Jia-xi WU. Spatial Distribution of Non-point Source Pollution in Dahuofang Reservoir Catchment Based on SWAT Model[J].SCIENTIA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, 2012, 32(10): 1247-1253.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 21

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数据类型	包含参数	数据来源
图件	30m×30m的DEM数据（GRID格式）	https://wist.echo.nasa.gov
	2006年土地利用图（1:5万）SHAPE格式	购置
	土壤类型图（1:5万）SHAPE格式	购置
	水系图（1:25万）SHAPE格式	本课题组数据库系统
气象	日降水数据、日最高、最低气温、日太阳辐射量、日露点温度和日平均风速	中国气象科学数据共享服务网;中华人民共和国水文年鉴-辽河流域
土壤理化性质	土壤粒径级配百分比、土壤容重、有效含水率、土壤硝态氮、有机氮、有机磷等	《抚顺土壤》^[15]、《辽宁土壤》^[16]
农作物管理措施	耕种、施肥、施用农药、灌溉、收割	现场调查、抚顺市环境保护局生态处统计资料

模拟时期	拟合项	实测月均值	模拟月均值	R_e	E_ns	R²
校准期	径流量（m³/s）	31.12	29.53	-5.13%	0.85	0.86
	输沙量（t）	5069.23	4756.39	-6.17%	0.91	0.92
	TN负荷（t）	181.62	194.16	6.09%	0.66	0.71
	TP负荷（t）	10.02	11.46	14.37%	0.69	0.68
验证期	径流量（m³/s）	21.19	22.63	6.81%	0.84	0.85
	输沙量（t）	3142.23	3619.35	15.18%	0.69	0.74
	TN负荷（t）	153.34	159.46	3.99%	0.67	0.69
	TP负荷（t）	7.85	8.52	8.58%	0.73	0.68

Spatial Distribution of Non-point Source Pollution in Dahuofang Reservoir Catchment Based on SWAT Model

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