流域生态补偿研究现状及关键问题剖析

doi:10.11820/dlkxjz.2012.04.001

Abstract

Abstract: In a watershed, competitive water use in upstream and downstream causes a conflict between development of human beings and eco-environment. It is high time to establish mechanism of payments for ecosystem services (PES). Domestic and foreign researches on PES in watersheds mainly focus on assessment on PES implementation, choice of compensation scale, calculation of compensation standard, relationship between PES and poverty reduction, and spatial differentiation of PES. The key issues are how to make eco-compensation standard and how to realize the beneficial owner recuperation. Compensation bodies and compensation objects are defined by analysis of stakeholders and water quantity and quality between upstream and downstream. Meanwhile, maximum standard, minimum standard and reference standard of eco-compensation are determined by calculating ecological profit and loss from upstream to downstream, opportunity cost and willingness to pay (WTP). Furthermore, PES mechanism of multi-level, multi-subject and multi-factor is established. Finally, difficulties are analyzed during the construction of PES mechanism in watersheds.

Key words: compensation bodies and compensation objects, eco-compensation standard, ecosystem service, PES (payments for ecosystem services), watershed

QIAO Xuning, YANG Yongju, YANG Degang. Review of Payments for Ecosystem Services and the Key Issues in a Watershed[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2012, 31(4): 395-402.

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