COVID-19疫情对北京市节日休闲区域人口热力影响研究

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.07.001

Abstract

Abstract:

The Chinese government has curbed the outbreak of COVID-19 through a population flow control rarely seen in history. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the recreation industry. Using mobile location data, this study quantitatively analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population heat map in the leisure areas within the Third Ring Road of Beijing City on the Qingming Festival and Labor Day. The results showed that: 1) The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted population heat map in leisure areas in Beijing on holidays, and the population heat map values of the three types of leisure areas investigated in this study declined by 54.2% and 53.0% on the Qingming Festival and Labor Day in 2020 as compared to the 2019 values, respectively. To be specific, the population heat map values of famous scenery, shopping services, and hotel accommodation decreased by 53.6%, 57.5%, and 52.9% on the Qingming Festival, and by 48.5%, 52.0%, and 55.6% on Labor Day, respectively. 2) There were differences in the degree of the impact on population heat map in different types of areas in famous scenery. The impact on the three major segments of famous scenery can be ranked in ascending order as follows: temples and churches (41.7%, 50.3%), parks and squares (53.1%, 47.1%), and scenic spots (61.1%, 51.2%). Wilcoxon rank sum test showed that the hourly variation of population heat map in temples and churches was smaller, and the overall demand can be ranked in ascending order as follows: sightseeing, daily leisure, and religious activities. 3) The 2020 population heat map of the leisure areas within the Third Ring Road of Beijing City was significantly negatively and positively correlated with the population heat map before the pandemic and area of these leisure areas, respectively. This can be attributed to the risk perception of the leisure crowds and the spatial and environmental factors of the disease prevention and control measures. This study provides a scientific basis for assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on leisure forms in big cities of China.

Key words: population heat map, leisure population, risk perception, COVID-19, Beijing City

ZHAO Ziyu, ZHAO Shiyao, HAN Zhonghui, XU Yunxiao, JIN Jie, WANG Shijun. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population heat map in leisure areas in Beijing on holidays[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(7): 1073-1085.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 34

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AOI类型	数量/个	主要分类内容
酒店住宿	219	宾馆酒店、经济型连锁酒店、旅馆招待所、青年旅舍、三星级宾馆、四星级宾馆、五星级宾馆、住宿服务相关等
购物服务	111	超级市场、购物相关场所、花鸟鱼虫市场、商场、步行街、特色商业街、专卖店、综合市场、购物中心等
风景名胜	102	城市广场、动物园、公园、纪念馆、寺庙教堂、旅游景点、世界遗产、水族馆、寺庙道观、植物园等
景区景点	25	纪念馆、旅游景点、世界遗产
公园广场	64	公园、城市广场
寺庙教堂	13	寺庙道观、教堂、回教寺

变量名称	变量含义	模型1		模型2
变量名称	变量含义	平均值	标准差	平均值	标准差
decline	人口热力下降程度	137.877	506.328	307.412	819.712
positioning	节日日均定位次数	193.074	599.601	382.765	928.947
area	AOI面积/m²	44441.313	152637.954	140247.609	289196.300
scenery	AOI类型：风景名胜	0.236	0.425
shopping	AOI类型：购物服务	0.257	0.437
park square	AOI类型：公园广场			0.627	0.486
scenic spot	AOI类型：景区景点			0.245	0.432
temple church	AOI类型：寺庙教堂			0.127	0.335

时刻	清明节							劳动节
	景区景点		公园广场		寺庙教堂			景区景点		公园广场		寺庙教堂
	P值	t值	P值	t值	P值	t值	P值	t值		P值	t值	P值	t值
9:00	0.041	2.041	0.001	3.179	0.028	2.192		0.026	2.225	0.001	3.432	0.190	1.311
10:00	0.026	2.221	<0.001	4.293	0.042	2.035		0.044	2.012	<0.001	4.172	0.082	1.738
11:00	0.025	2.249	<0.001	4.255	0.134	1.500		0.067	1.832	<0.001	3.667	0.054	1.924
12:00	0.001	3.429	<0.001	3.663	0.081	1.744		0.040	2.049	<0.001	4.085	0.005	2.828
13:00	0.016	2.403	<0.001	4.814	0.009	2.629		0.002	3.147	<0.001	3.748	0.014	2.448
14:00	0.004	2.858	<0.001	4.872	0.000	3.492		0.010	2.584	<0.001	4.420	0.008	2.660
15:00	0.010	2.570	<0.001	3.785	0.014	2.450		0.005	2.828	<0.001	4.891	0.064	1.864
16:00	0.001	3.260	<0.001	3.939	0.026	2.222		<0.001	3.604	<0.001	4.715	0.052	1.943
17:00	0.008	2.672	0.003	2.927	0.013	2.473		0.003	3.012	<0.001	4.690	0.008	2.660
18:00	0.009	2.627	<0.001	4.060	0.188	1.316		0.030	2.177	<0.001	4.392	0.014	2.455
19:00	0.070	1.814	<0.001	4.175	0.065	1.848		0.112	1.588	<0.001	4.486	0.173	1.362
20:00	0.042	2.037	<0.001	4.711	0.028	2.192		0.199	1.284	<0.001	3.799	0.044	2.019
21:00	0.035	2.108	<0.001	4.626	0.099	1.649		0.082	1.741	<0.001	5.035	0.415	0.815

变量	decline	area	positioning	scenery
decline	1
area	-0.186^***	1
positioning	-0.487^***	0.654^***	1
scenery	-0.015	0.444^***	-0.101	1

变量	decline	area	positioning	park square	scenic spot	temple church
decline	1
area	-0.234^**	1
positioning	-0.524^***	0.792^***	1
park square	0.061	0.040	0.030	1
scenic spot	-0.192	0.212^**	0.225^**	-0.750^***	1
temple church	0.162	-0.338^***	-0.340^***	-0.493^***	-0.207^**	1

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population heat map in leisure areas in Beijing on holidays

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变量	未标准化系数(B)	标准误差	标准化系数(Beta)	t	VIF
k	-0.736^***	0.102		-7.252
area	0.078^***	0.015	0.534	5.093	3.232
positioning	-0.129^***	0.014	-0.870	-9.215	2.621
scenery	-0.138^***	0.032	-0.339	-4.258	1.868

变量	未标准化系数(B)	标准误差	标准化系数(Beta)	t	VIF
k	-0.854^***	0.169		-5.055
area	0.072^***	0.020	0.495	3.528	2.722
positioning	-0.128^***	0.020	-0.892	-6.342	2.738
park square	0.050	0.046	0.107	1.079	1.361
temple church	0.055	0.073	0.079	0.743	1.559

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