基于G-TOPSIS模型的贫困农户多目标发展评价——以云南福贡县为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.06.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Establishing a multi-objective development evaluation system for poverty-stricken households to realize the accurate identification and dynamic monitoring of relative poverty under different development goals has become an urgent need of poverty alleviation and development in the new stage of rural poverty alleviation. Taking into consideration the strategies of targeted poverty alleviation, rural revitalization, and sustainable development, this study designed a "goal fulfillment degree" Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (G-TOPSIS) multi-objective development evaluation model that reveals the development level and development gap of poverty-stricken households under the short-, medium-, and long-term goals, and detected the influencing factors of poverty reduction of farming households at different development levels based on geographical detector. Taking Fugong County, Yunnan Province as the study area, the results show that: 1) At present, there is a large number of farming households in the study area that are still in absolute poverty, and there is still a great pressure to tackle the poverty problem. Therefore, comprehensive poverty alleviation is the most urgent development goal of Fugong County. Farming households that are out of absolute poverty are still in relative poverty and have high poverty vulnerability. They are still far from the average development level of rural residents nation-wide and in the province. Therefore, the task of preventing and alleviating relative poverty in Fugong County is arduous. 2) Under the short-term goal, the main factors contributing to poverty are the number of years of education for the labor force, sanitary toilets, safe housing, per capita net income of the family, and family health; under the medium- and long-term goals, compared with the national and provincial levels, the main development weaknesses are per capita net income of the family, education for the labor force, and safe housing. 3) Affected by infrastructure, terrain, economic geographical location, natural resources, and traffic location, the spatial distribution characteristics of poor farming households at different development levels are very different. The lower the development level of farming households, the stronger the spatial heterogeneity, and the greater the impact of geographical environment. The research results can provide efficient technical decision-making support for the implementation of national precision poverty reduction strategies, rural revitalization strategies, and sustainable development strategies.

Key words: multidimensional poverty, development evaluation, development level, poverty factors, Fugong County, Yunnan Province

QI Wenping, WANG Yanhui, WAN Yuan, HUANG Tao. Multi-objective development evaluation of poverty-stricken households based on G-TOPSIS model: A case study from Fugong County, Yunnan Province[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(6): 1024-1036.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1

Tab.1

Fig.2

Tab.2

Tab.3

Fig.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

References 37

[1]	黄征学, 高国力, 滕飞, 等. 中国长期减贫, 路在何方? 2020年脱贫攻坚完成后的减贫战略前瞻[J]. 中国农村经济, 2019(9):2-14.
	[ Huang Zhengxue, Gao Guoli, Teng fei, et al. Where is China's long-term poverty reduction? Prospects of poverty reduction strategies after 2020. Chinese Rural Economy, 2019(9):2-14. ]
[2]	高强, 孔祥智. 论相对贫困的内涵、特点难点及应对之策[J]. 新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2020,41(3):32-40.
	[ Gao Qiang, Kong Xiangzhi. On the connotation, characteristics, difficulties and countermeasures of relative poverty. Journal of Xinjiang Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2020,41(3):32-40. ]
[3]	陈志钢, 毕洁颖, 吴国宝, 等. 中国扶贫现状与演进以及2020年后的扶贫愿景和战略重点[J]. 中国农村经济, 2019(1):2-16.
	[ Chen Zhigang, Bi Jieying, Wu Guobao, et al. Post-2020 rural urban integrative poverty reduction strategy: Development status, evolution, new vision and key areas. Chinese Rural Economy, 2019(1):2-16. ]
[4]	魏后凯, 刘长全. 中国农村改革的基本脉络、经验与展望[J]. 中国农村经济, 2019(8):101-115.
	[ Wei Houkai, Liu Changquan. The basic context, experience and prospect of China's rural reform. Review of Economic Research, 2019(8):101-115. ]
[5]	汪三贵, 郭子豪. 论中国的精准扶贫[J]. 贵州社会科学, 2015(5):147-150.
	[ Wang Sangui, Guo Zihao. On precision poverty alleviation in China. Guizhou Social Sciences, 2015(5):147-150. ]
[6]	汪三贵, 冯紫曦. 脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有机衔接: 逻辑关系、内涵与重点内容[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2019,19(5):8-14.
	[ Wang Sangui, Feng Zixi. The organic connection between poverty alleviation and rural rejuvenation: logical relationship, connotation and key content. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), 2019,19(5):8-14. ]
[7]	黄承伟, 覃志敏. 我国农村贫困治理体系演进与精准扶贫[J]. 开发研究, 2015(2):56-59.
	[ Huang Chengwei, Qin Zhimin. Evolution of China's rural poverty governance system and targeted poverty alleviation. Research on Development, 2015(2):56-59. ]
[8]	Sen A K. Development as freedom [M]. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1999.
[9]	Alkire S, Foster J. Understandings and misunderstandings of multidimensional poverty measurement[J]. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 2011,9:289-314.
[10]	Ravallion M. On multidimensional indices of poverty[J]. Journal of Economic Inequality, 2011,9:235-248.
[11]	Wang Y H, Chen Y F. Using VPI to measure poverty-stricken villages in China[J]. Social Indicators Research, 2016,127(3):1-25.
[12]	刘艳华, 徐勇. 中国农村多维贫困地理识别及类型划分[J]. 地理学报, 2015,70(6):991-1007.
	[ Liu Yanhua, Xu Yong. Geographical identification and classification of multi-dimensional poverty in rural China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2015,70(6):991-1007. ]
[13]	陈烨烽, 王艳慧, 王小林. 中国贫困村测度与空间分布特征分析[J]. 地理研究, 2016,35(12):2298-2308.
	[ Chen Yefeng, Wang Yanhui, Wang Xiaolin. Measurement and spatial analysis of poverty-stricken villages in China. Geographical Research, 2016,35(12):2298-2308. ]
[14]	陈烨烽, 王艳慧, 赵文吉, 等. 中国贫困村致贫因素分析及贫困类型划分[J]. 地理学报, 2017,72(10):1827-1844.
	[ Chen Yefeng, Wang Yanhui, Zhao Wenji, et al. Contributing factors and classification of poor villages in China. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2017,72(10):1827-1844. ]
[15]	高帅, 毕洁颖. 农村人口动态多维贫困: 状态持续与转变[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2016,26(2):76-83.
	[ Gao Shuai, Bi Jieying. Dynamic multidimensional poverty in rural China: Persistence and transition. China Population, Resources and Environment, 2016,26(2):76-83. ]
[16]	张庆红. 新疆城镇贫困的测度及影响因素分析[J]. 石河子大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2015,29(1):25-30.
	[ Zhang Qinghong. Analysis of urban poverty measurement and influencing factors in Xinjiang. Journal of Shihezi University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2015,29(1):25-30. ]
[17]	夏春萍, 雷欣悦, 王翠翠. 我国农村多维贫困的空间分布特征及影响因素分析: 基于31省的多维贫困测度[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2019,24(8):229-238.
	[ Xia Chunping, Lei Xinyue, Wang Cuicui. Analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of multidimensional poverty in rural China: Based on a multidimensional poverty measurement of 31 provinces. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2019,24(8):229-238. ]
[18]	孙久文, 夏添. 中国扶贫战略与2020年后相对贫困线划定: 基于理论、政策和数据的分析[J]. 中国农村经济, 2019(10):98-113.
	[ Sun Jiuwen Xia Tian. China's poverty alleviation strategy and the delineation of the relative poverty line after 2020: An analysis based on theory, policy and empirical data. Chinese Rural Economy, 2019(10):98-113. ]
[19]	苏昕, 赵琨. 发展性福利视域下中国贫困的可持续治理[J]. 山西大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2019,42(6):73-79.
	[ Su Xin, Zhao Kun. Sustainable governance of poverty in China from the perspective of development welfare. Journal of Shanxi University (Philosophy & Social Science), 2019,42(6):73-79. ]
[20]	刘小鹏, 苏胜亮, 王亚娟, 等. 集中连片特殊困难地区村域空间贫困测度指标体系研究[J]. 地理科学, 2014,34(4):447-453.
	[ Liu Xiaopeng, Su Shengliang, Wang Yajuan, et al. The index system of spatial poverty of village level to monitor in concentrated contiguous areas with particular difficulties. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2014,34(4):447-453. ]
[21]	王小林, Alkire S. 中国多维贫困测量: 估计和政策含义[J]. 中国农村经济, 2009(12):4-10.
	[ Wang Xiaolin, Alkire S. Multidimensional poverty measurement in China: Estimation and policy implications. Chinese Rural Economy, 2009(12):4-23. ]
[22]	Betti G, Gagliardi F, Lemmi A, et al. Comparative measures of multidimensional deprivation in the European Union[J]. Empirical Economics, 2015,49:1071-1100.
[23]	Guedes G R, Brondízio E S, Barbieri A F, et al. Poverty and inequality in the rural Brazilian Amazon: A multidimensional approach[J]. Human Ecology, 2012,40:41-57.
[24]	何仁伟, 方方, 刘运伟. 贫困山区农户人力资本对生计策略的影响研究: 以四川省凉山彝族自治州为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019,38(9):1282-1293.
	[ He Renwei, Fang Fang, Liu Yunwei. Influence of human capital on the livelihood strategy of farming households in poor mountainous areas: A case study of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan, China. Progress in Geography, 2019,38(9):1282-1293. ]
[25]	马历, 龙花楼, 屠爽爽, 等. 基于乡村多功能理论的贫困村域演变特征与振兴路径探讨: 以海南省什寒村为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2019,38(9):1435-1446.
	[ Ma Li, Long Hualou, Tu Suangsuang, et al. Characteristics of change and vitalization pathways of poor villages based on multifunctional rural development theory: A case study of Zahan Village in Hainan Province. Progress in Geography, 2019,38(9):1435-1446. ]
[26]	王宏卫, 柴春梅, 樊永红, 等. 基于DPSIR-TOPSIS模型的和田连片特困地区生态安全综合评价[J]. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2016,51(5):100-106, 115.
	[ Wang Hongwei, Chai Chunmei, Fan Yonghong, et al. Comprehensive assessment of ecological security based on DPSIR-TOPSIS model in Hotan poverty-stricken areas. Journal of Gansu Agricultural University, 2016,51(5):100-106, 115. ]
[27]	赵莹, 刘小鹏, 郭永杰. 集中连片特困地区多维贫困的度量及动态演变: 以宁夏西吉县为例[J]. 宁夏大学学报(自然科学版), 2015,36(1):73-78.
	[ Zhao Ying, Liu Xiaopeng, Guo Yongjie. Measurement on the multidimensional poverty in concentrated contiguous destitute areas and its dynamic evolution trend: Taking Xiji County of Ningxia for example. Journal of Ningxia University(Natural Science Edition), 2015,36(1):73-78. ]
[28]	张志国, 武力兵, 聂荣. 基于模糊集理论的中国农村贫困测度[J]. 数学的实践与认识, 2016,46(23):9-16.
	[ Zhang Zhiguo, Wu Libing, Nie Rong. Chinese rural poverty measure based on the fuzzy set theory. Mathematics in Practice and Theory, 2016,46(23):9-16. ]
[29]	庄天慧, 张海霞, 余崇媛. 西南少数民族贫困县反贫困综合绩效模糊评价: 以10个国家扶贫重点县为例[J]. 西北人口, 2012,33(3):89-93, 98.
	[ Zhuang Tianhui, Zhang Haixia, Yu Chongyuan. Southwest minority poverty counties antipoverty comprehensive performance evaluation: Key counties for poverty relief to 10 countries as an example. Northwest Population Journal, 2012,33(3):89-93, 98. ]
[30]	顾小涵. 基于TOPSIS对精准扶贫实施绩效评价研究[D]. 南昌: 江西财经大学, 2019.
	[ Gu Xiaohan. Research on the performance evaluation of precision poverty alleviation based on TOPSIS . Nanchang, China: Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, 2019. ]
[31]	Martha G R, 杨国安. 可持续发展研究方法国际进展: 脆弱性分析方法与可持续生计方法比较[J]. 地理科学进展, 2003,22(1):11-21.
	[ Martha G R Yang Guo'an. The international progress of sustainable development research: A comparison of vulnerability analysis and the sustainable livelihoods approach. Progress in Geography, 2003,22(1):11-21. ]
[32]	齐文平, 王艳慧, 赵文吉, 等. 虑及生态环境的十四片区贫困县多维贫困度量[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018,29(11):3760-3772.
	[ Qi Wenping, Wang Yanhui, Zhao Wenji, et al. Multidimensional poverty measurement of poverty-stricken counties in China's 14 contiguous destitute areas considering ecological environment. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018,29(11):3760-3772. ]
[33]	Wang J F, Li X H, Christakos G, et al. Geographical detectors-based health risk assessment and its application in the neural tube defects study of the Heshun region, China[J]. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 2010,24(1):107-127.
[34]	丁建军, 冷志明. 区域贫困的地理学分析[J]. 地理学报, 2018,73(2):232-247.
	[ Ding Jianjun, Leng Zhiming. Regional poverty analysis in a view of geography science. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2018,73(2):232-247. ]
[35]	周扬, 李寻欢. 平原农区贫困地理格局及其分异机制: 以安徽省利辛县为例[J]. 地理科学, 2019,39(10):1592-1601.
	[ Zhou Yang, Li Xunhuan. Geographical pattern and mechanism of poverty differentiation in plain areas: A case study of Lixin County, Anhui Province. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2019,39(10):1592-1601. ]
[36]	王艳慧, 钱乐毅, 段福洲, 等. 村级贫困人口多维测算及其贫困特征分析: 以河南省内乡县为例[J]. 人口与经济, 2014(5):114-120.
	[ Wang Yanui, Qian Leyi, Duan Fuzhou, et al. An analysis on multidimensional poverty measurement and research on its spatial distribution pattern: A case study from Neixiang County. Population & Economics, 2014(5):114-120. ]
[37]	王佳宁, 史志乐. 贫困退出机制的总体框架及其指标体系[J]. 改革, 2017(1):119-131.
	[ Wang Jianing, Shi Zhile. The overall framework and index system of poverty exit mechanism. Reform, 2017(1):119-131. ]

维度	考核指标	指标解释及赋值	组合权重	短期目标	中期目标	长期目标
安全住房	X₁房屋结构	A级=1,B级=0.75,C=0.5,D级=0.25;根据国家住房和城乡建设部发布的《危险房屋鉴定标准》划定的A、B、C、D四个等级进行赋值,其中C、D属于危房	0.125	0.75	1	1
生活水平	X₂饮水情况	饮水安全=1,饮水不安全=0;饮水安全表示能够及时、足量获取生活饮用水,且长期饮用不影响人身健康	0.200	1	1	1
	X₃通电情况	通生产、生活用电=1,通生活用电=0.5,未通电=0;生产用电为380V的动力电,生活用电指220V的照明或家电用电	0.075	0.5	0.5	1
	X₄卫生厕所	无卫生厕所=0,有卫生厕所=1;卫生厕所包括水冲式卫生厕所和卫生旱厕	0.050	1	1	1
文化教育	X₅劳动力平均受教育年限(a)	劳动力接受学历教育的年限总和的平均数	0.100	6.00	7.19	7.60
	X₆适龄儿童入学率(%)	适龄儿童义务教育阶段无辍学=1,有因贫辍学=0	0.075	1	1	1
健康状况	X₇家庭健康状况	家庭成员健康=1,家庭成员有长期慢性病=0.5,家庭成员有残疾=0.25,家庭成员患有大病=0	0.100	1	1	1
经济收入	X₈人均纯收入(元)	指农村贫困户当年从各个来源得到的总收入相应地扣除所发生的费用后的收入总和,按人口平均的收入水平	0.175	3335	9862	14607
社会保障	X₉农村合作医疗保险参加率(%)	适龄家庭成员参加新农合或城镇居民医疗保险的比例	0.050	100%	100%	100%
社会保障	X₁₀适龄家庭成员养老保险参加率(%)	适龄家庭成员参加农村养老保险或城镇居民养老保险的比例	0.050	100%	100%	100%

乡镇	行政村	H¹/%	H²/%	H³/%	乡镇	行政村	H¹/%	H²/%	H³/%	乡镇	行政村	H¹/%	H²/%	H³/%
马吉乡	布腊村	51.6	18.2	1.0	鹿马登乡	赤洒底村	93.1	25.9	0.8	架科底乡	达大科村	3.7	0	0
	古当村	47.2	10.8	0		腊马洛村	50.0	0.6	0		架科村	12.0	0.6	0
	马吉村	25.5	5.8	0		鹿马登村	92.3	0.7	0		里吾底村	13.2	0.8	0
	马吉米村	29.7	23.0	4.7		麻甲底村	75.9	4.3	0		南安建村	2.1	0	0
	木加甲村	38.1	2.3	0		娃吐娃村	98.1	22.6	2.8		维独村	9.8	0.8	0
	乔底村	31.7	3.9	0		亚坪村	90.7	11.9	0	子里甲乡	俄科罗村	8.9	0	0
	旺基独村	38.7	4.0	0.3	上帕镇	达普洛村	66.9	1.0	0		金秀谷村	25.4	2.0	0
石月亮乡	拉马底村	73.2	22.8	1.3		达友村	90.7	9.0	0		腊母甲村	36.2	4.8	0
	利沙底村	74.6	10.6	0.7		古泉村	79.7	7.7	0		亚谷村	56.5	1.8	0
	米俄洛村	76.2	18.1	0		腊吐底村	41.5	5.6	0.3		子里甲村	36.5	2.7	0
	石门登村	26.3	1.3	0		腊乌村	84.4	14.5	0.7	匹河乡	果科村	12.7	0.9	0
	亚朵村	83.5	2.1	0		腊竹底村	89.4	6.0	0		架究村	5.5	0.6	0
	咱利村	93.0	18.0	0		木古甲村	91.1	5.5	0.3		老姆登村	95.1	18.3	0.7
	知洛村	21.8	1.1	0		上帕村	88.2	27.6	3.7		棉谷村	69.7	9.1	0
	资古朵村	82.5	10.4	0		施底村	91.0	27.5	2.5		普洛村	6.5	0	0
	左洛底村	41.8	2.0	0		双米底村	33.5	1.0	0		沙瓦村	64.4	7.7	1.5
鹿马登乡	巴甲朵村	80.6	11.8	0		知子洛村	62.3	0.9	0		托坪村	84.9	0.9	0
	布拉底村	64.9	1.8	0		珠明林村	80.5	9.4	0		瓦娃村	36.6	0.4	0
	赤恒底村	94.6	18.0	0	架科底乡	阿达村	8.8	0	0		知子罗村	34.9	0.6	0

指标	X₁房屋结构/%	X₂饮水情况/%	X₃通电情况/%	X₄卫生厕所/%	X₅劳动力受教育年限	X₆适龄儿童入学率/%	X₇家庭健康状况/%	X₈人均纯收入/%	X₉农村合作医疗保险参加率/%	X₁₀适龄家庭成员养老保险参加率/%
C_j¹	14.47	0	0	29.60	32.66	0	9.73	13.54	0	0
C_j²	11.41	0	6.98	23.33	27.99	0	7.67	22.61	0	0
C_j³	16.91	0	6.05	20.22	24.56	0	6.65	25.61	0	0
H_j¹	61.75	100.00	100.00	21.79	13.68	100.00	74.29	64.23	100.00	100.00
H_j²	61.75	100.00	76.59	21.79	6.17	100.00	74.29	24.23	100.00	100.00
H_j³	34.60	100.00	76.59	21.79	5.02	100.00	74.29	0.96	100.00	100.00

维度	指标	指标赋值	数据来源
自然资源	a₁人均耕地面积(hm²/人)	耕地面积/农业人口	统计数据
	a₂人均林地面积(hm²/人)	林地面积/农业人口	统计数据
	a₃人均牧草地面积(hm²/人)	牧草地面积/农业人口	统计数据
地形条件	b₁海拔(m)	行政村的平均海拔高度	ArcGIS空间分析
	b₂地形起伏度(m)	行政村内的平均地形起伏度	ArcGIS空间分析
	b₃坡度(°)	行政村内的平均坡度	ArcGIS空间分析
经济区位	c₁行政村到乡镇距离(km)	各行政村到所在乡镇中心地的距离	ArcGIS空间分析
经济区位	c₂行政村到县城的距离(km)	各行政村到所在县城中心地的距离	ArcGIS空间分析
交通区位	d₁行政村到主要干道的距离(km)	各行政村到高速、国道和省道的最短距离	ArcGIS空间分析
交通区位	d₂路网密度(km/km²)	行政村内的道路里程/面积	ArcGIS空间分析
基础设施	e₁通广播电视农户比例(%)	行政村内广播电视覆盖率	统计数据
	e₂通宽带比例(%)	行政村内通宽带农户的比例	统计数据
	e₃通电话率(%)	行政村内通电话农户的比例	统计数据
	e₄垃圾处理自然村比例(%)	配备垃圾收集设施,如垃圾桶、垃圾收集站	统计数据
	e₅自然村主干道硬化比例(%)	行政村内主干道为硬化路面的自然村比例	统计数据
公共服务	f₁是否通客运班车	行政村是否建有通客运班车线	统计数据
	f₂是否有行政村卫生室	是否建有标准化卫生室	统计数据
	f₃执业(助理)医师数(人)	执业(助理)医师的人数	统计数据
	f₄上小学方便的自然村比例(%)	行政村内上小学方便的自然村比例	统计数据
	f₅是否有行政村文化(图书)室	是指是否建有本村集体所有的文化(图书)室	统计数据

目标	自然资源	地形条件	经济区位	交通区位	基础设施	公共服务
H¹	0.133	0.273	0.218	0.128	0.363	0.091
H²	0.151	0.106	0.064	0.131	0.276	0.054
H³	0.195	0.039	0.010	0.176	0.066	0.065

Multi-objective development evaluation of poverty-stricken households based on G-TOPSIS model: A case study from Fugong County, Yunnan Province

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 37

Related Articles 10

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	CHEN Ruishan, ZHAO Zhiqiang, XU Di, CHEN Yi. Progress of research on sustainable development index for cities and urban agglomerations [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(1): 61-72.
[2]	ZHANG Jinping, LIN Dan, ZHOU Xiangli, YU Zhenxin, SONG Wei, CHENG Yeqing. Spatial difference of multidimensional poverty and its influencing factors in the rural areas of Hainan Province [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(6): 1013-1023.
[3]	LIU Qian, CHEN Jia, WU Kongsen, YANG Xinjun. Multidimensional poverty measurement and its impact mechanism on households in the Qinling-Daba Mountains poverty area: A case of Shangluo City [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(6): 996-1012.
[4]	LUO Jing,JIANG Liang,LUO Minghai,TIAN Lingling,CHEN Guolei,TIAN Ye,WU Yikun. Rural development level of villages in Wuhan City’s new urban districts and its hierarchical structure [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(9): 1370-1381.
[5]	Renwei HE, Guangqin LI, Yunwei LIU, Lina LI, Fang FANG. Theoretical analysis and case study on targeted poverty alleviation based on sustainable livelihoods framework:A case study of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(2): 182-192.
[6]	SHEN Yuming, LIU Kun, QIU Ling. Characteristics of services development of core cities in urban agglomerations of China [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2015, 34(8): 957-965.
[7]	LIU Dong, JIN Fengjun. Development level and coordination of highway networks of prefecture-level administrative regions in China [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2014, 33(2): 241-248.
[8]	YUAN Yuan, WANG Yanglin, MA Jing, WEI Hai, PENG Jian. Multidimensional evaluation of county poverty degree in Hebei Province [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2014, 33(1): 124-133.
[9]	SUN Dongqi, ZHANG Jingxiang, ZHANG Mingdou, YU Zhengsong, HU Yi, ZHOU Liang. Coupling relationship between urbanization efficiency and economic development level in the Yangtze River Delta [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2013, 32(7): 1060-1071.
[10]	QIN Zhiqin, ZHANG Pingyu. Spatial Structure of Urban Agglomeration in Liaoning Coastal Area [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2011, 30(4): 491-497.