长江经济带乡村功能区域差异及类型划分

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.12.003

Abstract

Abstract:

Making use of the advantages of different rural functions is an important way to realize rural revitalization. By constructing an index system of rural function evaluation and using GIS and the Theil index, the characteristics of production-living-ecological functions and source of regional differences in rural areas in the Yangtze River Economic Belt in 2016 were revealed. The results show that: 1) The spatial differentiation of production-living-ecological functions in rural areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was obvious. Midstream and downstream plain areas have a strong agricultural production function, downstream provincial capital cities and core development cities have powerful living function, and upstream and midstream mountainous and hilly areas have a strong ecological conservation function. 2) The overall regional differences in rural functions are derived from intraregional differences. The agricultural production function is significantly different within the upstream region, and the life and ecological conservation function is significantly different within the downstream region. The overall differences in rural functions in the midstream area are not significant. 3) Based on the evaluation results, the study area is divided into eight types of functional areas, namely, agricultural production area, living area, ecological conservation area, living-agricultural production area, living-ecological conservation area, agricultural production-ecological conservation area, agricultural production-living-ecological conservation development area, agricultural production-living-ecological conservation coordination area, thus providing a scientific basis for improving the spatial layout of rural functions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Key words: rural functions, regional differences, functional division, the Yangtze River Economic Belt

WANG Guangyao, ZHAO Zhongqiu, ZHU Peitian, LI Yufeng, SU Zhijie, LIU Jian. Regional differences and types of rural functions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(12): 1854-1864.

Figures/Tables 6

Tab.1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Tab.2

Tab.3

Results of classification of functional areas in rural areas"

功能类型区	市域单元	功能特征
农业生产区	淮北市、亳州市、宿州市、蚌埠市、阜阳市、淮南市、滁州市、荆州市、襄阳市、荆门市、天门市、潜江市、仙桃市、宜春市、衡阳市、岳阳市、常德市、益阳市、娄底市、自贡市、乐山市、宜宾市、鄂州市、咸宁市	农业生产功能强人居生活功能弱生态保育功能弱
人居生活区	上海市、无锡市、常州市、苏州市、宁波市、嘉兴市、湖州市、舟山市、温州市、台州市、宣城市、铜陵市、成都市、南昌市、景德镇市、武汉市	人居生活功能强农业生产功能弱生态保育功能弱
生态保育区	十堰市、恩施市、神农架、九江市、赣州市、吉安市、抚州市、上饶市、萍乡市、鹰潭市、邵阳市、张家界市、郴州市、永州市、怀化市、湘西州、毕节市、铜仁市、黔西南州、黔东南州、黔南州、保山市、昭通市、丽江市、普洱市、红河州、文山州、怒江州、迪庆州、绵阳市、广元市、雅安市、阿坝州、甘孜州、德阳市	生态保育功能强农业生产功能弱人居生活功能弱
人居生活-农业生产复合区	南京市、徐州市、南通市、连云港市、淮安市、盐城市、扬州市、镇江市、泰州市、宿迁市、合肥市、马鞍山市、芜湖市、池州市	人居生活功能较强农业生产功能较强生态保育功能弱
人居生活-生态保育复合区	黄山市、绍兴市、金华市、衢州市、丽水市	人居生活功能较强生态保育功能较强农业生产功能弱
生态保育-农业生产复合区	贵阳市、遵义市、安顺市、昆明市、曲靖市、玉溪市、楚雄州、西双版纳、攀枝花、泸州市、达州市、凉山州、眉山市	生态保育功能较强农业生产功能较强人居生活功能弱
农业生产-人居生活-生态保育综合发展区	六安市、安庆市、黄冈市、黄石市、孝感市、随州市、六盘水市、临沧市、德宏州、遂宁市、内江市、南充市、广安市、巴中市、资阳市	农业生产功能弱人居生活功能弱生态保育功能弱
农业生产-人居生活-生态保育综合协调区	杭州市、宜昌市、新余市、长沙市、株洲市、湘潭市、重庆市、大理州	农业生产功能强人居生活功能强生态保育功能强

Tab.3

Fig.3

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乡村功能	指标	指标性质	指标权重	指标来源与计算方法
农业生产功能	耕地面积(hm²) 粮食单产(kg/hm²) 人均农林牧渔业产值(元/人) 农业机械动力(万kWh) 第一产业占比(%)	正向正向正向正向正向	0.25 0.13 0.21 0.22 0.19	各市(区)统计年鉴粮食总产量/耕地面积农林牧渔总产值/乡村总人口各市(区)统计年鉴第一产业产值/地区生产总值
人居生活功能	乡村人口比重(%) 乡村居民人均可支配收入(元) 乡村居民恩格尔系数(%) 乡村人均住房面积(m²/人) 每万人拥有医院床位数(张/万人) 乡村人均用电量(kWh/人)	正向正向负向正向正向正向	0.18 0.19 0.06 0.18 0.14 0.25	乡村人口/区域总人口各市(区)统计年鉴食品支出/消费总支出各市(区)统计年鉴医院、卫生院床位数/区域人口乡村用电量/乡村总人口
生态保育功能	地区生态服务价值总量(元) 地均生态服务价值(元/km²) 森林覆盖率(%)	正向正向正向	0.23 0.20 0.57	通过Costanza(1997)、谢高地等(2003)、谢高地等(2008)的方法计算生态服务价值总量/土地面积林地面积/土地总面积

乡村功能	泰尔指数						贡献率/%
乡村功能	总指数	上游	中游	下游	地区内	地区间	上游	中游	下游	地区内	地区间
农业生产	0.026	0.032	0.014	0.015	0.020	0.006	39.0	18.4	20.4	77.8	22.2
人居生活	0.175	0.094	0.048	0.123	0.097	0.078	12.7	7.2	35.2	55.1	44.9
生态保育	0.161	0.098	0.065	0.268	0.117	0.044	26.6	15.1	30.6	72.3	27.7

Regional differences and types of rural functions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

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