开发区居住空间特征及其形成机制——对北京经济技术开发区的调查

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2017.01.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Using primary data from a questionnaire survey of Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA), this study examined the characteristics of residential space of development zone and its formation mechanism. The study found that both the income and education levels of residents of development zones are higher compared to the general population. Immigration has been the most important source of population increase. The types of housing in development zone are diversified, and government policies and size of housing are important factors that caused the development of residential differentiation. Differences in income and social stratus have resulted in spatial segregation of residents of higher and lower incomes. As new suburban communities, in development zones the awareness of rights of resident is strongly while the community connection is week among the residents of these communities. Distance of commuting is the most important factor that affects the residential location choice in development zones. Living environment and quality of education resources are also important factors. In order to analyze the characteristics of residential space of development zones, a theoretical framework of formation mechanism is put forward that considers multiple stakeholders including residents, real estate developer, local government, enterprises, parent city, and surrounding districts. At present, most economic-technological development areas are facing the transformation from areas of industrial function to urbanized functional area. These areas are industrial agglomerations or residential towns, even isolated cities, which creates a complex situation. As a result, the residential space and its formation mechanism are very complex. This is significant for understanding and developing the theories of urban residential space.

Key words: development zone, residential space, residential differentiation, suburbanization, Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (BDA)

Jian FENG, Yizhi XIANG. Characteristics of residential space of development zone and formation mechanism: An investigation of Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(1): 99-111.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 34

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小区名称	物业类型	住房产权类型比重/%						平均房价/(元/㎡)	入住时间
小区名称	物业类型	单位分房			商品房	经适房	回迁房	租赁房	其他
博客雅居	公寓、塔楼	0	66.67	0	0	33.33	0	15139	2008年6月
大雄城市花园	公寓、板楼、双拼和联排别墅	0	75.86	0	3.45	20.69	0	15235	2000年6月
东晶国际公寓	公寓、板塔结合	0	76.67	3.33	0	10.00	10.00	14059	2003年9月
管委会宿舍	公寓	23.33	23.33	3.33	0	43.33	6.68	12900	1996年
金地格林	公寓、板楼、独栋、联排和叠拼别墅	0	96.55	0	0	3.45	0	16722	2003年2月
卡尔生活馆	公寓、别墅、花园洋房、板楼、联排别墅	6.67	73.33	0	0	10.00	10.00	15850	2004年4月
鹿鸣苑	普通住宅、别墅、塔楼、独栋别墅、联排别墅	0	93.55	0	0	6.45	0	16136	2000年3月
梅园小区	普通住宅、塔楼	3.70	77.78	11.11	0	3.70	3.71	11721	1999年12月
上海沙龙	普通住宅、板楼	3.34	90.00	3.33	0	3.33	0	17130	2003年9月
狮城百丽	普通住宅、别墅、花园洋房、板楼、双拼别墅、联排别墅、叠拼别墅	0	100.00	0	0	0	0	16545	2002年12月
听涛雅苑	别墅、独栋别墅	0	70.97	0	3.23	19.35	6.45	15147	2000年1月
新康家园	普通住宅、板楼	3.44	82.76	0	0	6.90	6.90	13875	2008年10月
一栋洋房	别墅、联排别墅	0	95.45	0	0	4.55	0	19750	2001年12月
郁金香社区	公寓、板楼、小高层	0	93.55	0	0	6.45	0	18136	2004年6月
总计		2.94	79.41	1.47	0.49	12.50	3.19	15550

住房分化分类	小区名称
高档商品房小区	郁金香、一栋洋房
中等商品房小区	金地格林、鹿鸣苑、上海沙龙、狮城百丽
低档商品房小区	新康家园
中等商品—租赁房小区	博客雅居、大雄城市花园、东晶国际、卡尔生活馆、听涛雅苑
商品—经适房小区	梅园小区
单位遗留小区	管委会宿舍

项目		隔离指数
年龄	60岁以上老年人	0.17
年龄	未成年人	0.08
户口	北京	0.19
户口	外地	0.19
职业	国家社会、企业管理者、私营企业主	0.24
	专业技术人员	0.17
	办事人员、个体工商户	0.21
	产业工人、服务业、农业劳动者	0.37
	失业、无业、半失业者	0.63
月收入	1000元以下	0.28
	1000~2000元	0.26
	2000~4000元	0.14
	4000~10000元	0.17
	10000元以上	0.37
受教育程度	低教育水平	0.44
	中等教育水平	0.17
	高等教育水平	0.20

变量	平均值	标准差	变异系数
上下班方便	3.46	1.30	0.37
中小学	2.38	1.26	0.53
水电煤气	4.03	1.00	0.25
安全放心	3.76	0.95	0.25
超市购物	3.10	1.14	0.37
娱乐健身	2.72	1.12	0.41
幼儿园	2.84	1.29	0.45
餐饮饭店	2.82	1.07	0.38
医疗保健	2.61	1.11	0.42
生活丰富	2.67	1.13	0.42
住区环境	3.73	0.95	0.25
物业管理	3.21	1.29	0.40
邻里关系	3.38	1.18	0.35
社区服务	3.16	1.16	0.37

选择迁入亦庄的原因	样本数/个	百分比/%
靠近上班地	114	28.36
人口密度低,居住环境好	210	52.24
房价较低,能够购买自有住房	25	6.22
换更佳的面积户型	5	1.24
配套完善	4	1.00
治安良好	3	0.75
旧房拆迁	5	1.24
投资升值	1	0.25
在亦庄家人、朋友的影响	29	7.21
其他	6	1.49
总计	402	100.00

Characteristics of residential space of development zone and formation mechanism: An investigation of Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area

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计划搬出亦庄的原因	样本数/个	百分比/%
上班通勤不方便	23	21.10
子女上学不方便	54	49.54
生活服务设施不完善	8	7.34
与亲人、朋友来往不方便	8	7.34
生活环境和秩序差	7	6.42
其他	9	8.26
总计	109	100.00

变量	2000元以下	2000~4000元	4000~10000元	10000元以上	未婚	已婚无子女	已婚有子女	家有未成年人	家有老年人
上下班方便	4.17	4.04	4.03	4.30	4.41	3.89	4.08	4.21	4.07
中小学	4.11	4.02	4.26	4.28	3.81	3.81	4.28	4.41	4.21
水电煤气	4.34	4.16	4.10	4.02	4.33	4.02	4.15	4.07	4.18
安全放心	4.47	4.49	4.56	4.72	4.73	4.27	4.58	4.57	4.59
超市购物	4.29	4.08	4.16	4.29	4.43	4.02	4.18	4.20	4.22
娱乐健身	3.75	3.49	3.59	3.68	3.77	3.47	3.63	3.63	3.62
幼儿园	4.03	3.80	3.98	3.67	3.73	3.72	3.94	4.01	3.91
餐饮饭店	3.68	3.60	3.68	3.81	3.78	3.66	3.69	3.63	3.70
医疗保健	4.23	4.19	4.30	4.43	4.32	4.21	4.30	4.29	4.38
住区环境	4.43	4.43	4.42	4.69	4.46	4.46	4.48	4.44	4.55
物业管理	4.42	4.32	4.48	4.71	4.48	4.33	4.48	4.48	4.48
邻里关系	3.81	3.65	3.41	3.67	3.37	3.26	3.73	3.66	3.80
社区服务	4.22	4.21	4.09	4.34	4.12	4.07	4.24	4.19	4.17

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