库布齐沙漠南缘抛物线形沙丘表面风沙流结构变异

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2016.01.011

Abstract

Abstract:

The airflow and sediment transport rate on the parabolic dune and the aeolian sediment flux profiles were examined in details in the southern Hobq desert in late April 2010 when the wind was strong and sediment movement was intense. The analyses show that 71%~91% sediments moved in the space between 0 and 0.10 m above surface. This confirms the results of previous research that blown sand activity occurs near bed. Due to the difference of wind velocity, underlying surface conditions, and slope profiles, sediment transport rate and relative sediment transport rate vary, so do the aeolian sediment flux profiles. At the measurement spots where wind velocity and sediment transport rate are small, such as the toe and the lower part of the windward slope, the aeolian sediment flux profiles vary considerably. Underlying surface condition is a vital factor influencing aeolian sediment flux profile. At the windward toe that suffers deflation, the gravelly surface is hard. This contributes to sediments’ saltaltion, so sediment transport rate is relatively high at the upper layer of the aeolian sediment flux profile. Along the windward slope, sediments move upward and have a lower saltation height. Therefore sediment transport is relatively high near surface. In contrast, sediments move downward at brink-line on the leeward slope with higher height and the trajectories deform, so the saltation height is higher. Affected by the difference of windward slope profile shape, the aeolian sediment flux profiles at the crest vary markedly among the measurement spots. In spite of the variation of the aeolian sediment flux profiles, they can still be well described by the exponential decay law at the windward slope and crest. In the equation Q=aexp(-z/b), the coefficient a has an apparent power function correlation with sediment transport rate and increases simultaneously with wind velocity, but there is no clear correlation between them. The coefficient b has no significant correlation with these two factors. At the brink-line, the profiles were segmented at the 0.10 m height: the profiles of near surface follow exponential decay while the upper layers obey power function.

Key words: parabolic dune, aeolian sediment flux profile, function fitting, Hobq Desert

Binbin TAO, Dan LIU, Chao GUAN, Eerdun HASI. Variation of aeolian sediment flux profiles on a parabolic dune at the southern fringe of the Hobq Desert[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2016, 35(1): 98-107.

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References 42

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高度 /m	前端活动区相对输沙率/%						脊线相对输沙率/%
高度 /m	H^*		I	J	K	L	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
0.01	29.94	44.88	43.18	41.07	49.80		40.77	29.85	54.42	53.17	22.12	56.91	33.83
0.03	18.29	22.89	27.71	27.28	21.79		21.07	22.29	24.57	19.75	19.59	19.40	18.41
0.05	13.16	12.10	12.26	13.08	10.67		13.77	15.18	10.77	11.38	16.54	9.01	10.95
0.07	9.30	6.98	6.07	6.95	5.83		8.94	10.21	4.90	5.81	12.95	4.97	7.77
0.09	7.41	4.14	3.60	3.93	3.42		5.71	7.15	2.50	3.37	9.65	3.19	6.15
0.11	6.66	2.72	2.36	2.60	2.35		3.51	5.29	1.25	2.23	6.70	2.26	5.20
0.13	4.77	2.10	1.60	1.78	1.82		2.48	3.66	0.67	1.53	4.63	1.50	5.25
0.15	3.85	1.57	1.25	1.34	1.60		1.67	2.75	0.42	1.16	3.44	1.10	4.35
0.17	3.39	1.34	1.03	1.05	1.41		1.18	2.03	0.28	0.88	2.48	0.94	4.04
0.19	3.22	1.28	0.94	0.91	1.33		0.91	1.58	0.23	0.71	1.91	0.72	4.04
总输沙率/(g·m^-1·s^-1)	2.85	7.04	13.50	16.94	9.72		0.97	1.75	5.53	2.40	8.66	4.33	0.64

高度/m	北翼相对输沙率平均值/%						南翼相对输沙率平均值/%
高度/m	P		Q	R	S	T	p	q	r	s	t
0.01	0.293	0.326	0.445	0.610	0.352		0.224	0.386	0.335	0.397	0.452
0.03	0.233	0.226	0.265	0.193	0.216		0.162	0.226	0.218	0.297	0.185
0.05	0.128	0.152	0.130	0.083	0.135		0.126	0.130	0.147	0.123	0.095
0.07	0.084	0.095	0.065	0.040	0.086		0.100	0.085	0.099	0.064	0.068
0.09	0.065	0.060	0.035	0.024	0.064		0.100	0.058	0.067	0.039	0.048
0.11	0.048	0.046	0.021	0.016	0.044		0.062	0.039	0.045	0.027	0.040
0.13	0.043	0.032	0.013	0.011	0.034		0.052	0.029	0.034	0.018	0.032
0.15	0.039	0.025	0.010	0.009	0.027		0.057	0.021	0.023	0.014	0.030
0.17	0.034	0.021	0.008	0.007	0.024		0.063	0.015	0.018	0.012	0.026
0.19	0.033	0.018	0.007	0.007	0.019		0.055	0.012	0.013	0.009	0.025
总输沙率/(g·m^-1·s^-1)	0.91	9.88	13.45	7.57	2.44		0.32	5.71	26.14	21.30	3.76

沙丘部位	观测点位	V/(m^-1·s^-1)	Q_m/(g·m^-1·s^-1)	a	b	Q_C₁	Q_C₁-Q_m	R²
北断面	H	6.22	5.51	1.918	0.056	5.214	-0.301	0.95
	I	6.57	7.35	5.295	0.027	6.934	-0.419	1.00
	J	7.03	9.48	5.114	0.038	9.537	0.058	0.98
	K	7.86	21.92	12.035	0.037	21.967	0.043	0.99
	L	7.31	10.97	7.531	0.028	10.145	-0.828	0.99
中轴断面	H	6.63	2.80	0.828	0.071	2.757	-0.047	0.99
	I	6.96	9.87	6.301	0.030	9.362	-0.507	1.00
	J	7.23	11.98	7.637	0.032	11.977	-0.001	0.99
	K	7.45	15.01	9.740	0.030	14.548	-0.462	1.00
	L	7.14	9.48	6.513	0.028	8.996	-0.485	1.00
南断面	H	6.35	0.25	0.079	0.062	0.235	-0.011	0.95
	I	7.32	3.90	1.882	0.041	3.759	-0.144	0.99
	J	8.00	19.05	9.379	0.040	18.370	-0.676	1.00
	K	8.41	13.89	5.921	0.048	14.007	0.112	0.96
	L	7.17	8.70	4.724	0.036	8.269	-0.435	0.99
北翼	P	5.54	0.91	0.333	0.055	0.883	-0.024	0.97
	Q	5.94	9.88	3.989	0.050	9.739	-0.137	1.00
	R	6.37	13.45	8.402	0.032	13.335	-0.116	1.00
	S	5.82	7.57	7.409	0.020	7.030	-0.545	1.00
	T	5.59	2.44	1.012	0.048	2.363	-0.077	0.99
南翼	p	5.64	0.32	0.072	0.104	0.318	-0.001	0.99
	q	7.66	5.71	2.711	0.041	5.482	-0.224	0.99
	r	8.93	26.14	10.396	0.052	26.081	-0.063	1.00
	s	7.05	21.30	12.075	0.035	20.986	-0.312	0.99
	t	3.48	3.76	2.219	0.030	3.244	-0.520	0.96
脊线	A	4.70	0.97	0.473	0.041	0.950	-0.021	1.00
	B	4.92	1.75	0.619	0.059	1.749	0.003	1.00
	C	6.15	5.53	4.428	0.025	5.493	-0.039	1.00
	D	5.86	2.40	1.910	0.024	2.229	-0.173	0.99
	E	5.98	8.66	2.290	0.085	8.806	0.147	0.97
	F	6.04	4.33	3.937	0.021	3.962	-0.371	0.99
	G	5.06	0.64	0.253	0.047	0.583	-0.061	0.93

观测断面		连续函数		分段函数
观测断面	Q_m	0~0.20 m 指数	Q_c₁	0~0.10 m 指数	0.10~0.20 m 幂函数	Q_c₂
N	10.797	0.992	10.145	0.998	0.969	10.886
M	9.367	0.996	8.996	0.999	0.952	9.426
S	8.563	0.991	8.269	0.993	0.973	8.656

观测点位	V/(m·s^-1)	Q/(g·m^-1·s^-1)	a	b
H	6.40	2.85	0.942	0.063
I	6.95	7.04	4.493	0.033
J	7.42	13.50	7.377	0.037
K	7.91	16.94	9.232	0.039
L	7.21	9.72	6.256	0.030

Variation of aeolian sediment flux profiles on a parabolic dune at the southern fringe of the Hobq Desert

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