多维社会信任与区域创业活跃度——基于中国家庭跟踪调查(CFPS)数据

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2023.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

As the core element of informal institutional environment, social trust has a complex and important impact on regional entrepreneurial activities. Due to the different social distance and communication objects, there are obvious differences in the form and mechanism of social trust, but the existing research rarely pays attention to the impact of the sub-dimensions of social trust on regional entrepreneurship. This study constructed a social trust framework from the three dimensions of universal trust, kinship trust, and institutional trust, and conducted an empirical analysis by using the panel data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2012-2018 and the micro data of enterprise industrial and commercial registration information. The research found that: 1) At the national scale, kinship trust significantly improved the activity of regional entrepreneurship, while universal trust and institutional trust had little impact on the entrepreneurial system. 2) The results of interaction effects show that there was a substitution effect between universal trust, kinship trust, and economic development; there was a complementary relationship between the effects of universal trust and government intervention on regional entrepreneurial activities; and institutional trust and government intervention showed a mutually reinforcing effect, which jointly promoted regional entrepreneurial activities. 3) Regional heterogeneity tests show that entrepreneurial activities in the eastern regions was less dependent on social trust; entrepreneurial activities in the central and western regions was positively influenced by universal trust and kinship trust; entrepreneurial activities in cities with good business-government relations was promoted by institutional trust, where the entrepreneurial policy dividend was effectively released; and in cities with average business-government relations, universal trust could significantly promote entrepreneurship and stimulate entrepreneurial vitality. This study focused on the impact of different dimensions of social trust on regional entrepreneurial activities, which enriches and expands the research on informal institutional environment and entrepreneurship, and has important implications for local enterprises to formulate entrepreneurial policies and optimize the entrepreneurial environment.

Key words: universal trust, kinship trust, institutional trust, regional entrepreneurship

WENG Hongmei, WANG Chen. Multidimensional social trust and regional entrepreneurial activities: Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS)[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2023, 42(4): 742-753.

Figures/Tables 3

Tab.1

Tab.2

Panel regression results of factors affecting entrepreneurial activities

变量	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5
普遍信任	0.005	0.093	0.101	0.031^*	-0.053
亲缘信任	0.526^***	0.304^***	0.274^***	1.779^**	0.335^***
制度信任	-0.078	-0.016	-0.041	-0.167	-0.061^*
经济发展		0.485^***	0.626^***	2.493^**	1.316^***
政府干预		-0.878^***	-0.907^***	-0.931^***	2.251
金融发展		0.002^***	0.003^***	0.002^***	0.530^**
人口密度		-0.200^***	0.249^***	-0.203^**	-6.039^**
创新水平		0.008^**	0.011^***	0.015^**	0.013^**
产业结构		0.017^**	0.023^**	0.015^**	0.016^***
普遍信任 $×$ 经济发展				-0.125^***
亲缘信任 $×$ 经济发展				-0.245^***
制度信任 $×$ 经济发展				0.108
普遍信任 $×$ 政府干预					-0.316^***
亲缘信任 $×$ 政府干预					-0.407
制度信任 $×$ 政府干预					0.416^**
常数项	-0.432^*	-4.196^***	-1.908^**	-25.230^**	-5.156^***
地区固定效应	是	是	是	是	是
时间固定效应	是	是	是	是	是
样本量	460	460	460	460	460
R²	0.318	0.513	0.647	0.522	0.510

Tab.2

Tab.3

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层次	变量	衡量方法	样本量
被解释变量	创业活跃度	每万人新增的私营企业及个体工商注册登记户数(户)	460
解释变量	普遍信任	根据CFPS数据库中“对陌生人的信任程度”这一问题，取地级市层面平均值	460
	亲缘信任	根据CFPS数据库中“对父母的信任程度”这一问题，取地级市层面平均值	460
	制度信任	根据CFPS数据库中“对政府官员的信任程度”这一问题，取地级市层面平均值	460
控制变量	经济发展	人均生产总值(万元)	460
	政府干预	地区财政支出占GDP比重(%)	460
	金融发展	金融机构年末贷款总额占GDP比重(%)	460
	人口密度	每平方公里常住人口数(人/km²)	460
	创新水平	地区发明专利授权量(个)	460
	产业结构	第三产业占GDP比重(%)	460
区域划分	东部地区	位于东部地区的地级市数量(个)	160
	中西部地区	位于中西部地区的地级市数量(个)	300
	政商关系良好城市	大于中国城市政商关系排名样本组中值的地级市数量(个)	228
	政商关系普通城市	小于等于中国城市政商关系排名样本组中值的地级市数量(个)	232

Multidimensional social trust and regional entrepreneurial activities: Based on data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS)

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变量	东部	中西部	政商关系良好城市	政商关系普通城市
普遍信任	0.130	0.095^**	0.017	0.145^**
亲缘信任	0.033^*	0.253^***	0.257^***	0.093^***
制度信任	0.080	-0.061	0.033^**	0.010
控制变量	是	是	是	是
地区固定效应	是	是	是	是
时间固定效应	是	是	是	是
样本量	160	300	228	232
组数	40	75	57	58
R²	0.529	0.369	0.430	0.471