流出地空间资本与流动人口的住房选择分化

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.006

Abstract

Abstract:

The floating population's housing choices in the destination cities is directly related to their citizenization level and the high quality development in the new phase of urbanization. While a large body of literature has been generated concerning floating population's housing choices and its determinants, little has been done regarding that the role of floating population's spatial capital of the original places. Therefore, based on the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey conducted by the National Health and Family Planning Commission and China's city statistical yearbook 2017, this study analyzed the ways in which spatial capital in the original places of floating population shaped their housing choices in the destination cities. The results show that the housing choice of the floating population in the destination cities is mainly rent housing, supplemented by property right housing and free housing. Findings from our analysis indicated that the floating population's spatial capital in the places of origin had significant effect on their housing choice of in the destination cities. Specifically, there is not a simple linear correlation between the city size of the original places and housing choices in the destination cities; the location and the level of humanistic development in the places of origin have significant effects on housing property rights in the destination cities. However, being from town and county places of origin, floating population tends to obtain housing through the market. The robustness test is carried out by deleting a small number of samples from each prefecture level city, which shows that the above conclusions are robust and reliable. Our findings also indicated that the floating population's spatial capital in the places of origin exerted different impacts on different heterogeneity groups in terms of their generation, education level and income. More precisely, compared with the new generation, high education level and high-income floating population groups, the heterogeneity analysis results show that the influence of spatial capital in the places of origin on the housing choices of the floating population in the destination cities is significantly different between different generations, education level and income level. Based on a new way of conceptualizing and measuring spatial capital in the place of origin, we especially focused on the role of spatial capital in the places of origin of floating population, which expanded the perspective of research on housing choice differentiation of floating population. In the meantime, the results also have important policy implications for further optimizing the housing policy for floating population and promoting the citizenization of floating population.

Key words: the places of origin, spatial capital, housing choices, floating population, citizenization

DONG Yajing, LIN Liyue, ZHU Yu, KE Wenqian, XIAO Baoyu. The floating population’s spatial capital in the places of origin and their housing choices in the destination cities[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2022, 41(10): 1846-1858.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1

Tab.1

Fig.2

Tab.2

Tab.3

Factors influencing the housing choices of the migrants

因变量		模型1		模型2
		是否为产权房		是否为租住房
		系数(边际效应)	优势比	系数(边际效应)	优势比
核心自变量	流出地城市规模(中小城市)
	大城市	0.162^***(0.018)	1.176	-0.035(0.024)	0.966
	特/超大城市	-0.487^***(0.037)	0.615	0.166^***(0.046)	1.180
	流出地聚落等级(农村)
	乡镇和县城	0.121^***(0.019)	1.129	-0.060^**(0.025)	0.942
	地级市	0.395^***(0.037)	1.484	-0.076(0.057)	0.927
	省会和直辖市	0.469^***(0.060)	1.598	-0.066(0.094)	0.936
	流出地人文发展指数	3.327^***(0.129)	27.846	0.929^***(0.174)	2.532
控制变量
个体特征	性别(女)	-0.124^***(0.015)	0.884	-0.025(0.019)	0.976
	年龄	0.020^***(0.001)	1.020	-0.004^***(0.001)	0.996
	婚姻状况(单身)	0.804^***(0.027)	2.235	0.572^***(0.029)	1.771
	受教育年限	0.143^***(0.003)	1.153	0.016^***(0.004)	1.016
社会经济特征	同住家庭成员人数	0.186^***(0.007)	1.204	0.096^***(0.010)	1.101
	职业类型(白领人员)
	商业服务业人员	-0.378^***(0.023)	0.685	0.706^***(0.031)	2.026
	生产运输设备操作人员	-0.612^***(0.029)	0.543	-0.262^***(0.033)	0.770
	其他就业人员	0.071^**(0.033)	1.073	-0.010 (0.041)	0.990
	家庭月均收入对数	0.543^***(0.015)	1.722	0.219^***(0.015)	1.245
制度特征	住房限购政策(否)	-0.027(0.021)	0.973	-0.241^***(0.026)	0.786
市场特征	流出地房价	-0.668^***(0.017)	0.512	0.204^***(0.017)	1.226
	流出地城市人均GDP	-0.031^***(0.003)	0.970	0.002(0.004)	1.002
	流入地房价	-0.132^***(0.034)	0.876	-0.086^*(0.048)	0.917
	流入地城市人均GDP	0.009^**(0.004)	0.876	-0.026^***(0.005)	0.975
城市特征	流入地城市规模(中小城市)
	大城市	-0.019(0.019)	0.981	0.418^***(0.025)	1.519
	特/超大城市	0.528^***(0.030)	1.695	0.025(0.036)	1.025
-2倍对数似然值		-58237.477		-39419.195
伪R²		0.123		0.056
样本量		118215		88737

Tab.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

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变量名称	变量解释	均值	标准差
因变量：住房选择(Y)
Y₁为是否为产权房	产权房=1;非产权房=0	0.249	0.001
Y₂为在非产权房中,是否为租住房	是,即租住房=1;否,即免费房=0	0.821	0.001
核心自变量
流出地城市规模(X₁)	中小城市=1;大城市=2;特/超大城市=3	1.388	0.002
流出地聚落等级(X₂)	农村=1;乡镇和县城=2;地级市=3;省会和直辖市=4	1.282	0.002
流出地人文发展指数(X₃)	连续变量	0.204	0.001
控制变量
个体特征
性别(X₄)	女=0;男=1	0.572	0.001
年龄(X₅)	连续变量(岁)	35.247	0.028
婚姻状况(X₆)	单身=0;已婚=1	0.805	0.001
受教育年限(X₇)	数值型变量(a)	10.226	0.009
家庭特征
同住家庭人数(X₈)	连续变量	3.103	0.003
职业类型(X₉)	白领人员=1;商业服务业人员=2;生产运输设备操作人员=3;其他人员=4	2.220	0.002
家庭月均收入对数(X₁₀)	连续变量	8.719	0.001
制度特征
住房限购政策(X₁₁)	无=0;有=1	0.471	0.001
市场特征
流出地房价(X₁₂)	连续变量(万元/m²)	0.546	0.001
流出地人均GDP(X₁₃)	连续变量(万元)	5.344	0.001
流入地房价(X₁₄)	连续变量(万元/m²)	1.118	0.003
流入地人均GDP(X₁₅)	连续变量(万元)	9.258	0.012
城市特征
流入地城市规模(X₁₆)	中小城市=1;大城市=2;特/超大城市=3	1.935	0.012

住房选择	产权房	租住房	免费房
整体	24.93	61.60	13.47
流出地城市规模
中小城市	23.13	63.17	13.70
大城市	28.86	58.19	12.95
特/超大城市	27.31	59.51	13.18
流出地聚落等级
农村	22.66	63.60	13.74
乡镇和县城	30.16	56.87	12.97
地级市	41.01	48.02	10.97
省会和直辖市	48.29	41.32	10.39
流出地人文发展指数^*
高	30.17	57.25	12.58
低	20.39	65.37	14.24

		模型3		模型4
因变量		是否为产权房		是否为租住房
		系数(边际效应)	优势比	系数(边际效应)	优势比
核心自变量	流出地城市规模(中小城市)
	大城市	0.168^***(0.019)	1.183	-0.017(0.025)	0.983
	特/超大城市	-0.473^***(0.038)	0.623	0.222^***(0.047)	1.249
	流出地聚落等级(农村)
	乡镇和县城	0.126^***(0.020)	1.134	-0.069^***(0.026)	0.933
	地级市	0.416^***(0.039)	1.516	-0.051(0.060)	0.950
	省会和直辖市	0.491^***(0.061)	1.634	-0.094(0.098)	0.911
	流出地人文发展指数	3.026^***(0.134)	20.607	0.786^***(0.183)	2.195
控制变量		已控制		已控制
-2倍对数似然值		-54917.202		-36219.200
伪R²		0.124		0.059
样本量		112865		82240

因变量	是否为产权房		是否为租住房		是否为产权房		是否为租住房		是否为产权房		是否为租住房
因变量	模型5A	模型5B	模型5C	模型5D	模型6A	模型6B	模型6C	模型6D	模型7A	模型7B	模型7C	模型7D
群体	老生代	新生代	老生代	新生代	低教育水平	高教育水平	低教育水平	高教育水平	低收入水平	高收入水平	低收入水平	高收入水平
核心自变量
流出地城市规模(中小城市)
大城市	0.122^***	0.195^***	-0.065^*	-0.024	0.184^***	0.079^**	-0.023	-0.076	0.104^***	0.220^***	-0.115^***	0.041
特/超大城市	-0.542^***	-0.438^***	0.135^**	0.202^***	-0.570^***	-0.221^***	0.147^***	0.206^*	-0.662^***	-0.314^***	0.021	0.363^***
流出地聚落等级(农村)
乡镇和县城	0.117^***	0.140^***	-0.127^***	-0.019	0.159^***	0.184^***	-0.089^***	0.054	0.116^***	0.143^***	0.018	-0.132^***
地级市	0.409^***	0.429^***	-0.304^***	0.079	0.473^***	0.378^***	-0.069	-0.113	0.437^***	0.368^***	-0.001	-0.129^*
省会和直辖市	0.590^***	0.446^***	-0.131	-0.009	0.700^***	0.338^***	0.212	-0.274^**	0.579^***	0.331^***	0.314^**	-0.317^***
流出地人文发展指数	2.835^***	3.808^***	0.953^***	0.818^***	3.299^***	3.117^***	0.958^***	0.769^*	3.059^***	3.328^***	0.937^***	0.572^**
控制变量	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制	已控制
-2倍对数似然值	-25466.326	-32636.215	-15444.505	-23818.430	-45571.439	-12455.997	-33428.214	-5862.964	-28767.071	-29037.306	-20487.210	-18527.446
伪R²	0.076	0.158	0.043	0.070	0.089	0.157	0.056	0.073	0.119	0.115	0.058	0.061
样本量	47788	70427	35186	53551	96341	21874	75745	12992	65166	53049	42225	46512

The floating population’s spatial capital in the places of origin and their housing choices in the destination cities

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