山区乡村地域系统韧性测度及影响因素研究——以大别山区罗田县为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2022.10.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Resilience theory is one of the core topics of sustainability science. Integrating rural regional system and resilience theory at the micro-scale is a response and reflection to the rural revitalization strategy. By constructing a rural regional system risk-resilience (R-PAT) model in mountainous areas, this study examined the system resilience of 68 sample villages in Luotian County of the Dabie Mountains using entropy method, and analyzed its spatial patterns. After identifying the R-PAT type, the influencing factors of the spatial differentiation of the rural regional system resilience in mountainous areas were examined through geographical detector. The results show that: 1) There are significant differences in the resistance, adaptability, transformability, and comprehensive resilience index of villages in Luotian County. The comprehensive resilience index of the sample villages is not high in general and has great potential for improvement. 2) According to the changes of resilience index and risk index, the rural regional systems in mountainous areas are divided into four types: high risk-low resilience, high risk-high resilience, low risk-high resilience and low risk-low resilience. The high risk-low resilience type and low risk-low resilience type are dominant in Luotian County. 3) The resilience of rural regional system in Luotian County is affected by multiple factors. Rural endogenous power is the key factor for the spatial differentiation of resilience level of the area, rural natural and social backgrounds are the basic factors, and rural development potential is the driving force for the continuous improvement of the system potential and the gradual strengthening of the resilience capacity. This study focused on applying the resilience theory to the micro spatial units of mountainous rural areas to provide theoretical guidance and case support for the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements in these areas and their revitalization.

Key words: mountainous areas, rural regional system, risk, resilience, Luotian County in the Dabie Mountains

ZI Minggui, ZHOU Yi, LUO Jing, ZHANG Chunyan, GAO Zixiang. Measurement and influencing factors of rural regional system resilience in mountainous areas: A case study of Luotian County in the Dabie Mountains[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2022, 41(10): 1819-1832.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1

Tab.1

Evaluation indicators of regional system resilience in mountainous rural areas

维度	指标	指标阐释	编号	权重
抵御能力	人均收入(元)	反映乡村居民收入水平(+)	X₁	0.0322
	常住劳动人口占比(%)	反映乡村劳动力水平(+)	X₂	0.0284
	农业机械化水平(五点量表)	反映乡村第一产业的机械化程度(+)	X₃	0.0294
	距县城核心区距离(h)	反映乡村到县城的远近(-)	X₄	0.0187
	距最邻近乡镇距离(h)	反映乡村到最邻近乡镇的远近(-)	X₅	0.0134
	人均农业资源面积(km²)	反映村民从事基础农业生产的资源(耕地、林地与养殖水面)条件(+)	X₆	0.0263
	医疗保险覆盖率(%)	反映村民医疗保障水平(+)	X₇	0.0289
适应能力	地区生产总值(元)	反映乡村地区经济发展水平(+)	X₈	0.0460
	村委财政投入(元)	反映政府应对风险的金融资本(+)	X₉	0.1444
	社会网络(五点量表)	反映乡村干部与村民间的融洽程度(+)	X₁₀	0.0194
	社会参与(五点量表)	反映乡村居民在公共事务层面的政治赋权(+)	X₁₁	0.0329
	生计多样性(五点量表)	反映村民生计方式多样化(务农、从事旅游业、打工等)程度(+)	X₁₂	0.1359
	合作社数量(个)	反映乡村农产品规模化经营的能力(+)	X₁₃	0.0574
	养老保险参保率(%)	反映抵御老年基本生活风险的能力(+)	X₁₄	0.0340
转型能力	二三产业产值占比(%)	反映乡村产业结构优化程度(+)	X₁₅	0.0437
	文化设施数量(个)	反映乡村教育、科普、宣传等文化基础设施配置情况(+)	X₁₆	0.0287
	技能培训次数(次)	反映村民接受生产、经营和管理等技能培训的机会(+)	X₁₇	0.0270
	政策扶持力度(五点量表)	反映上级政府对乡村发展的政策帮扶程度(+)	X₁₈	0.0209
	互联网(宽带)普及率(%)	反映乡村信息化水平(+)	X₁₉	0.0101
	旅游资源丰度(个)	反映具有旅游开发潜力的景点数量(+)	X₂₀	0.0908
	乡村精英数量(个)	反映乡村在政治、经济、教育、文化等的前瞻性(+)	X₂₁	0.1316

Tab.1

Tab.2

Fig.2

Fig.3

Tab.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Tab.4

Fig.6

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维度	指标	指标阐释	编号	权重
社会系统风险	老龄化水平(%)	反映村庄老龄化导致的劳动力负担程度(+)	Y₁	0.1005
	“三类人员”户数(户)	反映乡村面临的相对贫困风险程度(+)	Y₂	0.0947
	人口净流出率(%)	反映乡村人口流失产生的社会压力程度(+)	Y₃	0.0986
自然环境风险	平均坡度(°)	坡面物质随坡度增加而越不稳定,且易发生自然灾害(+)	Y₄	0.1418
	平均海拔(m)	反映地区平均高程(+)	Y₅	0.2219
	自然灾害损失(万元/a)	反映乡村自然风险的暴露程度(+)	Y₆	0.1656
	环境污染(五点量表)	反映乡村水体、森林、土地等的污染程度(+)	Y₇	0.1769

指数分级	抵御能力指数	适应能力指数	转型能力指数	综合韧性指数
低水平	0.0520~0.0698	0.0478~0.0769	0.0378~0.0521	0.1714~0.2182
较低水平	0.0699~0.0866	0.0770~0.1059	0.0522~0.0707	0.2183~0.2708
中等水平	0.0867~0.0995	0.1060~0.1726	0.0708~0.0950	0.2709~0.3657
较高水平	0.0996~0.1136	0.1727~0.2581	0.0951~0.1443	0.3658~0.5579
高水平	0.1137~0.1463	0.2582~0.4071	0.1444~0.2813	0.5580~0.8346

自变量	变量分类及赋值
平均坡度(x₁)	依据数值运用自然断裂点分级法划分为5个等级
平均海拔(x₂)	依据数值运用自然断裂点分级法划分为5个等级
常住人口数量(x₃)	依据数值运用自然断裂点分级法划分为5个等级
区位优势度(x₄)	高山偏远村=1,乡镇腹地村=2,交通廊道村=3,城(镇)郊村=4
产业发展阶段(x₅)	初始期=1,发展期=2,成熟期=3
驻点干部帮扶类型(x₆)	以人居环境改善为主=1,以资金扶持为主=2,以产业发展为主=3
资源丰度(x₇)	依据数值运用自然断裂点分级法划分为5个等级
经济能人数量(x₈)	依据数值运用自然断裂点分级法划分为5个等级

Measurement and influencing factors of rural regional system resilience in mountainous areas: A case study of Luotian County in the Dabie Mountains

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