京津冀地区无人机航路气象因子高分辨率模拟分析

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.10.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The low-altitude air route environment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is complex and unstable. The safety of low-altitude flight is mostly affected by meteorological factors such as thunderstorms, wind shear, low visibility, and extreme temperature and humidity. It is difficult to accurately simulate and forecast the meteorological elements on the low-altitude air route of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Based on the mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and its advanced three-dimensional variational assimilation system (3D-Var), we took the "7·20" heavy rainfall of North China in 2016 as a study case. The temperature field, humidity field, and wind field of the UAV low-altitude air route in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were simulated, and the ground observation data and numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed. The aim was to provide a reference for the flight safety of UAVs in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The conclusion is as follows: WRF model can better simulate the daily variation trend of near-surface temperature, humidity, and wind speed in this area. The root mean square error (RMSE) and the bais between the simulated values and the observed values of the plain sites (Tianjin and Miyun) is lower, the wind speed simulations in mountainous areas is higher, and the simulation effect in plain areas is better than that in the northern and western mountainous areas. When heavy rainfall occurs, the temperature difference between the plain areas and the mountainous areas is about 15 ℃, the relative humidity is above 95%, and the boundary layer height is less than 500 m. The strong temperature difference, higher humidity, and lower boundary layer will affect UAV flying performance. At an altitude of 900 hPa along the 117°E longitude line, a wind speed of more than 10 m·s^-1 appeared in Langfang-Hengshui in Hebei Province, forming a strong northeast wind. The northern part of the region (39°N-40.5°N) has a clear updraft. The vertical wind speed at a height of 1000 m also exceeds 2 m·s^-1. The strong updraft is extremely unfavorable to the flight of the UAV, and will have a significant impact on the flight attitude and flying height of the UAV, causing potential safety hazards.

Key words: UAV, low-altitude air route, WRF model, data assimilation, meteorological factors, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

ZHAO Lei, XIE Feng, XU Chenchen, ZHONG Ruomei, WEN Xiaohang. High-resolution simulation analysis of meteorological factors of unmanned aerial vehicle air route in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(10): 1691-1703.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 34

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网格域	中心经纬度	格点数	水平格距/km	积分步长/s	地形分辨率/(″)
1	39.06°N,116.08°E	105×105	15	144	30
2	39.06°N,116.08°E	125×125	3	24	30

		温度/℃				露点温度/℃				风速/(m·s^-1)
		天津	密云	蔚县	张家口	天津	密云	蔚县	张家口	天津	密云	蔚县	张家口
未同化	RMSE	1.9	2.8	1.5	1.7	1.8	2.1	3.8	2.9	2.3	3.0	5.3	2.7
	Bias	-0.9	1.8	0.5	0.4	-1.2	-1.2	-3.5	-2.7	0.4	2.4	4.2	2.1
	R	0.74	0.85	0.52	0.82	0.67	0.10	-0.42	0.17	0.70	0.87	0.52	0.25
同化	RMSE	1.4	1.3	1.0	1.7	0.9	1.8	1.6	2.4	1.6	3.5	2.8	3.0
	Bias	0.1	-0.5	-0.3	-0.6	0.5	-1.2	-1.5	-2.4	0.5	3.1	1.8	2.4
	R	0.98	0.98	0.98	0.95	0.99	0.97	0.99	0.99	0.74	0.85	0.4	0.25

High-resolution simulation analysis of meteorological factors of unmanned aerial vehicle air route in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

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