黄土高原植被恢复对土壤物理参数的影响——基于已发表数据的荟萃分析

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.06.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Land surface processes play an important role in climate change. Soil hydrology process is an important part of the land surface processes. However, in the current land surface models, the parameters of soil hydrology attributes only consider soil texture, and the effect of vegetation types on soil hydrology attributes is not considered. This is inconsistent with the natural processes, and therefore the understanding on the hydrological and meteorological effects of large-scale vegetation restoration is insufficient. In order to reveal the effect of vegetation restoration on soil physical parameters and improve the accuracy of soil parameter estimations in land surface models, this study took the Loess Plateau as the research object, and collected and analyzed published test data of soil physical parameters under vegetation restoration. Information such as the latitude and longitude of the sampling site, soil texture, vegetation type, restoration period, slope, porosity, and so on were extracted for a meta-analysis. The results show that vegetation restoration can promote the accumulation of soil organic matter, significantly improve soil structure and increase soil fertility, thereby increasing soil clay content, reducing sand content, and significantly increasing soil porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and water holding capacity. With the increase of vegetation coverage, these effects are also enhanced. The highest level of improvement is reached at the forestland stage, and the role of broad-leaved forest is stronger than that of coniferous forest. With the increase of forest age, soil pore structure and infiltration performance are significantly improved, and soil water holding capacity is enhanced. This study clarified the impact of vegetation restoration on soil parameters on the Loess Plateau, laying a foundation for further research on the impact of large-scale vegetation restoration on surface water flux and its climate effects.

Key words: vegetation restoration, soil physical parameters, meta-analysis, Loess Plateau

ZHANG Zefan, ZHANG Xuezhen. Effects of vegetation restoration on soil physical parameters on the Loess Plateau:A meta-analysis based on published data[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(6): 1012-1025.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab.1

Data acquisition method

文献	研究地区	机械组成	孔隙度	饱和导水率
Wang等,2014^[25]	陕西安塞县		称重法
Gu等,2019^[26]	陕西延安市	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
Zhao等,2017^[27]	陕西安塞县	激光粒度仪法	计算法
Jiao等,2011^[28]	陕西延安市		计算法
Wu等,2016^[29]	陕西长武县	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
Guo等,2018^[30]	甘肃镇原县	激光粒度仪法	环刀法	恒定水头法
Stolte等,2003^[31]	陕西延安市			恒定水头法
Wang等,2017^[32]	陕西浑源县			变水头法
Kalhoro,2017^[33]	陕西长武县	激光粒度仪法	计算法
Wang等,2012^[34]	陕西神木县	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
Yu等,2015^[35]	甘肃泾川县	过筛法、沉降法		罩式渗透仪法
Ren等,2016^[36]	陕西安塞县	比重计法	环刀法	圆盘渗透仪法
Zhao等,2014^[37]	山东博兴县		计算法
Li等,2006^[38]	陕西富县	比重计法	计算法	恒定水头法
Zhang等,2016^[39]	甘肃合水县	过筛法	环刀法
Zhang等,2018^[40]	陕西神木县	Pipette法	环刀法	恒定水头法
白一茹等,2013^[41]	陕西神木县	激光粒度仪法	环刀法	恒定水头法
勃海峰等,2007^[42]	陕西安塞县		计算法	恒定水头法
陈瑶等,2005^[43]	陕西安塞县		计算法
顾朝军,2019^[44]	陕西延安市	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
李香兰等,1992^[45]	陕西安塞县、宁夏固原市	过筛法、沉降法	计算法
李永宁等,2019^[46]	陕西安塞县			恒定水头法
李裕元等,2010^[22]	陕西神木县	吸管法	计算法	恒定水头法
李志等,2008^[47]	陕西长武县	激光粒度仪法		恒定水头法
梁向锋等,2009^[48]	甘肃合水县	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
梁向锋,2008^[49]	甘肃合水县	激光粒度仪法	计算法	恒定水头法
刘春利等,2008^[50]	陕西神木县	激光粒度仪法		恒定水头法
刘宇等,2013^[51]	山西中阳县	比重计法	环刀法	恒定水头法
罗利芳等,2003^[52]	陕西安塞县			恒定水头法
马祥华等,2005^[53]	陕西延安市		计算法
纳磊等,2008^[54]	山西吉县		计算法	恒定水头法
宋丽萍等,2015^[55]	甘肃定西市		计算法	圆盘渗透仪法
谭学进等,2019^[56]	陕西延安市	激光粒度仪法	环刀法	恒定水头法
谭学进,2019^[57]	陕西安塞县、陕西神木县	激光粒度仪法	环刀法	恒定水头法
王国梁等,2003^[58]	陕西安塞县		计算法
伍玉容等,2009^[59]	陕西吴起县		环刀法
杨凤群等,2014^[60]	陕西榆林市	比重计法	计算法
杨光等,2006^[61]	青海大通县		称重法	玛立奥特瓶定水头供水渗透仪法
杨亚辉等,2016^[62]	陕西长武县		计算法	恒定水头法
易扬等,2013^[63]	甘肃天水市		环刀法	环刀法
于海云等,2009^[64]	陕西安塞县		环刀法
张社奇等,2004^[65]	陕西耀县		环刀法
赵世伟等,2010^[66]	甘肃合水县		CT扫描法
赵世伟等,2002^[67]	甘肃合水县		计算法

Tab.1

Fig.1

Tab.2

Fig.2

Tab.3

Soil porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, field capacity, and permanent wilting point under different soil textures and vegetation types

土壤类型	土壤参数	农田		草地		灌丛		林地		汇总
土壤类型	土壤参数	数据	样本量	数据	样本量	数据	样本量	数据	样本量	数据	样本量
粉砂质壤土	孔隙度(总)/(m³/m³)	0.516(0.452~0.538)	17	0.518(0.447~0.544)	84	0.549(0.506~0.555)	29	0.553(0.521~0.596)	27	0.534(0.461~0.552)	157
	孔隙度(计)/(m³/m³)	0.506(0.446~0.534)	9	0.520(0.447~0.539)	51	0.510(0.454~0.597)	17	0.590(0.470~0.618)	16	0.519(0.447~0.553)	93
	孔隙度(环)/(m³/m³)	0.531(0.482~0.538)	8	0.525(0.498~0.550)	29	0.550(0.547~0.552)	12	0.550(0.546~0.564)	11	0.534(0.461~0.552)	60
	饱和导水率(总)/(mm/min)	0.330(0.137~0.431)	22	0.320(0.208~0.833)	71	0.250(0.159~0.308)	22	0.363(0.204~1.541)	16	0.301(0.177~0.663)	131
	饱和导水率(恒)/(mm/min)	0.283(0.121~0.419)	20	0.310(0.192~0.778)	59	0.250(0.159~0.308)	22	0.500(0.219~1.521)	13	0.289(0.176~0.624)	114
	田间持水量(总)/(m³/m³)	0.253(0.215~0.277)	10	0.250(0.225~0.273)	61	0.278(0.233~0.290)	17	0.226(0.203~0.269)	8	0.253(0.224~0.276)	96
	田间持水量(计、恒)/(m³/m³)	0.254(0.196~0.277)	5	0.227(0.223~0.271)	33	0.260(0.229~0.279)	12	0.226(0.203~0.269)	8	0.232(0.220~0.273)	58
	凋萎系数(总)/(m³/m³)	0.091(0.079~0.095)	17	0.091(0.079~0.096)	84	0.096(0.089~0.098)	29	0.097(0.091~0.105)	27	0.094(0.081~0.097)	157
	凋萎系数(计)/(m³/m³)	0.089(0.078~0.094)	9	0.091(0.078~0.095)	51	0.090(0.080~0.105)	17	0.104(0.083~0.109)	16	0.091(0.079~0.097)	93
	凋萎系数(环)/(m³/m³)	0.093(0.085~0.095)	8	0.092(0.088~0.097)	29	0.097(0.096~0.097)	12	0.097(0.096~0.099)	11	0.094(0.081~0.097)	60
砂质壤土	孔隙度(总)/(m³/m³)	0.459(0.363~0.465)	8	0.440(0.360~0.470)	29	0.444(0.400~0.499)	20	0.512(0.447~0.543)	42	0.462(0.405~0.519)	99
	孔隙度(计)/(m³/m³)	0.457(0.291~0.459)	3	0.441(0.360~0.471)	20	0.444(0.404~0.499)	16	0.517(0.447~0.567)	30	0.457(0.424~0.535)	69
	孔隙度(环)/(m³/m³)	0.369(0.313~0.426)	2	0.404(0.341~0.461)	8	0.390(0.337~0.436)	3	0.506(0.443~0.517)	9	0.450(0.378~0.493)	22
	饱和导水率(总)/(mm/min)	0.785(0.257~0.955)	7	0.818(0.218~1.107)	26	0.625(0.266~1.360)	15	1.019(0.319~1.510)	34	0.818(0.264~1.360)	82
	饱和导水率(恒)/(mm/min)	0.785(0.270~0.840)	5	0.940(0.625~1.225)	19	0.670(0.212~1.360)	13	0.940(0.269~1.510)	24	0.818(0.270~1.360)	61
	田间持水量(总)/(m³/m³)	0.211(0.206~0.223)	6	0.221(0.206~0.226)	17	0.220(0.197~0.238)	10	0.251(0.227~0.265)	21	0.222(0.216~0.251)	54
	田间持水量(计、恒)/(m³/m³)	0.221(0.220~0.222)	2	0.225(0.221~0.246)	10	0.213(0.197~0.220)	6	0.238(0.220~0.257)	11	0.223(0.219~0.250)	29
	凋萎系数(总)/(m³/m³)	0.050(0.039~0.050)	8	0.048(0.039~0.051)	29	0.048(0.043~0.054)	20	0.055(0.048~0.059)	42	0.050(0.044~0.056)	99
	凋萎系数(计)/(m³/m³)	0.049(0.031~0.050)	3	0.048(0.039~0.051)	20	0.048(0.044~0.054)	16	0.056(0.048~0.061)	30	0.049(0.046~0.058)	69
	凋萎系数(环)/(m³/m³)	0.040(0.034~0.046)	2	0.044(0.037~0.050)	8	0.042(0.036~0.047)	3	0.055(0.048~0.056)	9	0.049(0.041~0.053)	22

Tab.3

Fig.3

Tab.4

Tab.5

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土壤类型	特征	农田	草地	灌丛	林地	汇总
粉砂质壤土(总)	样本量	17	66	17	18	118
	黏粒/%	17.60(15.72~25.57)	15.80(12.23~22.55)	26.16(25.84~26.20)	19.37(15.29~25.84)	16.40(14.50~25.85)
	粉粒/%	63.01(60.85~67.42)	62.67(57.90~65.20)	62.77(62.32~65.20)	71.92(64.23~76.27)	62.94(60.70~67.50)
	砂粒/%	12.78(10.44~21.32)	19.00(11.85~32.76)	11.12(10.98~11.49)	9.03(3.30~11.69)	12.78(10.98~26.20)
粉砂质壤土(激)	样本量	10	41	13	9	73
	黏粒/%	20.27(15.74~25.57)	15.80(15.33~25.87)	26.16(26.00~26.20)	15.10(13.62~25.84)	19.73(15.33~25.90)
	粉粒/%	62.19(61.66~61.66)	63.05(62.11~65.20)	62.73(62.32~62.77)	62.94(62.32~70.14)	62.77(62.11~65.20)
	砂粒/%	12.78(11.44~19.51)	19.00(11.75~19.00)	11.23(11.12~11.49)	11.69(11.23~17.52)	12.78(11.12~19.00)
砂质壤土(总)	样本量	6	17	11	10	44
	黏粒/%	7.78(5.93~10.19)	7.60(6.10~10.10)	7.41(5.94~8.90)	10.57(7.94~11.00)	7.88(6.20~11.00)
	粉粒/%	41.61(32.01~44.60)	34.10(25.80~42.20)	25.20(15.44~31.27)	28.84(15.51~57.28)	31.27(21.19~42.38)
	砂粒/%	51.21(50.15~57.80)	53.44(50.30~64.00)	69.20(61.38~76.79)	59.68(31.37~76.72)	60.65(50.30~73.42)
砂质壤土(激)	样本量	5	11	5	4	25
	黏粒/%	6.90(5.60~10.70)	6.20(5.22~8.85)	5.60(2.70~9.50)	11.00(10.78~11.00)	6.90(5.60~11.00)
	粉粒/%	44.00(29.60~44.80)	34.30(26.30~43.20)	28.90(25.20~31.60)	24.00(24.00~33.73)	36.30(26.80~41.80)
	砂粒/%	50.30(50.10~59.70)	61.60(49.95~63.70)	65.70(65.20~69.20)	65.00(55.50~65.00)	59.70(49.50~65.20)

Effects of vegetation restoration on soil physical parameters on the Loess Plateau:A meta-analysis based on published data

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土壤参数	草地		灌丛		林地		汇总
土壤参数	相关系数	样本量	相关系数	样本量	相关系数	样本量	相关系数	样本量
孔隙度	0.463(0.187~0.854)	14	0.449(0.289~0.469)	4	0.119(0.051~0.344)	4	0.449(0.140~0.779)	22
饱和导水率	0.458(0.245~0.805)	13	0.998(0.668~0.998)	3	0.980(0.824~0.985)	4	0.566(0.228~0.980)	20
田间持水量	0.472(0.183~0.717)	11	0.434(0.430~0.507)	3	0.986(0.986~0.986)	1	0.472(0.317~0.717)	15
凋萎系数	0.492(0.219~0.840)	14	0.446(0.288~0.500)	4	0.099(0.009~0.375)	4	0.427(0.136~0.779)	22

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[5]	Yuzhong SHI, Jun WANG, Ziqiao WANG, Daming LU, Xinjun YANG. Rural household vulnerability to drought and adaptation mechanism on the Loess Plateau [J]. PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2017, 36(10): 1281-1293.
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土壤类型	土壤参数	阔叶林		针叶林
土壤类型	土壤参数	数据	样本量	数据	样本量
砂质壤土	孔隙度(总)/(m³/m³)	0.512(0.445~0.551)	28	0.509(0.449~0.522)	13
	孔隙度(计)/(m³/m³)	0.454(0.438~0.562)	11	0.449(0.433~0.484)	7
	饱和导水率(总)/(mm/min)	1.410(0.540~1.510)	21	0.322(0.265~0.956)	12
	饱和导水率(恒)/(mm/min)	1.510(0.367~1.510)	15	0.294(0.252~0.442)	8
	田间持水量(总)/(m³/m³)	0.257(0.232~0.277)	11	0.250(0.221~0.256)	9
	田间持水量(计、恒)/(m³/m³)	0.248(0.230~0.275)	6	0.221(0.219~0.250)	5
	凋萎系数(总)/(m³/m³)	0.055(0.048~0.060)	28	0.055(0.049~0.056)	13
	凋萎系数(计)/(m³/m³)	0.049(0.047~0.061)	11	0.049(0.047~0.052)	7