城市公共服务设施与人口是否匹配?——基于社区生活圈的评估

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.04.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Public service facilities (PSF) are the basic guarantee for urban production and living. Whether the distribution of public service facilities is equitable is related to the healthy development of cities and the society. At present, due to the lack of urban micro-scale population distribution data, there are few studies that consider both the supply side (PSF) and the demand side (population). In view of this, using the Internet maps application programming interface (API), this study established the 5-minute, 10-minute, and 15-minute community life circle of Lanzhou City, and then used Worldpop grid data, population census data, and Baidu heat map data to simulate the population distribution at high spatial resolution and with high accuracy. We evaluated the matching relationships between population and public service facilities in Lanzhou City. The study found that: 1) The matching relationships between different types of PSF and population are very different. However, they show a common phenomenon that the matching degree close to district administrative centers is often better than that of urban fringe. 2) In Lanzhou City, the matching relationships between PSFs and population are highly polarized, that is, there are more highly matched and mismatched life circles, and the number of moderately matched and relatively poorly matched life circles is fewer. 3) Based on the coverage of moderately and highly matched life circles, the coverage of all levels of travel, medical (except community health service centers corresponding to 10-minute life circle), dining, and entertainment facilities is the widest. The allocation of elderly care facilities at all levels and grass-roots cultural facilities is seriously inadequate, and other facilities are between the two types. The study concludes that the problems that have been identified need to be addressed. It suggests that urban planning should focus on the allocation of various PSF in the urban fringe, and improve the coverage of all levels of elderly care facilities.

Key words: public service facilities, community life circle, matching relationship, adaptability, population, Lanzhou City

CHANG Fei, WANG Lucang, MA Yue, YAN Cuixia, LIU Haiyang. Do urban public service facilities match population demand? Assessment based on community life circle[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(4): 607-619.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 24

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大类	社区生活圈
大类	5 min(I级)	10 min (II级)	15 min (III级)
文化			文化活动中心
教育	幼儿园	小学	初级中学、完全中学
养老	老年人日间照料中心、居家养老服务中心	社区老年活动中心(室)	养老院
医疗	诊所、药店	社区卫生服务中心(站)
出行	公交车站、路侧停车位、停车场	公交车站、地铁站点
就餐		饭店餐馆、糕点甜品店
食材		大型生活超市,生鲜市场
消费	便利店、商店,美发店,洗衣店		专营商品店、美容美甲
便民网点		电讯、银行网点(包括ATM)	邮局、物流速递
娱乐			娱乐设施、休闲设施
养生			洗浴足疗推拿、医疗保健、健身房

大类	5 min (I级)	10 min (II级)	15 min (III级)	大类	5 min (I级)	10 min (II级)	15 min (III级)
文化			[0.01, 0.02]	食材		[0.08, 0.4]
教育	[0.083, 0.2]	[0.04, 0.067]	[0.03, 0.14]	消费	[1, 3]		[0.07, 0.42]
养老	[0.04, 0.2]	[0.04, 0.067]	[0.01, 0.02]	便民网点		[0.12, 0.6]	[0.15, 0.45]
医疗	[0.33, 0.8]	[0.01, 0.033]		娱乐			[0.06, 0.36]
出行	[0.25, 1.4]	[0.12, 0.46]		养生			[0.03, 0.18]
就餐		[2.92, 4.87]

Do urban public service facilities match population demand? Assessment based on community life circle

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