基于大数据的生活圈范围与服务设施空间匹配研究——以北京为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2021.04.001

Abstract

Abstract:

Residents' daily life circle is one of the key issues in relation to the national spatial planning in the "new era". Supply of public service facilities is the primary condition for plan-making of this type of circle. Spatial match between residents' daily life circle and public service facilities reveals the human-environment relationship at the community level. There exist many studies on spatial match between residents' daily life circle and public service facilities. However, the existing findings are mainly based on survey data, which have disadvantages such as insufficient samples, small geography coverage, and so on. This study investigated the spatial match between residents' daily life circle and public service facilities in large cities by taking Beijing as an example. Using mobile phone data and point-of-interest (POI) data collected in 2018, this study measured the spatial range of residents' daily life circle and accessibility of public service facilities, and analyzed the relationship between the spatial range of residents' daily life circle and accessibility of public service facilities by the bivariate spatial autocorrelation method. It also analyzed the geographical variations in the relationship. The results of analysis show that residents' daily life circle has a multi-centric structure at the city level. The length of radius of the circle increases from the central areas to the periphery. Accessibility of public service facilities is featured with a zonal structure but its level decreases with the distance away from the centers. The level of accessibility is negatively related with radius of the circle, which means that the higher level of accessibility, the smaller radius of the circle. There are geographical variations in the relationship. The relationship is "high-low" in the city center and new town centers, but dominated by "low-low" and "low-high" pattern in the fringe of the city center and new town centers. There are also variations in the relationship between different types of public service facilities. For the cultural and leisure facilities, the degree of spatial match between residents' daily life circle and public service facilities is obvious lower than other facilities. The conclusion of this research provides new evidence for residents' daily life circle study, and has policy implications for residents' daily life circle planning.

Key words: urban life circle, public service facilities, accessibility, spatial match, mobile phone big data, Beijing

ZHAO Pengjun, LUO Jia, HU Haoyu. Spatial match between residents’ daily life circle and public service facilities using big data analytics: A case of Beijing[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2021, 40(4): 541-553.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1

Tab.1

Tab.2

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Tab.3

Tab.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Tab.5

Fig.7

Tab.6

Zonal differences in spatial matching relationship"

分区	$I ar i$ 均值	$I ar i$ 标准差
中心城区(五环以内)	-0.17	0.19
近郊区(五环—六环)	-0.20	0.40
郊区新城	-0.05	0.18
其他地区	-0.41	0.51
远郊区(六环以外)	-0.26	0.67
郊区新城	-0.09	0.30
其他地区	-0.49	1.09

Tab.6

Fig.8

Fig.9

Tab.7

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设施类型	具体设施兴趣点
教育设施	幼儿园
	小学
	中学
医疗设施	社区卫生服务中心、综合医院、专科医院、药店等
购物设施	便利店、大型购物中心、超市、菜市场等
休闲设施	公园、休闲广场、电影院等
文化设施	社区文化中心、青少年文化中心、大型文化设施等
体育健身设施	健身中心、体育场馆等

分区	均值/km	标准差/km
中心城区(五环内)	5.58	0.97
三环以内	5.59	0.88
三环—五环	5.60	0.98
近郊区(五环—六环)	7.17	2.81
郊区新城	7.49	2.95
其他	6.72	2.53
远郊区(六环以外)	11.69	6.56
郊区新城	10.03	4.23
其他	13.95	8.25

分区	可达性水平均值	标准差
中心城区(四环以内)	126.16	29.04
三环以内	138.02	21.81
三环—四环	115.18	30.16
中心城区(四环—五环)	82.60	31.62
近郊区(五环—六环)	37.86	19.97
郊区新城	28.99	9.44
其他地区	50.19	23.85
远郊区(六环以外)	13.18	8.30
郊区新城	16.52	7.71
其他地区	8.43	6.43

设施类型	极大值	均值	标准差
文化设施	69.52	5.56	11.24
中学	146.95	7.70	12.76
小学	122.52	12.72	17.63
体育健身	137.05	13.50	23.50
休闲设施	177.02	16.12	24.09
幼儿园	189.32	39.88	43.50
医疗设施	953.12	105.84	167.99
购物设施	1670.54	263.62	313.85

区域	幼儿园	小学	中学	医疗设施	购物设施	休闲设施	文化设施	体育健身设施	综合设施
整体	-0.56	-0.55	-0.51	-0.55	-0.54	-0.51	-0.41	-0.50	-0.57
大兴新城	-0.70	-0.69	-0.71	-0.72	-0.72	-0.72	-0.63	-0.71	-0.69
通州新城	-0.67	-0.64	-0.61	-0.66	-0.63	-0.66	-0.57	-0.63	-0.66
亦庄新城	-0.67	-0.57	-0.53	-0.62	-0.65	-0.70	-0.64	-0.73	-0.64
房山新城	-0.65	-0.58	-0.65	-0.67	-0.66	-0.61	-0.54	-0.64	-0.64
昌平新城	-0.54	-0.61	-0.59	-0.55	-0.56	-0.53	-0.35	-0.54	-0.57
门头沟新城	-0.52	-0.57	-0.49	-0.55	-0.50	-0.54	-0.49	-0.45	-0.54
中心城区	-0.56	-0.50	-0.51	-0.56	-0.56	-0.54	-0.52	-0.55	-0.50
顺义新城	-0.28	-0.40	-0.43	-0.41	-0.32	-0.36	-0.13	-0.30	-0.37

Spatial match between residents’ daily life circle and public service facilities using big data analytics: A case of Beijing

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