山区耕地细碎化对土地利用集约度影响——以贵州省亚鱼村为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.07.003

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the relationship between farmland fragmentation and land use intensity, based on unmanned aerial vehicle high-resolution images and household survey data, and by comparing the accuracy of the measurement model of farmland fragmentation under different distance scenarios, this study calculated the farmland fragmentation index for Yayu Village, Guizhou Province and quantitatively analyzed the impact of different levels of farmland fragmentation on land use intensity. The farmland fragmentation measurement results of six distance scenarios show that road network from the farmers' farming plots to their homesteads was more accurate in measuring the level of farmland fragmentation. In this scenario, the average farmland fragmentation index in Yayu Village was 187.98, and time for commuting was high for the farmers. As the degree of farmland fragmentation of farmers intensified, labor input, capital input, and crop output value in agricultural management showed a downward trend in varying degrees. Among the capital inputs, the impact of farmland fragmentation on labor-saving input was most significant. In the context of migration of mountainous agricultural population, the fragmented farmland resources in rural areas had prompted farmers to speed up their withdrawal from agricultural production, resulting in inefficient use of farmland and even land abandonment.

Key words: farmland fragmentation, land use intensity, road accessibility, farming households, mountain areas

GE Yujuan, ZHAO Yuluan, LI Xiubin. Farmland fragmentation and land use intensity in mountain areas: A case study of Yayu Village, Guizhou Province[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(7): 1095-1105.

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农户类型	农业收入比重/%	农户数量/户	农户比例/%
纯农户	70~100	29	14.872
兼业户	30~70	129	66.154
非农户	0~30	37	18.974

调查项目	最小值	最大值	均值	标准差	变异系数/%
地块层面(2484块)
地块面积/hm²	0.001	0.565	0.043	0.045	104.651
地块周长/m	10.0	586.8	95.3	54.5	57.264
农户层面(195户)
农户耕作距离/m	36.7	121281.3	8204.9	11233.4	136.911
农户耕作地块数/块	1	46	12.738	7.373	57.882
农户耕地总面积/hm²	0.008	2.034	0.548	0.337	61.496
农户人均耕地面积/hm²	0.002	1.290	0.152	0.162	106.579
农户平均地块面积/hm²	0.008	0.187	0.046	0.023	50.000

耕地利用情况	播种	撂荒	流转
耕地面积/hm²	38.455	62.608	5.865
耕地地块数/块	840	1519	125
占全部耕地面积的比例/%	35.963	58.552	5.485

种植作物	种植农户/户	种植面积/hm²	种植地块数/块	占总种植面积的比例/%
水稻	143	22.248	380	57.855
玉米	111	12.775	372	33.221
辣椒	7	0.340	7	0.885
红薯	6	0.300	11	0.780
油菜	5	0.687	23	1.789
花生	4	0.240	8	0.625
大豆	3	0.142	4	0.369
黄桃	4	0.556	11	1.446
西瓜	2	0.431	6	1.120
葡萄	1	0.329	13	0.856
桂花树	2	0.217	3	0.565
车厘子	1	0.190	1	0.496

不同通勤距离情景指数	最小值	最大值	均值	标准差
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_A	28.981	315.147	119.400	42.264
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_A′	28.981	960.559	175.595	118.734
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_B	52.587	1222.198	304.263	203.327
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_B′	56.249	1536.221	370.227	250.510
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_C	29.164	1307.378	179.293	161.664
农户耕地细碎化指数LFI_C′	29.422	1643.830	213.640	207.732

Farmland fragmentation and land use intensity in mountain areas: A case study of Yayu Village, Guizhou Province

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	最小值	最大值	均值	标准差	变异系数/%
劳动力投入/(d/hm²)	60.9	656.2	169.0	88.3	52.275
资本投入/(元/hm²)	1244.4	17591.9	5942.9	3241.1	54.537
增产性投入/(元/hm²)	1244.4	10372.0	3782.5	1827.9	48.326
省工性投入/(元/hm²)	0	9218.1	2160.5	2090.6	96.765
单位面积作物产值/(元/hm²)	4684.0	20395.3	11228.8	2987.4	26.605

农户耕地细碎化等级	户数/户	耕地细碎化指数平均值	劳动力投入/(d/hm²)	资本投入/(元/hm²)			单位面积作物产值/(元/hm²)
农户耕地细碎化等级	户数/户	耕地细碎化指数平均值	劳动力投入/(d/hm²)	总量	增产性投入	省工性投入	单位面积作物产值/(元/hm²)
微度	14	79.499	256.9	8212.8	4799.3	3413.5	14194.8
轻度	56	129.189	167.2	6667.9	3940.2	2727.6	11330.8
中度	40	171.161	171.7	5362.3	3610.8	1751.5	10993.2
较重度	16	221.713	141.1	4830.7	3507.0	1323.7	10675.0
重度	11	266.180	150.1	4647.6	3336.4	1311.3	10261.7
极重度	12	435.002	119.9	4517.1	3208.1	1308.9	9702.8

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