乌鲁木齐公共交通基础设施对低收入群体就业的影响研究

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2020.01.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Western cities in China experience large-scale, rapid, and vast-invested transport infrastructure construction, which makes it particularly important to evaluate the social economic impacts of these projects. Based on trip survey data in Urumqi in 2014 and multivariate linear regression and multinomial Logit regression model with cross variables, this study explored the impact of bus rapid transit system (BRT) on job satisfaction. The results show that measured by commuting time, employment accessibility levels are lower for the low-income group, the male, property owners, and private car drivers, while accessibility levels are higher for commuters with shorter distance to BRT stops. In terms of job satisfaction, the low-income people are likely to report lower level of job satisfaction, while those with shorter distance to BRT stop and private car drivers are likely to report higher job satisfaction. It also shows that shorter time commuters do not necessarily report higher level of job satisfaction. These results indicate that overall public transport infrastructure has a positive promoting effect on both employment accessibility and job satisfaction, but the differential impacts of individual attributes also cannot be neglected. The policy implication of this study lies in helping with making the public policy to improve employment accessibility and job satisfaction of the low-income group of urban residents, which will further promote local employment stability and regional economy growth.

Key words: public transportation, infrastructure, employment accessibility, job satisfaction, multinomial Logit model, Urumqi

ZHANG Chun, CHENG Zhihua, YU Xiaoping, WANG Yaqun, SHEN Chen. Impact of public transportation infrastructure on employment of the low-income group in Urumqi[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2020, 39(1): 111-119.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 48

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变量	变量解释	单位
通勤时间	上班单程通勤需要时间	min
通勤方式	上班所采用的交通方式(小汽车/公交、其他)	分类变量
收入×公交、其他出行方式	收入水平×使用非小汽车出行	交叉变量
年龄	接受调查者的年龄	岁
年龄的平方	年龄×年龄	岁
性别	性别(男/女)	分类变量
家庭人口数	家中有多少人数量	人
是否拥有房屋产权	拥有房屋产权与否(是/否)	分类变量
家庭平均月收入	家庭平均月收入状况	分类变量
距最近BRT车站的距离	居住地距离最近公交站点的实际步行距离	m
通勤时间	上班单程通勤需要时间	min
通勤满意度	非常满意/满意/一般/不满意/非常不满意	分类变量

项目	说明	低收入组		高收入组
项目	说明	数值	标准差或百分比	数值	标准差或百分比
通勤时间	单位：min	33.0	25.3	32.8	27.8
通勤满意度	非常满意	3911	20.66%	4780	28.00%
	满意	7494	39.58%	7812	45.77%
	一般	7109	37.55%	4297	25.17%
	不满意	374	1.98%	153	0.90%
	非常不满意	44	0.23%	27	0.16%

变量	说明	回归系数 β	显著性 P
常数项	48.347		<0.001
自变量
X₁通勤方式	公交及其他=1; 私家车=0	-3.449	<0.001
X₂家庭月平均收入	2500元以下=1; 2500元及以上=0	0.990	0.004
X₃家庭平均收入×公交	交叉变量	0.253	0.489
X₄年龄	单位：岁	-0.104	0.326
X₅年龄×年龄	年龄的平方	-0.002	0.122
X₆性别	男=1;女=2	-2.863	<0.001
X₇家庭人口数	单位：人	-0.0.26	0.880
X₈拥有产权	是=1;否=0	5.303	<0.001
X₉到最近BRT距离的对数	单位：m	-2.143	<0.001
因变量
Y₁通勤时间	单位：min

变量	说明	Y₂=0		Y₂=1		Y₂=2			Y₂=3
变量	说明	β	P	β	P	β	P		β	P
常数项		-6.100		-2.241		0.058			0.214
自变量	单位：min	0.007	<0.001	0.006	<0.001	0.003	<0.001	0.003		<0.001
X₁通勤时间	单位：min	0.007	<0.001	0.006	<0.001	0.003	<0.001	0.003		<0.001
X₂通勤方式	公交或其他=1	-0.579	0.040	-0.922	<0.001	-0.559	<0.001	-0.257		<0.001
X₃年龄	岁	-0.030	0.791	-0.006	0.208	<0.001	0.881	-0.008		<0.001
X₄性别	男=1;女=2	0.218	0.295	-0.055	0.561	-0.022	0.465	-0.018		0.513
X₅家庭人口数	单位：人	0.028	0.817	-0.073	0.191	-0.009	0.611	-0.004		0.814
X₆家庭平均月收入	低收入组=1	-0.551	0.150	-0.956	<0.001	-0.641	<0.001	-0.123		<0.001
X₇最近BRT距离的对数	单位：m	-0.516	0.003	-0.790	-0.303	0.183	<0.001	-0.240		<0.001
因变量
Y₂通勤满意度		非常满意=4,满意=3,一般=2,不满意=1,很不满意=0

Impact of public transportation infrastructure on employment of the low-income group in Urumqi

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