农业多功能的地域类型与优化策略——以吉林省为例

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.09.008

Abstract

Abstract:

China's agricultural development is facing the challenges of sustainable development, changing consumer demands, and globalization. More attention should be paid to the spatial patterns, territorial types, and optimization strategies of multiple agriculture functions. This study briefly reviewed the development of multifunctional agriculture and discussed the theoretical basis of the spatiotemporal differentiation of agriculture multifunctions, and studied the territorial types and optimization strategies of agriculture multifunctions at the county level in Jilin Province by using cluster analysis method and so on. The results demonstrate that: 1) Agriculture multifunctions have the characteristics of joint production and externality. Endowment of agricultural resources, socioeconomic development stages, and their interactions play key roles in the spatiotemporal differentiation of agriculture multifunctions. 2) The spatial differentiations of agriculture functions at the county level in Jilin Province present different characteristics— the high values of agricultural products supply function are mainly distributed in the Songhua River-Liao River Plain; the high values of economic development function are located in counties with strong featured agriculture; the high values of social security function are distributed in highly urbanized counties with high per capita agricultural output value; and the high values of ecological service function are located in counties that have a large proportion of forest, grassland, and water areas. 3) Agriculture multifunctions at the county level in Jilin Province can be divided into four types: agricultural products supply dominated, multiple functions balanced, non-ecological functions disadvantaged, and ecological service dominated. 4) Different territorial types of agriculture multifunctions have different combinations of multiple agriculture functions and development backgrounds, and targeted development strategies for them should be implemented.

Key words: agriculture multifunctions, territorial types, optimization strategies, cluster analysis, Jilin Province

FANG Yangang,LIU Bencheng,LIU Jianzhi. Territorial types and optimization strategies of agriculture multifunctions: A case study of Jilin Province[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(9): 1349-1360.

Figures/Tables 5

Tab.1

Evaluation index system of agriculture multifunctions at the county level in Jilin Province"

决策层	目标层	指标层	正逆	权重	指标计算方法	指标来源
农业多功能评价	农产品供给功能	人均第一产业产值(元/人)	+	0.1238	第一产业产值/区域总人口	Zhou et al, 2017
		粮食自给率(kg/人)	+	0.1710	粮食总产量/区域总人口-400 kg
		粮食单产(t/hm²)	+	0.1590	粮食总产量/粮食播种面积	Peng et al, 2015
		垦殖指数(%)	+	0.1927	耕地面积/行政区面积	鲁莎莎等, 2014
		农田生产潜力(kg/hm²)	+	0.1765	中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心	张英男等, 2018
		有效灌溉面积比重(%)	+	0.1770	有效灌溉面积/耕地面积	谭雪兰等, 2017
	经济发展功能	第一产业产值比重(%)	+	0.0951	第一产业产值/三次产业总产值
		人均林牧渔业产值(元/人)	+	0.1187	林牧渔业产值/区域总人口
		耕地占用税比重(%)	+	0.2735	耕地占用税收入/税收收入(3年平均值)
		人均农林牧渔服务业产值(元/人)	+	0.1882	农林牧渔服务业产值/区域总人口
		设施农业占地比重(%)	+	0.3245	设施农业占地面积/耕地面积
	社会保障功能	第一产业就业比重(%)	+	0.0903	第一产业从业人员数/三次产业从业人员数	Peng et al, 2015
		人均农林水事务支出(元/人)	+	0.1239	农林水事务支出/乡村总人口
		人均耕地面积(hm²/人)	+	0.1355	耕地面积/乡村总人口	宋小青等, 2014
		劳均农林牧渔业总产值(元/人)	+	0.3614	农林牧渔业总产值/第一产业从业人员数	鲁莎莎等, 2014
		机收面积比重(%)	-	0.2889	机收面积/耕地面积
	生态服务功能	森林覆盖率(%)	+	0.2115	森林面积/行政区面积	李梦桃等, 2016
		草地面积比重(%)	+	0.1497	草地面积/行政区面积
		水域面积比重(%)	+	0.1599	水域面积/行政区面积
		农田生态系统多样性指数	+	0.1141	-Σp_i ln(p_i),p_i为各农作物播种面积比重	宋小青等, 2014
		化肥施用负荷(kg/hm²)	-	0.0735	化肥施用量/耕地面积	宋小青等, 2014
		农药施用负荷(kg/hm²)	-	0.0400	农药施用量/耕地面积	马才学等, 2018
		地均地膜使用量(kg/hm²)	-	0.1276	地膜施用量/耕地面积	马才学等, 2018
		农田火强度(个/km²)	-	0.1237	火点像元数/耕地面积

Tab.1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Tab.2

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指标	农产品供给优势区	多种功能并重区	非生态功能弱势区	生态服务优势区
人均耕地面积/(亩/人)	6.18	5.14	2.52	1.13
城镇化率/%	27.15	34.77	60.65	66.81
人均GDP/(元/人)	38263.64	37881.88	32935.18	55894.54
农村居民人均纯收入/(元/人)	12055.33	12291.17	11150.67	12126.67
乡村人口非农就业比重/%	24.65	25.63	28.62	22.85
人口自然增长率/‰	-10.56	-10.93	-7.68	-7.86
人均社会消费品零售总额/(元/人)	18235.98	16884.94	21591.38	21059.21
第二产业产值比重/%	29.16	39.82	31.53	42.90
人均工业生产总值/(元/人)	10116.92	14066.47	9240.83	23267.99

Territorial types and optimization strategies of agriculture multifunctions: A case study of Jilin Province

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