地区间基因差异会影响技术转移吗?——基于中国2001—2005年省际专利转让数据

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.05.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Technology transfer is an important means to promote coordinated regional development and efficient allocation of innovative resources. Patent transfer is a major part of China's technology transfer trading market, but the mechanism behind it has not been fully explained. By using the existing genetic distance estimation method and the widely recognized Han population genetic data, this study explored the mechanism of cross-regional patent transfer from the perspective of genetic differences. By mining the patent transfer data of the Patent Search Platform of the State Intellectual Property Office and combining with other economic geographic data, we conducted a quantitative research on whether genetic distance has affected inter-provincial patent transfer. Considering the principle of "same-sex repelling and opposite-sex attracting," a model was constructed from the perspective of technical competition. Results of the regression analyses of the panel data show that the farther the genetic distance is, the more likely it is to have inter-regional patent transfers. In general, for one-standard-deviation rise of genetic differences between two provinces, the number of patent transfers between them increased by 9.8%. The results have undergone several robustness tests and the spatial differences also have been considered. This study highlights the importance of genetic diversity for human society, and suggests that policies should relax migration and settlement restrictions and encourage inter-regional exchanges and integration.

Key words: patent transfer, innovation geography, genetic difference, spatial differentiation, genetic diversity, China

Chaofeng QIAN, Debin DU, Xuan HU, Dezhong DUAN. Does genetic difference influence inter-region technology transfer?Evidence from China’s provincial-level patent transfer data of 2001-2005[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(5): 745-755.

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变量名	变量描述	样本数	平均值	标准差	数据来源
Zhuanli	某年某2省市之间转让专利数	496	4.59	8.53	Du et al,1992
Gene	两省之间遗传距离	496	2.59	1.86	国家知识产权局专利检索平台
szlwd	转让方所在地转移网络加权度	496	57.44	39.63	Gephi软件计算所得
tzlwd	受让方所在地转移网络加权度	496	70.94	41.24	Gephi软件计算所得
dist	转让方与受让方所在地中心点间的大圆距离的自然对数	496	13.69	0.69	GIS计算所得
scspcgdp	转让方所在地2001年的人均GDP的自然对数	496	9.27	0.63	国家统计局网站
tcspcgdp	受让方所在地2002年的人均GDP的自然对数	496	9.49	0.64	国家统计局网站
gdpgap	转让方与受让方所在地当年GDP比值	496	1.38	1.93	国家统计局网站
urbangap	转让方与受让方所在地当年城市化率(据城镇就业人口比率计算)比值	496	1.21	1.06	国家统计局网站
jiaoyugap	转让方与受让方所在地当年每万人大学生数比值	496	1.17	1.55	国家统计局网站
scoast	转让方所在地是否沿海	496	0.23	0.42	国家地理信息测绘局
szhixiashi	转让方所在地是否为直辖市	496	0.58	0.49	国家地理信息测绘局
tcoast	转让方所在地是否沿海	496	0.72	0.45	国家地理信息测绘局
tzhixiashi	受让方所在地是否直辖市	496	0.33	0.47	国家地理信息测绘局
anycoast	转让方与受让方存在一方所在地是否沿海	496	0.95	0.59	国家地理信息测绘局
anyzxs	转让方与受让方存在一方所在地是否为直辖市	496	0.91	0.66	国家地理信息测绘局

变量	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.335^**	-0.385^**	-0.221^*	-0.396^**	-0.238^*	-0.243^*
	(0.039)	(0.013)	(0.091)	(0.010)	(0.094)	(0.089)
dist		-0.303	-0.454	-0.324	0.0537	0.0547
		(0.458)	(0.231)	(0.437)	(0.920)	(0.917)
szlwd			0.0521^***		0.0454^**	0.0439^**
			(0.000)		(0.013)	(0.018)
tzlwd			0.0465^***		0.0395^***	0.0392^***
			(0.000)		(0.008)	(0.010)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	5.413^***	9.689^*	5.079	7.044	55.75^***	41.12^*
	(0.000)	(0.085)	(0.335)	(0.239)	(0.001)	—
样本量	496	496	496	496	496	496

变量	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.345^**	-0.387^**	-0.216^*	-0.402^***	-0.248^*	-0.254^*
	(0.034)	(0.011)	(0.093)	(0.009)	(0.083)	(0.077)
dist		-0.260	-0.383	-0.303	0.0751	0.0690
		(0.542)	(0.329)	(0.485)	(0.890)	(0.898)
szlwd			0.0558^***		0.0503^***	0.0485^**
			(<0.001)		(0.008)	(0.011)
tzlwd			0.0496^***		0.0400^***	0.0398^***
			(<0.001)		(0.008)	(0.009)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	5.525^***	9.192	3.820	0	54.70^***	40.70
	(<0.001)	(0.115)	(0.487)	—	(0.002)	(0.101)
样本量	478	478	478	478	478	478

	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.341^*	-0.409^**	-0.270^*	-0.480^***	-0.312^*	-0.336^*
	(0.054)	(0.016)	(0.064)	(0.009)	(0.077)	(0.075)
dist		-0.403	-0.425	-0.620	-0.005	0.110
		(0.358)	(0.308)	(0.173)	(0.994)	(0.881)
szlwd			0.0556^***		0.0547^***	0.0456^**
			(<0.001)		(0.005)	(0.029)
tzlwd			0.0509^***		0.0360^*	0.0461^**
			(<0.001)		(0.053)	(0.018)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	5.538^***	11.24^*	4.083	10.26	54.10^*	0
	(<0.001)	(0.063)	(0.474)	(0.120)	(0.062)	—
样本量	398	398	398	398	383	348

	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.398^**	-0.440^**	-0.289^*	-0.476^**	-0.339^*	-0.336^*
	(0.042)	(0.022)	(0.093)	(0.018)	(0.073)	(0.075)
dist		-0.237	-0.397	-0.246	0.0635	0.110
		(0.624)	(0.379)	(0.629)	(0.931)	(0.881)
szlwd			0.0485^***		0.0505^**	0.0456^**
			(<0.001)		(0.013)	(0.029)
tzlwd			0.0487^***		0.0466^**	0.0461^**
			(<0.001)		(0.014)	(0.018)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	6.184^***	9.535	4.652	5.482	58.07^**	0
	(<0.001)	(0.152)	(0.454)	(0.458)	(0.042)	—
样本量	364	364	364	364	348	348

Does genetic difference influence inter-region technology transfer?Evidence from China’s provincial-level patent transfer data of 2001-2005

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	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.135	-0.188	-0.0994	-0.198^*	-0.0741	-0.0788
	(0.139)	(0.101)	(0.369)	(0.098)	(0.581)	(0.562)
dist		-0.444	-0.689^**	-0.400	-0.661	-0.634
		(0.221)	(0.045)	(0.275)	(0.107)	(0.126)
szlwd			0.0437^**		0.0482^**	0.0479^*
			(0.017)		(0.045)	(0.055)
tzlwd			0.0228^***		0.0282^**	0.0276^**
			(<0.001)		(0.011)	(0.014)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	2.586^***	8.820^*	9.365^*	7.314	29.65^**	0
	(<0.001)	(0.098)	(0.054)	(0.161)	(0.015)	—
样本量	132	132	132	132	130	130

	模型1	模型2	模型3	模型4	模型5	模型6
gene	-0.0994	-0.133	0.0382	-0.108	-0.0435	-0.0788
	(0.542)	(0.428)	(0.801)	(0.518)	(0.836)	(0.562)
dist		-0.282	-0.729	0.128	-0.419	-0.634
		(0.638)	(0.273)	(0.861)	(0.614)	(0.126)
szlwd			0.0417		0.0570	0.0479^*
			(0.103)		(0.196)	(0.055)
tzlwd			0.0738		0.0175	0.0276^**
			(0.223)		(0.694)	(0.014)
控制经济变量	否	否	否	否	是	是
控制时间固定效应	否	否	否	是	否	是
常数项	3.200^***	7.141	8.519	-0.531	-17.45	0
	(<0.001)	(0.397)	(0.306)	(0.960)	(0.598)	—
样本量	98	98	98	98	95	130

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