Abstract:

Foreign researches on negotiation of leisure constraints appeared in the 1990s, and is now the frontier field of leisure constraints research. In this study, a total of 136 articles in the Web of Science database from 1985 to 2018 were taken as sample data, and the bibliometric analysis tool of CiteSpace Ⅲ information visualization software was used to perform a comprehensive review of these articles. Based on the growth in the number of articles and the change of research hotspots, the foreign researches on negotiation of leisure constraints can be divided into three stages: embryonic stage (1993-1999), exploration stage (2000-2010), and rapid development stage (2011 till now). Scholars and institutions who focus on negotiation of leisure constraints mainly come from the United States and Canada, followed by Australia and South Korea. In the early stage, the studies were conceptual and descriptive, empirical research emerged since the 21st century, and the research content has developed from simple descriptive classification to multivariate model building and validation. The researches involved a wide range of crowd, ranging from the general population to special social groups, such as people with special diseases, people with disabilities and Muslim women. The contents focus on the constraints and negotiations of physical activity, outdoor recreation and serious leisure. At present, cross-cultural research has become a hot topic in foreign leisure researches. These foreign researches are of great significance to the theoretical and practical work of China's leisure study.

Key words: leisure research, negotiation of leisure constraints, CiteSpace Ⅲ, foreign researches