苹果手机零部件全球价值链的价值分配与中国角色演变

doi:10.18306/dlkxjz.2019.03.009

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the data of Apple suppliers from 2012 to 2017, this study conducted an empirical analysis of the global value chains of iPhone parts, and the changing role of Chinese enterprises according to the cost value of different parts of mobile phone. The conclusions are as follows: Firstly, suppliers of the key parts were mainly located in the United States, Japan, and South Korea, and they were in the core of value chain governance; while the important and general components were mainly from Japan and Chinese mainland and Taiwan, China. Secondly, the production of most parts was completed in Chinese mainland and Southeast Asia. In recent years, Chinese mainland's status of the "world factory" for general parts of iPhone has been further consolidated, but at the same time, breakthroughs have been made in some important links of the value chains, and Chinese mainland has gradually moved to the high end of the value chain. Thirdly, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Chengdu-Chongqing region, and the Central Plains have become the core production base of iPhone's components. iPhone parts industrial clusters have been formed in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, and they have become the main base for Chinese mainland's enterprises to embed in iPhone's global value chain. The Chengdu-Chongqing region is not only the base for chip companies, but also the location for assemblying and packaging services at the low end of the value chain, which indicates the two-way acceptance at both ends of the value chain. The regions around the Bohai Bay, Fujian Province, Hunan Province, and some other places mainly carry on the production of the medium part of the value chain, while the Central Plains mainly carry on the production of the mobile phone assembly and packaging services. Finally, we analyzed the driving factors that upgraded Chinese mainland's status in the global value chains.

Key words: distribution pattern of value, global value chain, iPhone parts, China

Jiangjiang KANG, Fan ZHANG, Yuemin NING. Value allocation and China’s evolving role in the global value chains of iPhone parts[J].PROGRESS IN GEOGRAPHY, 2019, 38(3): 395-406.

Figures/Tables 7

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References 38

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分级	零部件类型
高价值零部件($7~22)	闪存芯片(NAND)、动态存储芯片(DRAM)、显示屏(背光模组、彩色滤光片、液晶面板、玻璃基板)、操作系统、基带芯片、分立器件、射频组件、触控面板、相机模块、触控芯片、模拟器件、电源管理芯片、无线通信芯片等
中等价值零部件($1~5)	电池、有限元法与其他射频、功率放大器、PCB、触摸控制器、陀螺和加速度计、GPS、充电器、磁性元件、电池、电阻、电容、电感、振动器、精密马达、精密组件、声学、连接器、散热组件、晶振等
低价值零部件($1及以下)及OEM厂商	金属机壳、机构件、辅料、铰链和枢轴、包装印刷品、代工厂等

地区大类	国家/地区	高价值零部件2012/2017	中等价值零部件2012/2017	低价值零部件2012/2017	供应商总数2012/2017
欧洲(西欧)	奥地利	0/1	2/1	0/0	13/13：供应商稳定,变化较小。
	比利时	0/0	0/0	1/1
	芬兰	0/0	1/1	0/0
	荷兰	1/1	1/1	0/0
	瑞士	1/1	0/0	1/0
	德国	2/1	0/2	2/2
	英国	0/0	1/1	0/0
美洲	美国	20/14	12/9	9/6	41/29：下降显著。
亚洲(东亚、东南亚、西亚)	日本	16/17	19/18	5/6	117/140：增加显著,主要以中国大陆和台湾地区增加最为明显。
	韩国	5/5	3/3	0/1
	新加坡	0/1	1/1	3/3
	中国台湾	9/8	18/19	12/18
	中国香港	2/1	4/0	2/3
	中国大陆	2/5	12/24	3/6
	沙特	0/0	0/0	1/1

地区大类	国家/地区	高价值零部件2012/2017	中等价值零部件2012/2017	低价值一般零部件2012/2017
西欧	德国	10/8	0/1	4/1
	法国	4/3	0/0	0/0
	英国	5/2	0/0	0/0
美洲	美国	47/29	12/6	14/15
美洲	巴西	0/0	0/2	0/3
东南亚	马来西亚	17/12	8/3	0/0
	泰国	8/5	7/9	0/0
	新加坡	9/8	9/2	2/1
	越南	2/4	6/15	1/1
	菲律宾	19/13	4/4	0/0
东亚	韩国	24/25	13/7	0/2
	日本	68/67	58/62	13/5
	中国大陆	80/64	119/151	108/134
	中国台湾	15/23	15/19	5/10
南亚	印度	0/1	0/0	0/4

年份	高价值零部件	中等价值零部件	低价值零部件
2012	玻璃面板(蓝思科技、伯恩光学)	音响组件、声学组件、电池、连接器、精密组件、散热模块	配件、塑料、螺丝扣件、包装印刷
2017	液晶面板(京东方)、芯片封装(江苏长电)、摄像头传感器(欧菲科技)、玻璃面板(蓝思科技、伯恩光学)	音响组件、声学组件、电池、连接器、散热模块、PCB、充电器、电源线、天线、精密结构件、线性马达、模具及模切设备等	包装印刷、电子螺丝扣件

Value allocation and China’s evolving role in the global value chains of iPhone parts

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